截击机作战起飞规划模型研究

根据截击机在优化的目标分配形式下拦截效果的概率模型,导出了截击机在拦截多攻击机机群时的最优目标分配形式;研究了机场飞机起飞架数与机场战术、技术参数、机场收音机的战术、技术参数以及与攻击机的进攻态势之间的关系;确定了多机场飞机对多攻击机机群进行最优目标分配时所应满足的量化关系,给出了模型可对作战决策过程提供理论依据。     

空战中机群编队分层优化算法

针对机群编队优化计算复杂的问题,提出了一种分层优化算法。根据敌我双方的距离、角度、速度以及飞机导弹、雷达的性能,建立了多机协同任务分配模型。根据空战中常用的基本飞机队形,对敌方机群编队进行分层,对每层分别计算己方对选取各种基本队形时的任务分配结果和队形优化优势值,通过比较得到己方机群编队的每层最优队形,当得到己方每层的最优队形之后,将己方每层最优队形进行组合解码就可得到己方机群编队的最优队形。仿真结果表明该方法能有效地解决机群编队队形优化问题,并且该算法具有较好的实时性。     

飞机的可靠性准则

现代飞机种类的增加，既促成了各种用途的航空技术产品的工作特性和使用条件的多样性，也促成了使用飞机可靠性准则的必要性。本文从分析飞机的主要工作特性入手，对飞机系统的可靠性准则进行了分析。给出在完成任务期间飞机及其设备无故障工作的概率及评估方法。讨论了机群的可靠性准则，给出了机群的故障概率及在无法修复条件下和可修复条件下评估机群可靠性的方法。     

基于交互式多模型的飞机编队相对导航算法研究

在飞机编队飞行时,成员间的相对位置信息是实现系统协同作战的重要保证,为了提高机群编队飞行的相对导航定位精度,在无地面基准的机群编队飞行JTIDS/GPS/TACAN/IFDL组合的相对导航系统中,采用交互式多模型扩展卡尔曼滤波(IMM-EKF)算法,设计实现了多传感器相对导航系统,克服了飞机动态模型参数变化导致使用单一动态模型滤波精度下降的问题。仿真分析结果表明,交互式多模型算法可以提高相对导航系统的定位精度和可靠性,特别在GPS可见卫星很少的情况下,依然能够具有良好的定位性能。     

试论民用飞机选型程序

飞机选型的最终目的是为航空公司选择一个最满意的机群。它从每个城市对子之间的航班对飞机的优选开始,综合公司全部航班选型结果,从中挑选不同的若干机型组合,形成不同的机群方案;再评估这些方案,选取其中最为满意的一个。本文就如何进行民用飞机和机群的优选进行了探讨,并提出了一个“飞机选型程序框图”。     

机载火控系统精度分析

火控系统动态精度试验是指在目标和飞机处于相对运动的状态下,检查系统输出值相对标准值的误差。本文介绍了飞机火控系统动态试验的程序和基于时间序列建模的理论。最后,对导弹与目标相对位置的误差以及火控跟踪雷达对目标的测距、测角误差进行了分析。     

飞机结构缺陷漏检概率评估与控制技术

提出了一种飞机结构缺陷漏检概率评估与控制技术,利用该技术可以有效地提高单机乃至机群中缺陷 (裂纹 )检出概率 ( POD),并可以对缺陷 (裂纹 )的漏检概率进行准确地评估和控制,使飞机因裂纹漏检而造成事故的可能性降至最低程度,从而确保飞机的安全飞行。     

机群编队对地攻击飞机武器系统作战模型研究

从机群编队对地攻击飞机武器系统作战顶层人手，建立了同类型机群及混合机群对地攻击飞机武器系统编队作战行动模型，给出了总体效能指标与飞机武器系统飞行阶段的效能指标关系，并进行了综合优化分析，为对地攻击飞机武器系统作战效能分析与综合打下了基础。     

基于Fokker 27飞机过载-超越数曲线族的严重超越数包线选取

 以Fokker 27机群的过载-超越数曲线族为基础,建立了严重谱对应的严重超越数包线的获取方法。首先对外场使用的Fokker 27飞机机群的过载-超越数曲线进行筛选,得到59架飞机的过载-超越数曲线,采用线性累积损伤理论计算得到59架飞机每次飞行的损伤;假定机群载荷损伤服从对数正态分布,以严重谱下安全寿命满足机群寿命可靠度要求为准则,给出了严重谱的损伤程度。其次,采用对数正态分布描述指定过载下超越数的分布特性,外推得到满足损伤要求的严重超越数包线及对应的概率要求。结果表明,Fokker 27飞机严重过载-超越数曲线包线对应的超越数增量为1.117倍标准差。     

凸曲面的离散求交算法及其在飞机设计上的应用

构建精确的目标外形是飞机设计的必要条件。本文给出了凸曲面离散求交的算法，在飞机设计中采用此方法，能够得到机身机翼交线的准确位置。     

Direct Intercept Guidance using Differential Geometry Concepts

This paper examines the application of differential geometry to the engagement of both nonmanoeuvring and manoeuvring targets. The kinematics of the engagement for both manoeuvring and nonmanoeuvring target are developed and expressed in differential geometric terms. Two-dimensional geometry is then used to determine the intercept conditions for a straight line target and a constant manoeuvre target. The intercept conditions for both targets are developed for the case when the interceptor missile guides onto a straight line interception. These two cases are shown to have a common set of core conditions such that it enables a unified guidance law to be developed. The guidance law is shown to be globally stable using Lyapunov theory, so that guidance capture is assured for any initial condition. The analysis and guidance law design does not rely on local linearisation and can be shown to produce guidance trajectories that mirror proportional navigation for the straight line interception of a nonmanoeuvring target for which proportional navigation was originally developed. The paper finishes with simulation in two dimensions, illustrating the convergence and solution properties of the approach.     

A Performance Measure for Evaluating Aircraft Landing Trajectories

A general performance index is developed for evaluating aircraft landing trajectories. The primary term in the index is the effect of noise on people residing near the air terminal. Other terms included are passenger comfort, fuel consumed, and the time spent in the near-terminal area. Models are developed for aircraft engine noise, passenger comfort, the population distribution about a specific airport, and the aircraft flight behavior. While this performance index may be used in computing optimal trajectories, it is also useful for comparing nonoptimal trajectories which, for one reason or another, may be worthy of consideration. Some examples of such comparisons are included through simulations of landing. The aircraft considered is a Boeing 737.     

一对一遭遇时飞机生存力-探测时间解析模型

 考虑探测事件的发生时间对开火、击中以及杀伤事件的影响,分析飞机与威胁的一对一遭遇情形,推导出飞机遭遇打击的次数的概率分布以及特定打击次数下飞机的生存概率,最后得到了一对一遭遇飞机生存力 探测时间的解析求解公式。该解析模型精确考虑了威胁与飞机遭遇的全过程,包括：探测,跟踪、开火以及重新装弹、开火等。根据该模型,不仅可以计算一对一遭遇飞机生存概率,而且可以方便地绘制生存力随平均发现时间、一次打击杀伤概率等参数变化的曲线。算例和分析结果表明该模型计算简便、合理有效。     

Distributed three-dimensional cooperative guidance via receding horizon control

The paper presents a new three-dimensional (3D) cooperative guidance approach by the receding horizon control (RHC) technique. The objective is to coordinate the impact time of a group of interceptor missiles against the stationary target. The framework of a distributed RHC scheme is developed, in which each interceptor missile is assigned its own finite-horizon optimal control problem (FHOCP) and only shares the information with its neighbors. The solution of the local FHOCP is obtained by the constrained particle swarm optimization (PSO) method that is integrated into the distributed RHC framework with enhanced equality and inequality con-straints. The numerical simulations show that the proposed guidance approach is feasible to imple-ment the cooperative engagement with satisfied accuracy of target capture. Finally, the computation efficiency of the distributed RHC scheme is discussed in consideration of the PSO parameters, con-trol update period and prediction horizon.     

High Range-Resolution Monopulse Tracking Radar

High range-resolution monopulse (HRRM) tracking radar which maintains wide instantaneous bandwidth through both range and angle error sensing channels provides range, azimuth, elevation, and amplitude for each resolved part of the target. The three-dimensional target detail can be used to improve and extend radar performance in several ways: for improved precision of target location, for target classification and recognition, to counter repeater-type ECM, to improve low-angle multipath tracking, to resolve multiple targets, as a miss-distance measurement capability, and for improved tracking in chaff and clutter. These have been demonstrated qualitatively except for the ECCM to repeater ECM and low-altitude tracking improvement. Initial results from an experimental HRRM radar with 3-ns pulse length show resolution of aircraft into its major parts and precise location of each resolved part accurately in range and angle. Realtime closed-loop tracking is performed on aircraft in flight using high-speed sampled, digitized, and processed HRRM range and angle video data. Clutter rejection capability is also demonstrated.     

基于空闲时间窗和多Agent的A-SMGCS航空器滑行路由规划

先进场面活动引导与控制系统(A-SMGCS)中的航空器滑行路由规划是一个典型NP难题。为解决航空器滑行路由规划的优化性和计算量之间的矛盾,提出一种基于空闲时间窗的路由规划方法,并利用多Agent系统(MAS)进行算法求解。首先,建立滑行资源图以对场面滑行区进行建模。其次,按照航班计划为航空器设置滑行优先级,并按优先级顺序依次规划路由,后规划的路由不破坏已有路由,即利用滑行路段的空闲时间窗进行规划。每次只需为一架航空器规划滑行路由,降低了问题的求解难度;通过搜索空闲时间窗获得路由使场面交通均衡分布,保证了路由规划的整体优化性。分析了空闲时间窗特性,指出空闲时间窗的可达性条件和避免同步资源交换冲突的条件。最后,设计MAS,把建立、维护和搜索空闲时间窗图的复杂集中式求解过程简化为通过路由管理Agent,航空器Agent和资源节点Agent相互协作实现对场面路由规划问题的分布式求解。仿真结果表明,设计的MAS能够快速找到空闲时间窗中的最优解;与固定预选滑行路径算法相比,航空器的平均滑行时间显著减少,最多可以节省19.6%的滑行时间。     

舰载机的自由飞行钩住情况

自由飞行钩住（FFE）是指飞机在处于上仰姿态,且所有起落架尚未接触甲板的情况下的拦阻钩钩索。此时,飞机有较大的姿态角和较低的下沉速度。根据起落架和拦阻钩几何布局、飞机重心位置,拦阻力线可能处于飞机重心之下,因此产生显著的低头力矩,造成前起落架首先接触甲板,而主起落架稍后继之,飞机的低头俯仰速率可以导致前起落架以较高的下...     

Flight trajectory optimization of sun-tracking solar aircraft under the constraint of mission region

The optimal yawing angle of sun-tracking solar aircraft is tightly related to the solar azimuth angle, which results in a large arc flight path to dynamically track the sun position. However, the limited detection range of payload usually requires solar aircraft to loiter over areas of interest for persistent surveillance missions. The large arc sun-tracking flight may cause the target area on the ground to be outside the maximum coverage area of payload. The present study therefore develops an optimal flight control approach for planning the flight path of sun-tracking solar aircraft within a mission region. The proposed method enables sun-tracking solar aircraft to maintain the optimal yawing angle most of the time during daylight flight, except when the aircraft reverses its direction by turning flight. For a circular region with a mission radius of 50 km, the optimal flight trajectory and controls of an example Λ-shaped sun-tracking solar aircraft are investigated theoretically. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to optimize the flight path of the sun-tracking aircraft under the given circular region while maximizing the battery input power. Furthermore, the effects of varying the mission radius on energy performance are explored numerically. It has been proved that both net energy and energy balance remain nearly constant as the radius constraint varies, which enables the solar aircraft to achieve perpetual flight at almost the same latitude as the large arc flight. The method and results presented in this paper can provide reference for the persistent operation of sun-tracking solar aircraft within specific mission areas.     

飞机拦阻钩振动运动学和拦索动力学研究

 本文对拦阻着陆中出现的拦阻钩振动和拦阻动载两大重要问题作了阐明和分析。重点研究和推演了飞机地面滑行中拦阻钩的二类振动运动学及其微分方程特性;钩的阻尼振动轨迹特性;阻尼器参数选择。 在拦索应变动载的研究中阐明了飞机对中拦阻、偏心拦阻、使用不同拦索材料的应变动载特性,并进行了实例计算分析,证实了飞机拦阻的拦索应变动载大小与地面拦阻装置的配置、拦索材料、飞机着陆的偏心程度等有密切关系。     

Propagation and System Accuracy Impact of Major Sensor Errors on a Strapdown Aircraft Navigator

A strapdown system is considered as an unaided inertial navigator aboard an aircraft. Presented here are simulation results detailing the propagation of navigation errors (in nautical miles) due to strapdown sensor errors for four trajectories. They indicate the type of performance that can be expected from a strapdown system utilizing good ?off the shelf? gyros and accelerometers, and dramatically illustrate the improvements necessary in these components to obtain navigation performance comparable to that available from a good gimballed inertial system. The total navigation error for each trajectory is broken down to show the contribution from each of the various error sources. This breakdown quickly reveals which are the critical error sources for a given trajectory class, and also points up the relationship that exists between each individual error source, aircraft maneuvers, and the resulting navigation error. Several of the error mechanisms are discussed at length and a set of linearized differential equations which can be used to analyze error propagations is presented. These results should be of particular interest to the system designer who is faced with the problem of specifying the sensor error parameters necessary to meet mission performance requirements. With an analysis similar to the one presented here, but structured around his own expected mission trajectories, the designer should be able to confidently predict system accuracies and intelligently perform tradeoffs on the critical system parameters.