基于蚁群算法的无人机三维路径规划与冲突解脱

针对传统无人机路径规划方法难以满足无人机在复杂山区环境应用这一缺点,提出一种基于蚁群算法并利用插值算法和容斥算法优化的无人机三维路径规划算法。通过无人机飞行约束条件和对蚁群算法的优化在所建立的三维空间中得到最优路径。利用二次、三次样条插值、容斥算法等优化算法对无人机路径优化,规划出一条更加平滑的便于无人机执行的最佳路径,并建立了无人机冲突约束,解决了无人机冲突。     

面向无人机编队队形保持的航路规划技术研究

针对无人机编队快速转弯时队形难以保持的问题,提出一种基于编队方向角变换的编队航路规划方法,使编队飞行过程中各无人机满足队形保持要求以及自身运动学约束。首先围绕编队保持问题构建编队数学模型,并结合无人机运动学约束构建编队飞行过程中的最优控制问题。然后,利用伪谱法对最优控制问题进行求解,从而获得编队协同飞行航路。仿真结果表明,规划出的编队航路在满足编队队形保持要求的同时,能够保证各无人机满足自身运动学约束。     

多无人机协同路径规划研究综述

多无人机协同路径规划是多无人机协同控制的重要研究内容之一。首先介绍了多无人机协同路径规划的问题描述、数学模型和求解框架,然后总结出在路径规划中常见的几类环境表示方法,最后分别介绍了在多无人机协同路径规划中用到的几类路径规划算法。此外还提出了多无人机协同路径规划应关注的几个问题及可能的发展方向。     

基于混沌灰狼优化的多无人机协同航路规划

针对多无人机协同执行饱和攻击任务的时空约束,本文提出了基于混沌灰狼优化的离线航路规划方法,实现了多无人机协同航路的有效生成。首先,针对饱和攻击任务的特点进行分析,将具有时空约束的多无人机同时到达问题转化为协同航程问题;其次,针对将混沌映射引入灰狼优化算法中,提出了混沌灰狼优化算法,以提高原算法的探索能力和收敛速度;最后,提出了基于几何规划的航点扩展策略,从而构造出满足任务攻击时间与攻击方位要求的航点序列。通过对单无人机航路规划问题的仿真验证了改进算法的寻优能力;通过对面向饱和攻击任务的航路规划仿真验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

多无人机协同覆盖路径规划

多无人机协同覆盖路径规划(CPP)由于其并行性和容错能力,对于提高无人机完成侦察、监视、搜索等任务的效率具有重要意义。提出了一种基于无人机任务性能评价和任务区域划分的多无人机协同CPP算法。定量分析了无人机执行覆盖任务的能力,根据无人机及携带成像传感器的性能给出了计算无人机任务性能指数的数学公式;提出了一种基于任务性能和子区域宽度的任务区域划分算法,使无人机的总转弯次数达到最少。仿真结果表明,所提出的CPP算法能够规划出全局最优的多无人机协同覆盖路径。     

基于多基因遗传算法的异构多无人机协同任务分配

以异构多无人机对多目标执行侦查、攻击和评估任务为背景,开展协同任务分配问题建模、算法设计和仿真分析。综合考虑异构无人机任务执行能力、任务执行时序和自身运动学等约束,同时考虑各无人机机载弹药毁伤概率因素,建立以任务执行时间和攻击收益为综合性能指标的任务分配优化模型,提出避免产生"死锁"现象的基于多类型基因编码的改进遗传算法,实现对协同任务分配问题的求解。基于任务分配方案和无人机的最小转弯半径,采用Dubins路径协调方法,生成无人机的可飞航迹。仿真结果表明,改进遗传算法可快速有效地求解多约束条件下异构多无人机协同任务分配问题,基于Dubins路径协调可为每个无人机生成完整的可飞航迹。     

基于多指标动态优先级的无人机协同路径规划

针对复杂城市环境下多无人机（UAVS）协同巡检、配送等任务,提出一种基于多指标动态优先级的协同路径规划方法,以节省运行成本和增加任务效率。综合考虑碰撞风险、总路程、等待时间等指标构建动态优先级模型,并在优先级单边避碰机制下,定制组合规避策略以处理局部冲突,更好地权衡协同规划效率和路径质量。针对无人机个体路径规划,在Lazy Theta*算法基础上引入拥堵权值地图,引导无人机避开拥堵区域,降低冲突发生可能性。对比仿真试验表明：提出的个体规划算法可以减少拥堵区域和降低拥堵持续时间,提出的多指标动态优先级协同规划算法相比于飞行时间驱动的动态优先级,能够提高规划效率和结果最优性。     

基于改进贪心算法的无人机集群协同任务分配

无人机集群由于其强大的信息共享与行为协作等优势,在军事、民用及科研等领域发挥了重要作用.然而无人机集群在执行大规模任务时,任务的时间约束、时序关系以及性能要求都对集群任务的协同规划与分配提出了巨大的挑战.针对多无人机协同飞行约束下的任务分配问题,本文提出了一种基于改进贪心算法的无人机集群协同任务分配算法,在保证无人机间...     

多无人机系统协同多任务分配模型与仿真

针对多约束条件下的多无人机系统协同多任务分配问题(CMTAP),提出了利用多约束条件下的多车场车辆路径问题(MDVRPMC)对协同多任务分配问题进行建模,在设计基于Pareto最优的遗传模拟退火算法的基础上,对存在任务点动态时间窗口约束、任务类型约束、无人机任务能力约束等条件下的协同多任务分配问题进行了求解.实例仿真表...     

具有时间约束的无人机遗传算法航迹规划

为无人机进行航迹规划不仅要满足路径的有效性,还需要考虑无人机的到达时间约束.将遗传算法应用于动态环境中无人机的航迹规划,通过编码生成初始航迹,确定合理的适应度函数和进化操作,同时根据要求到达时间约束为每个航迹加入过点速度和到达时间信息,最终搜索规划出可飞且满足时间约束的航迹.在仿真实验中实现了针对移动目标的规划和突然出现威胁的局部重规划.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。