基于飞行试验的模拟器气动模型校准方法

针对模拟器客观测试标准要求及仿真模型模拟逼真度需求,提出了一种基于飞行试验的模拟器气动模型校准方法。首先,以经过预处理的飞行试验数据和模拟数据为基础分别辨识得到气动导数;然后分析两辨识结果的统计关系,以确定修正系数;最后,根据不同状态点修正系数随动压变化规律建立了修正系数插值表,达到对仿真模型进行校准的目的。飞行试验数据验证表明,校准后的仿真气动模型容差范围能满足模拟器客观测试要求,显著提高了仿真模型模拟逼真度。     

试飞院仿真技术发展中的几个问题

试飞院的飞行仿真工作主要围绕着改善模拟逼真度，提高仿真试验效率和效益及建立建模和仿真试验环境三方面开展工作。文章重点介绍了该院飞行仿真的总目标，总思路及实际应用情况，简要地叙述了其仿真技术和模拟器设施的发展，包括发展历史，现状和技术水平，还简要地说明了国外飞行仿真技术的发展。目的是为了加强试飞院的空地飞行模拟器的建设以适应我国航空工业发展的需要。     

大型飞机穿越微下击暴流风场的实时仿真(英文)

为在飞行模拟器中高逼真度地模拟在扰动风场中的飞行,研究了大型飞机在起飞着陆阶段遭遇微下击暴流风切变的实时仿真。基于涡环和Rankine复合涡原理建立了参数化三维微下击暴流模型。通过涡环倾斜和多涡环叠加方法实现了各种复杂微下击暴流风场的模拟。基于Boeing747-100飞机建模数据,系统推导了含风切变影响的六自由度动力学模型,给出了扰动风下气动模型修正的一般方法。对该机遭遇微下击暴流时实施纵向和横侧改出分别进行了控制器设计与仿真。研究结果表明,建立的三维微下击暴流模型可扩展性强,可用于模拟实际复杂风场。含风切变影响的大型飞机动力学模型合理有效。针对飞机从不同位置穿越风场,可采用不同的改出策略。整个模型可应用于飞行模拟器的实时飞行仿真。     

直升机六自由度仿真研究

建立了直升机剐体运动的六自由度仿真模型。用试飞数据进行参数识别，建立了气动导数数据库并以此计算气动力；将仿真结果与试飞结果对比，并进行了直升机机动飞行仿真计算。结果表明：六自由度仿真模型能够得到较好的仿真结果。     

飞行模拟器逼真度与飞行试验

提出了飞行模拟器逼真度与飞行试验的关系,介绍了飞行模拟器逼真度的定义,模拟逼真度的基本要求及与飞行模拟器规范的关系,讨论了模拟逼真度的研究范围和飞行模拟器逼真度对飞行试验所记录数据精度的一般要求及飞行数据的编制原则。     

无人机飞行试验参数辨识研究

针对大型无人机飞行试验,探讨了无人机气动导数的参数辨识过程。根据无人机飞行试验数据特点及模态激励方式,分析并实践了相应的数据处理过程,修正了试飞数据;结合参数的相关性分析,建立了合适的气动模型,进行了气动导数辨识并验证了部分导数,辨识结果是真实可信的。所研究内容对验证和优化无人机空气动力和飞控设计进而合理地评价无人机的性能和品质具有重要意义。     

大型客机纵向飞行品质参数辨识方法研究

为获得飞机的纵向飞行品质参数,分析了时域法和频域法的优缺点,并针对某大型客机的纵向试飞数据特点,实践了相应的数据预处理过程,修正了试飞数据。分别建立了合适的时域气动模型和频域的传递函数模型,应用极大似然法进行参数辨识。计算结果表明,时域法和频域法的计算得到的飞机本体和等效的短周期频率和阻尼比数据基本一致。     

基于物理解算的民用飞机气动参数辨识方法研究

传统的风洞试验与理论计算无法满足建立高精确飞机飞行动力学模型的需求,有必要通过试飞后的气动参数辨识来修正其飞行动力学模型。以极大似然法为代表的传统动态激励气动参数辨识法极大地依赖于激励信号设计、辨识算法等,存在较大的不确定性。本文提出了一种基于物理解算的方法,利用飞机不同飞行条件下的配平数据,从物理机理出发,针对气动静导数条理进行一一解算,并形成了物理解算法的辨识流程和方案。这一方法可为后续动导数的动态激励辨识减少大量未知参数,从而提高了整个气动模型的修正精度和效率。研究结果表明这一方法具有较高的可靠性和准确性。     

综合评价飞行模拟器的一种方法

采用多目标决策理论，根据层次分析法的基本原理，建立了一个多层次的飞行模拟器的综合评价模型，该模型以飞行员的评定和意见作为主要依据，采取两两比较的方式，可对飞行模拟器的逼真度和有效性进行综合评价，该方法对于改进飞行模拟器的逼真度，提高飞行模拟器的模拟有效性有实用意义。     

飞行仿真系统的建模与验证

主要介绍了模型的研究领域和定义，并以飞行模拟器飞行系数数学模型为例，说明了实际－理论模型－计算机模型的建立过程，以及飞行系统的建模、编程、数据的选取及预处理等对飞行模拟器逼真度的影响。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.