飞翼布局无人机着舰飞行动力学分析

飞翼布局无人机具有独特的气动特性,研究飞翼布局无人机着舰飞行动力学特性对设计无人机着舰控制律具有重要意义。针对飞翼布局无人机着舰下滑飞行过程,建立六自由度飞行动力学模型,并通过对着舰飞行轨迹稳定性的分析,根据飞行品质对飞行轨迹稳定性的约束,计算达到一级飞行品质要求的着舰飞行速度。通过配平计算和小扰动线性化处理,得到无人机着舰下滑运动线性模型,并分析无人机纵向和横航向的固有模态特性。结果表明,飞翼无人机着舰下滑过程中,纵向的长、短周期模态及横航向的滚转和螺旋模态收敛但收敛慢,荷兰滚模态发散。     

飞翼无人机进舰下滑纵向固有模态特性研究

针对舰载飞翼布局无人机与常规布局飞行器不同的气动外形,建立无人机飞行状态下附近流场的网格模型,并计算了该型无人机的气动参数。基于插值函数计算得出该型无人机的升力系数、阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数对于迎角变化的曲线。建立纵向小扰动方程进行仿真计算,求解出该型无人机在进舰下滑状态时的固有模态特性。计算结果表明,该模型在配平条件下可用于舰载飞翼布局无人机的着舰气动适配性研究。     

机载视觉和IMU融合的无人机自主着舰研究

针对无人机着舰过程中动-动平台视觉相对定位、定姿难的问题,搭建了一套可模拟不同海况下的无人机着舰物理仿真系统,并进行基于机载视觉和惯性测量仪(IMU)融合的无人机自主着舰研究。使用六自由度转台模拟不同级别下的海况,采用机载视觉检测和跟踪降落平台上的合作标志,计算出无人机相对于标志板的位姿,控制无人机在标志板上空悬停、自主降落到降落平台上。试验结果表明,该方法能为无人机在高海况条件下的自主着舰提供高精度的相对定位数据,并引导无人机实现安全地自主着舰。     

基于线性矩阵不等式的舰载机纵向着舰H∞控制

运用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）的H∞控制理论．将舰载机纵向着舰导引系统的SISO性能要求转化为H∞控制广义模型权函数的选择．设计出H∞输出反馈控制器。以某型舰载机着舰过程进行仿真验证。结果表明，采用H∞控制的着舰导引系统具有良好的着舰下滑轨迹跟踪能力。     

舰尾流环境中载机纵向QFT/TECS控制系统设计

为了消除舰尾流对载机着舰过程产生的影响,同时完成低动压状态下飞行速度与高度的解耦工作,基于定量反馈理论/总能量控制理论(QFT/TECS)设计了纵向着舰控制系统。针对着舰过程中数学模型所具有的不确定因素及舰尾流对下滑航迹的影响,以载机高度变化率为控制对象,使用定量反馈理论结合推力补偿系统进行了内回路鲁棒控制律设计。外回路控制律设计是以总能量控制理论为基础,通过粒子群优化算法对待调控制参数进行寻优,进而实现了对高度、速度等参数的精确控制,完成了载机纵向着舰轨迹与速度的解耦工作。仿真结果表明,该控制律在拥有较强的鲁棒性的基础上具有良好的解耦控制能力,实现了载机着舰段的高度与速度的解耦控制,明显提高了载机对着舰轨迹的跟踪能力,可满足不确定条件下载机的着舰要求。     

基于参考轨迹的 无人机自主着陆控制系统设计与仿真

针对无人机以不同载荷自主着陆时,固定的纵向参考轨迹线不能满足着陆速度及其他着陆参数对轨迹的要求的问题,文章根据无人机不同的飞行性能和着陆性能要求,设计纵向着陆轨迹,结合着陆过程的控制逻辑,设计控制律。并通过Matlab/Simulink建立无人机的自主着陆阶段的仿真模型,验证了设计的着陆轨迹和着陆控制律满足着陆性能要求。     

具有甲板运动预估的三旋翼无人机着舰研究

在无人机着舰的最后阶段,舰船的甲板运动严重威胁着无人机的着舰安全,其中沉浮和横摇运动威胁最大.首先介绍了三旋翼无人机的建模方法、控制律以及模拟的甲板运动模型;在此基础上,针对舰船甲板运动对无人机安全着舰的影响,提出了抗舰船横摇/沉浮的着舰控制方案;最后,对控制方案下的着舰性能进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,该控制方案可以满足着舰指标要求.     

舰载无人机精确着舰轨迹控制及飞行验证

舰载无人机回收是整个飞行中最困难的任务之一。在建立舰载无人机控制系统基础上,着重设计了纵向控制增稳系统和自主飞行控制系统。为保证着舰精度,引入光学导引着舰,通过试飞验证了光学引导系统的速度、精度可以满足无人机自动下滑着陆要求,其平均落地点偏差与差分GPS相当。     

舰速和风速对舰载机下滑着舰性能的影响

为了研究舰速、风速对舰载机下滑着舰时下滑角和下沉率的影响,从舰载机着舰过程的运动方程着手,通过着舰过程情景模型的建立,分析了舰速和风速对着舰性能的影响。结果表明,风速、舰速影响下实际下滑角和下沉率会变小,并与舰速、风速呈线性关系,该结论为舰载机下滑着舰提供了设计依据。     

舰载无人机撞网回收自适应制导技术

针对无人机自动着舰撞网回收过程中目标舰船处于运动状态的特点,借鉴导弹导引律的比例导引法提出了基于视线角的制导律,并引入反步法的设计思想以提高制导律的自适应性。基于视线角的制导律使无人机的轨迹倾斜角变化率与视线角变化率成比例,通过控制视线角来跟踪下滑轨迹倾斜角。采用该导引律可以减小无人机运动对目标舰船参数变化的敏感性,从而获得较为稳定的下滑轨迹。仿真结果表明了该制导律的可行性,并且该制导律具有较强的鲁棒性。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.