惯性平台中星敏感器安装误差标定方法研究

提出了一种基于星光/惯性平台系统中星敏感器安装误差的地面标定方法,利用高精度的星模拟器,模拟远处恒星,将星敏感器主光轴对准星光,通过测量恒星与平台台体六面体的位置坐标,经过坐标转换后,对比得到星敏感器在惯性平台中的安装误差.实验数据表明,该方法可准确测量出星敏感器在星光/惯性平台中的安装误差角,实现误差的精确标定.     

一种星敏感器-陀螺组合定姿的实时在轨标定方法

研究了一种星敏感器一陀螺组合定姿方式中的姿态敏感器误差的实时在轨标定方法。首先,选择直观的欧拉角作为姿态描述参数,根据星敏感器和陀螺的测量原理建立星敏感器一陀螺在轨标定的测量方程和状态方程,并以此建立数学模型。其次,采用简单高效的EKF（ExtendedKalmanFilter,扩展卡尔曼滤波）作为估值算法,进行了在轨标定数值仿真。对于航天器姿态定向中出现的姿态角和星敏感器安装角之间的耦合问题,通过在特定姿态通道上施加简单姿态机动实现了解耦。数值结果表明,该实时在轨标定方法,尤其是所提出的姿态角和星敏感器安装角解耦策略,可以实现对航天器姿态的实时精确估计以及对星敏感器安装误差、陀螺常值漂移和相关漂移等误差的实时在轨标定。该方法可用于航天器姿态测量设备的实时在轨标定和航天器姿态的高精度实时确定。     

SINS辅助的星敏感器在线标定方法

航天器在飞行过程中,星敏感器受到外界温度、地面标定精度等因素影响存在较大的安装误差,这将严重影响星敏感器的定姿精度。为提高星敏感器精度,对其安装误差进行严格的在轨实时标定与修正是确保星敏感器测量精度的关键。提出了一种SINS辅助的在线标定方法,将SINS/星敏感器输出的姿态信息进行配准,构建了组合导航系统的Kalman滤波模型。该方法只需航天器在飞行过程中做简单的机动,即可对星敏感器的安装误差角进行实时在线标定。仿真结果表明,采用该标定方法可使星敏感器和惯导的安装误差角的总体估计率达到95%以上,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

空天飞行器星敏感器安装误差在线标定方法

空天飞行器高动态、长航时的运动特性可能导致一体化安装的惯性/天文组合导航系统中星敏感器与惯导间产生安装误差角。设计了一种星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方法,建立了星敏感器安装误差角模型,设计了基于天文角度观测的星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方案,分析了不同机动飞行方式下星敏感器安装误差角的可观测度。仿真结果表明,所设计的基于卡尔曼滤波的动态辨识方法能够在飞行器机动过程中快速地对星敏感器安装误差角进行在线标定,对安装误差角的标定值可以达到实际误差值的85%以上,有效地提高了组合导航系统的精度。     

空天飞行器星敏感器安装误差在线标定方法

空天飞行器高动态、长航时的运动特性可能导致一体化安装的惯性/天文组合导航系统中星敏感器与惯导间产生安装误差角。设计了一种星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方法,建立了星敏感器安装误差角模型,设计了基于天文角度观测的星敏感器安装误差角动态辨识方案,分析了不同机动飞行方式下星敏感器安装误差角的可观测度。仿真结果表明,所设计的基于卡尔曼滤波的动态辨识方法能够在飞行器机动过程中快速地对星敏感器安装误差角进行在线标定,对安装误差角的标定值可以达到实际误差值的85%以上,有效地提高了组合导航系统的精度。     

星敏感器安装误差标定技术研究

星敏感器是一类具有自主高精度姿态测量能力的仪器,输出姿态精度可达到角秒级。但实际组合导航应用中,星敏感器安装误差往往可达角分级,远远大于仪器本身误差,影响其使用品质,因此有必要在使用前对星敏感器安装误差进行建模标定。研究发现,星敏感器安装误差与惯导姿态误差存在耦合关系,难于分离。设计了一种快速标定方法,利用惯导输出姿态、位置信息以及星敏感器姿态输出构造观测量,建立卡尔曼滤波模型,通过滤波估计实现安装误差的地面标定。仿真结果表明,载体需要进行2个轴向上的机动才能将星敏感器三轴安装误差估计出来。相较于依靠外部基准姿态进行标定的方案,本方法具有快速高效、可操作性强等优点。     

考虑星敏感器安装误差的弹道导弹捷联星光/惯性复合制导

弹道导弹捷联星光/惯性制导是在惯性制导基础上辅以星光修正的一种复合制导方法，能够显著提高导弹制导精度。由于星敏感器捷联安装在弹体上，安装误差会影响恒星测量的精度，进而影响复合制导精度，为此提出一种在线辨识并修正星敏感器安装误差的复合制导方法。建立了星敏感器观测量与数学平台失准角、星敏感器安装误差的关系方程，在导弹主动段关机后测量3颗独立的恒星获得6个观测量，利用最小二乘法估计出失准角和星敏感器安装、误差。改进了星光/惯性复合制导的最佳修正系数确定方程，直接修正了星敏感器安装误差的影响。数值仿真结果表明：所提方法可以有效地估计平台失准角和星敏感器安装误差，提高了捷联星光/惯性复合制导的精度。     

MEMS加速度计组合在分度头上的标定方法

提出了一种在分度头上标定MEMS加速度计组合的测试方法,该方法可以标定出加速度计组合的刻度系数误差、加速度计零偏、三轴不正交度误差、安装误差角,同时可以分离出分度头转位机构角位置误差.首先通过建立一系列坐标系,推导了重力加速度在加速度计敏感轴的分量表达式.然后采用谐波分析法给出了误差标定方程,利用最小二乘法和Kalman滤波器进行误差参数的估计,并对估计结果进行了对比分析.最后通过三次独立实验标定结果的重复性和残差验证了该方法的正确性.     

捷联惯导与里程计组合导航系统标定方法研究

捷联惯导/里程计组合导航系统中,里程计的刻度系数和相对惯组的安装误差角的标定是影响组合导航精度的关键因素.根据工程应用情况,提出经典标定方法和卡尔曼滤波标定方法,并对两种方法进行比较.在标定出刻度系数和安装误差角后,将该数据装订到惯组中进行车载试验验证,将里程计解算的速度和位置与GPS实测值进行比较.试验结果表明:跑车...     

弹载大视场星惯组合深度融合导航技术

为了降低弹载星惯组合（Stellar-INS）飞行中段对调姿观星的要求，提高星惯组合姿态精度，提出了大视场（LFOV）星惯组合深度融合导航方法。小视场（NFOV）星敏感器输出星矢量为主，大视场星敏感器可同时输出姿态和星矢量信息，分别推导了基于星敏感器输出姿态和星矢量信息的观测方程，分析了星矢量和姿态观测方法之间的关联性。建立了包含星惯安装误差、陀螺误差以及初始平台误差角的星惯组合全误差项模型，基于线性卡尔曼滤波给出了深度融合导航方法。开展了数学仿真验证，分析了不同调姿观星路径约束下，大/小视场星惯组合性能差异。结果表明，大视场星惯组合深度融合导航方法不仅可以降低调姿观星约束要求，还可以实现组合姿态性能提升。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.