A search for narrow band signals with SERENDIP II: a progress report

Commensal programs for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), carried out concurrently with conventional radio astronomical observing programs, can be an attractive and cost-effective means of exploring the large multidimensional search space intrinsic to this effort. Our automated commensal system, SERENDIP II, is a high resolution 131,072 channel spectrometer. It searches for 0.49 Hz signals in sequential 64,700 Hz bands of the IF signal from a radio telescope being used for an astronomical observation. Upon detection of a narrow band signal with power above a preset threshold, the frequency, power, time, and telescope direction are recorded for later study. The system has been tested at the Hat Creek Radio Astronomy Observatory 85 ft telescope and the NASA-JPL Deep Space Station (DSS 14) 64 m telescope. It is currently collecting data at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory 300 ft telescope.     

System of maintaining the thermal regime of a space radio telescope

We present the results of developing a system of thermal regime maintenance for the onboard complex of scientific instruments of the space radio telescope installed on the Spektr-R spacecraft. The structure of the system of thermal regime maintenance is presented that includes a set of autonomous systems of constructive elements of the radio telescope. Basic schemes and composition of aggregates are presented, and main principles of operation of the autonomous systems supporting the thermal regime of the radio telescope are considered.     

空间光学望远镜在轨建造中的结构机构技术

围绕空间光学望远镜在轨建造中的结构机构技术进行分析,重点包括结构机构相关的关键技术基本概念和技术特点,分别对大型望远镜空间结构拓扑构型优化及模块技术、光机结构机构的高精度展开调整及锁合技术、典型光机元件的在轨增材制造技术、机器人辅助自主精密装配及控制技术进行了技术内涵及先进技术途径分析.最后展望了在轨建造中结构机构技术...     

空间红外望远镜(SIRTF)

文章介绍了空间红外望远镜装置SIRTF(SpaceInfraredTelescopeFacility)的用途 ,详细介绍了SIRTF上携带的低温望远镜装置CTA(CryogenicTelescopeAssembly)和 3台成像仪器 :红外阵列相机IRAC(In fraredArrayCamera)、红外光谱仪IRS(InfraredSpectrogram)和多谱段成像分光计MIPS(MultibandImagingPho tometerforSIRTF)。     

地基光学图像中本体-帆板结构航天器姿态估计方法

提出一种利用地基光学图像估计空间目标姿态的方法。针对本体-帆板结构航天器外形结构特点，定义了一种不易遮挡的两轴结构特征，设计了地基光学图像中该特征的提取方法；根据航天器成像过程建立了特征点二三维几何投影方程，实现了航天器三维姿态的解算。利用单站序列图像，可获得航天器姿态变化角速度信息。在轨航天器的试验结果表明，本方法能有效地从地基光学图像估计出航天器姿态。     

成像光谱仪宽视场离轴三反望远系统的光学设计

视场宽、结构紧凑、质量轻是空间光学系统设计研究的热点。文章从离轴三反望远系统的应用技术指标分析、设计思想、设计流程及光学系统优化4个方面,研究了成像光谱仪用宽视场、大相对孔径离轴三反消像散望远系统的设计问题,设计出一个光谱范围0.4～2.5μm、焦距f′=700mm、相对孔径f′/4、线视场角20°的离轴三反望远系统,次镜为球面,主镜和三镜非球面最高次数为4次,在Nyquist频率27.8对线/mm处,调制传递函数值均大于0.87。     

Spacecraft images obtained with a telescope at the Altai Optical Laser Center using adaptive optics

We present the results of experiments in which low-orbit spacecraft were observed from the Earth’s surface by the 600-mm optical telescope of the Altai Optical Laser Center. Thanks to the use of an adaptive optical unit, the angular resolution of images obtained is limited only by diffraction on the collective aperture of the telescope, and this angular resolution is better than that determined in a turbulent atmosphere without adaptive optics by a factor of 5 to 10.     

Space missions for SETI.

Radio Telescopes for SETI searches are less demanding than general purpose astronomical radio telescopes. This provides an opportunity to exploit economical approaches in designing SETI systems. Radio Telescopes in low Earth orbit offer no discernible advantages to SETI; indeed, they probably would perform more poorly than a telescope in any other location. Telescopes in geosynchronous orbits would be sufficiently far from Earth to mitigate greatly the deleterious effect of human radio transmissions. Telescopes on the far side of the moon would be superb both from a radio interference standpoint, and from a civil engineering standpoint. Single-reflector telescopes as large as 50 kilometers in diameter could be constructed with conventional materials. However, their costs appear prohibitive. The asteroid belt and the outer solar system are unpromising places to place a large radio telescope. Perhaps the ultimate radio telescope would utilize the sun as a gravitational lens, focusing radiation on free-flying 10-meter class or possibly larger radio telescopes located at distances of the order of 1000 A.U. from the sun. Such a combination has an energy collecting area at 10 centimeters wavelength equivalent to that of a radio telescope about 11 kilometers in diameter, or of the order of 3000 Arecibo radio telescopes. Such a system could detect transmitters with EIRP of the order of a gigawatt at a distance of the order of the distance to the galactic center.     

基于空间光学探测的空间目标星等特性分析研究

利用STK对空间目标的轨道特性分析,模拟了太阳与空间目标观测面的夹角,空间目标 在光照区的时间和空间光学望远镜与空间目标的夹角。利用黑体辐射定律,计算太阳在可见 光区域的能流密度,通过建立平面目标可见光辐照度模型,推导了空间目标到达空间光学望 远镜的辐照度模型,建立了一种计算空间目标等效星等模型。通过建立的模型可以对正常工 作的卫星和失效卫星判断区分。     

天籁射电阵的空间碎片探测性能分析

提出以曲靖非相干散射雷达作为一种可能的发射源与天籁射电阵组成一套双基地雷达空间碎片探测系统，对该系统的空间碎片探测性能进行计算与仿真分析，包括可探测目标雷达散射截面积(RCS)、天籁射电阵对空间目标与碎片探测时间、探测效率等。分析表明，该系统具有探测直径10 cm以下级空间小碎片的潜力，并在最后提出了一种基于该系统的交叉波束的确定方法及对空间碎片定位的方法。     

Operation of the Spektr-R orientation system

Errors in pointing and sustaining Spektr-R are estimated based on the data of star sensors and an angular velocity vector meter, and the calculated values are compared with the observed values. It has been indicated that the achieved pointing accuracy is significantly better than the required accuracy and is independent of the number of star sensors used for this purpose; finally, the stabilization parameters correspond to the anticipated parameters. The original method for processing adjustment observations of the space radio telescope in the 1.35-cm range used to find a systematic deviation of 2.5′ of the telescope real electric axis from the nominal angular position has been described.     

The first SETI observations with the Allen telescope array

The Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence (SETI) finally has its own full-time telescope. The Allen telescope array (ATA) in Northern California was dedicated on October 11, 2007. This array, which will eventually be composed of 350 small radio antennas, each 6.1 m in diameter, is being built as a partnership between the SETI Institute and the University of California Radio Astronomy Laboratory. Last October, Paul G. Allen (who provided the funds for the technology development and the first phase of array construction) pushed a silver button and all 42 antennas of the current ATA-42 slewed to point in the direction of the distant galaxy M81. Specialized electronic backend detectors attached to the ATA began making a radio map of that galaxy and simultaneously began SETI observations of HIP48573, a G5V star near M81 on the sky and a distance of 264 light years from Earth. The Allen telescope array will greatly improve the speed of conducting SETI searches over the next few decades, and it will allow a suite of different search strategies to be undertaken. This paper summarizes some of the earliest SETI observations from the array, and describes the search strategies currently being planned.     

Physical Calibrations of the FREND Instrument Installed Onboard TGO Martian Orbiter

Cosmic Research - The article presents results of ground calibrations of the FREND neutron telescope installed onboard the TGO spacecraft of the Russian-European ExoMars project. The main goal of...     

航天多光谱扫描仪物方摆镜尺寸的确定

本文讨论多光谱扫描仪中扫描摆镜尺寸的计算方法,给出摆镜参数和望远镜参擞之间的尺寸关系。     

Synthesis of a combined system for precise stabilization of the Spektr-UF observatory: II

The paper presents the second part of the results of search studies for the development of a combined system of high-precision stabilization of the optical telescope for the designed Spectr-UF international observatory [1]. A new modification of the strict method of the synthesis of nonlinear discrete-continuous stabilization systems with uncertainties is described, which is based on the minimization of the guaranteed accuracy estimate calculated using vector Lyapunov functions. Using this method, the synthesis of the feedback parameters in the mode of precise inertial stabilization of the optical telescope axis is performed taking the design nonrigidity, quantization of signals over time and level, and errors of orientation meters, as well as the errors and limitation of control moments of executive engine-flywheels into account. The results of numerical experiments that demonstrate the quality of the synthesized system are presented.     

On the assurance of the design accuracy of the space radio telescope RadioAstron

The results are given of the theoretical calculations and the results of measurements of the shape of the reflecting surface of the space telescope conducted during the manufacture of individual elements and assembly of the product as a whole.     

Antenna feed unit for the RadioAstron project

The design and parameters of the antenna feed unit in the ranges of 6, 18, and 92 cm are described. The unit was designed and manufactured for the RadioAstron space telescope with a diameter of 10 m. The parameters and test results are presented.     

Modelling of the optical observations of a geosynchronous fragmentation event

A study of the evolution and optical detectability of a fragmentation debris cloud in geosynchronous orbit has been carried out. The 1998 NASA breakup model has been used to generate orbit data for 95 fragments larger than 10 cm size from a 1000 kg satellite. The orbital evolution of these fragments is studied using a precision numerical propagator, employing a high-fidelity force model. Although the fragments rapidly disperse throughout the geostationary arc, they remain localised in right ascension of ascending node and inclination, and are driven along a narrow inertial corridor by luni-solar perturbations. The ESA PROOF software is used to study the detectability of the fragments using a 1- and 0.5-m telescope design. The 1-m telescope can detect 82% of the fragments (down to 13 cm in size) whilst the 0.5-m telescope can detect 39% of the fragments (down to 30 cm size). Due to the large along-track spread of the fragments, a time limit of 1-month post-breakup can be established for a space surveillance system to catalogue the breakup fragments. After this time the angular separation is such that the fragments disperse into the background population, and are no longer distinguishable as originating from a common breakup event.     

气浮台在卫星控制系统仿真中的应用

本文叙述单轴和三轴气浮台仿真设备在卫星控制系统仿真中的应用,主要包括空间太阳望远镜高精度姿控系统单轴气浮台物理仿真试验研究、大型卫星平台单框架控制力矩陀螺(CGCMG)控制系统三轴气浮台物理仿真试验研究、东方红四号卫星控制系统全物理仿真试验.     

空间太阳X射线成像望远镜技术

阐述了空间太阳X射线成像望远镜(SXT)在近地环境空间天气观测中的作用和意义。介绍了国内外SXT技术的发展和应用情况，分析了仪器的工作原理、主要观测目标和应具备的基本功能以及关键部件。