世界无人机和巡航导弹用发动机发展概况

简述了世界上无人机和巡航导弹用发动机的研制历程 ,分析了弹用小型发动机未来的发展趋势。     

飞行器气动-隐身综合性能评估的灰关联度分析模型

 采用结构化网格和求解Navier-Stokes方程的方法,进行了无人机和巡航导弹气动性能计算,并数值模拟了其气动流场,所得结果与工程实际现象吻合;分别建立了无人机和巡航导弹的曲面及面劈模型,根据GRECO-WM方法,计算了其表面全向雷达散射截面(RCS)值;基于灰色系统的灰关联度分析理论,提出了气动-隐身综合性能的量化评判模型,并对2种无人机和3种巡航导弹的综合性能进行了评价,得到了对工程设计具有参考价值的结论。     

小型航空发动机的新用途

随着世界航空工业发展以及一些国家对武器装备的要求,小型航空涡轮发动机发展很快,产品的种类和型号大大增加,已经形成系列产品。制造技术也逐渐成熟,应用领域不断扩大,除用于小型飞机、直升机、无人机、靶机、巡航导弹、飞机辅助动力装置外,近年来又出现了新的应用领域——发烟机。小型航空涡轮发动机(以下简称小型机)的广泛应用,不仅为小型机的发展创造了条件,而且也使小型机的社会效益和经济效益大大提高。     

小型涡轮风扇发动机F107-WR-100的设计特点和实验研究介绍

巡航导弹目前主要作为一种低空突防武器,以亚音速或跨音速作超低空、远距离飞行。由于巡航导弹要求机身小,因此,对动力装置提出了尺寸小,结构紧凑的要求。而小型涡轮风扇发动机成为一种理想的动力装置。 本文介绍美国波音公司空中发射巡航导弹AGM-86A上小型涡轮风扇发动机F107-WR-100的设计特点和实验研究。海上发射巡航导弹小型涡轮风扇发动机P107-WR-400型其结构、性能与F107-WR-100大同小异。     

巡航导弹/无人机两用混合飞行器

面对未来的网络中心战作战方式的发展,巡航导弹和无人机的作用和任务已经变得越来越模糊,为此洛克希德·马丁公司等一些国防合同商正在研制一种兼有巡航导弹/无人机功能的混合飞行器和能进行超远程攻击的新型导弹。     

大型察打一体无人机发动机能力需求分析

大型察打一体无人机能够更好地兼顾侦察、打击、信息传递等功能,是世界范围内军用大型无人机发展的主要方向之一。无人机用发动机在使用方式、监控维护方面与有人机发动机有显著区别,为了分析起飞质量为15～20 t的大型无人机对发动机的基本性能、能力需求和研制模式,采用基于飞机的约束分析和任务分析的方法对发动机基本性能进行计算分析,结果表明：起飞质量为15～20 t的无人机所需发动机的安装推力为39～79 kN。结合有人和无人飞机使用区别,提出大型无人机9个应用场景对应发动机的11个能力领域。在充分考虑中国自主研制发动机交付数量和使用现状基础上,提出了发展低成本无人机动力的“1+N”模式发展技术途径。     

电控汽油喷射改善小型无人机发动机性能的研究

电控汽油喷射能有效地改善发动机的性能,特别对小型无人机发动机,可以实现空中飞行过程中对发动机各参数的实时控制。本文以试验研究为手段,介绍了电控汽油喷射在小型无人机发动机上应用研究的初步成果,然后从理论上分析了电控汽油喷射改善发动机性能的因素和潜力,并且强调了它在小型无人机发动机上应用的重要性。     

高空长航时飞翼无人机用涡扇发动机关键技术

自无人机诞生并应用于实战以来,无人机技术得到了迅猛的发展。随着各领域高科技技术的进步,战场环境趋于复杂,作战任务向高危对抗战场拓展,高空长航时飞翼无人机成为各国研究的热点。本文论述了高空长航时飞翼无人机对涡扇发动机的要求,结合航空发动机基本原理分析了关键设计参数对涡扇发动机性能的影响,总结了高空长航时飞翼无人机用涡扇发动机面临的关键问题及研究进展,对于高空长航时飞翼无人机用涡扇发动机的选型及适应性改进设计具有重要的参考价值。     

军用无人机发动机维修保障特点及发展趋势

通过对4款典型军用无人机发动机的概况和主要特征进行分析,提出了军用无人机发动机维修保障的特点及发展趋势。     

微型涡轮发动机的现状和发展前景

微型涡轮发动机是航空发动机的一个新领域。这类发动机的推力为数十至数百牛,功率为数瓦至数百瓦。它们在设计思想、参数选择、部件形式、结构支撑、材料工艺及研制等方面均有其特点,将越来越广泛地用作靶机、小型无人驾驶飞机和巡航导弹的动力装置。在国内外均具有广阔的发展和应用前景。     

Mission/flight systems integration study: a long-term electronicsplanning project

The objective of the Mission/Flight System Integration Study (M/FSIS) is to identify the requirements and development objectives for electronics systems technologies and conceptual architectures in future weapon system applications (in and around the year 2005), based on analyses of future missions, threats, scenarios, aerospace system concepts, and technology trends. The products are substantiated requirements for future electronics functions, systems, and architecture; technology development objectives and roadmaps; and conceptual electronics architectures and functional definitions. The study outputs will serve to guide laboratory technology development planning and programs; guide weapon system program office long-range electronics planning; illustrate user needs in terms of electronics requirements; and guide air logistics center weapon-system master planning     

Detailed Design of a High Speed Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator for More/All Electric Aircraft

The basic concepts and advantages of more/all electric aircraft (M/AEA) are briefly addressed. The combined starter/generator (CS/G) system is introduced as a key technology to enable M/AEA. Some important performance requirements for CS/G system are obtained. Based on these requirements, a high speed switched reluctance machine (SRM) is designed to operate as a starter/generator. The entire design process is mainly divided into two stages: electromagnetic design and thermal design. In electromagnetic design stage, the electromagnetic structure and dimensions of the machine and the number of phase winding turns per pole are obtained; the topology and main technical details of the converter are briefly introduced as well. In thermal design stage, a liquid-cooling system is designed based on the thermal analysis of the machine. In the end, the performances of the designed SRM are basically verified by simulation. To get high performances, the exciting angles are optimized in two different operating modes respectively, and the optimized performances in the motoring mode are given as well.     

某涡扇发动机多级高负荷风扇/压气机气动性能数值模拟

针对某涡扇发动机高空低雷诺数下的应用需求,利用Numeca三维数值模拟软件对其多级高负荷风扇/压气机进行地面0km及高空21km工况下各转速的气动性能评估和流场分析.结果表明:该4级风扇的三维数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好,仿真精度能够满足工程精度要求,从0km升至21km,风扇进口叶弦雷诺数从106降至105量级,风...     

New ATC requirements phasing in preparation for the C-17 GATM/NAV safety functions to meet civil requirements

For the next 10 years new worldwide communication, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) requirements are being incrementally imposed upon commercial aircraft avionics, and upon the Air Traffic Control community, by the Aviation Administrations of most nations, including the FAA and the JAA. These requirements are the result of a decade of study by the United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to improve aviation safety and efficiency. In 2001, the USAF mandated compliance to the CNS requirements for its military aircraft, which is called Navigation Safety/Global Air Traffic Management (NS/GATM) by the USAF. By complying with these requirements, the C-17 will maintain its ability to fly internationally without CNS restrictions, such as requiring special handling. The Phase I study reported herein is the first phase of a three-phase study effort that will result in the C-17 achieving NS/GATM compliance for a specific set of NS/CNS requirements.     

Radar-assisted collision avoidance/guidance strategy for planarflight

We propose a radar-assisted collision avoidance/guidance strategy (RACAGS) for flight vehicles on low altitude missions. The task of obstacle avoidance and guidance are integrated in a single collision avoidance/guidance strategy. The avionic aids and computational requirements are modest as the strategy mainly depends on range-map and inertial system information. The strategy is first implemented in a planar scenario and then extended to three-dimensional and nominal trajectory following flight scenarios. Several simulation studies are presented for illustration     

运输类飞机防冰除冰适航取证分析

飞机的防冰除冰能力对飞机在恶劣天气下的飞行安全有重要影响,是适航审定中十分重要的一环。通过对运输类飞机防冰除冰系统有关适航标准、相关技术性文件、咨询通报及运输类飞机防冰除冰系统适航符合性验证方法的研究,介绍了CCAR25R4（草案）中对飞机不同部件、系统的除冰防冰要求,适航性验证时对大气结冰环境参数的要求;并对几类常规的飞机防冰系统试验进行综述,对大飞机防冰除冰系统的适航取证工作提供一定的指导意义。     

Microminiature Loran-C Receiver/Indicator

A Loran-C Receiver is used as an example to show how an analog system could be converted to a digital one to take advantage of the expanding integrated circuit technology. The digital equivalents of the analog servo elements are described. Criteria for the design of a phase-tracking servomechanism is developed in detail. The Loran performance requirements are used to illustrate their application. The noise performance of a critically damped Type II servomechanism is derived in detail. Since the system will be employed in aircraft, tracking velocity becomes an important consideration. An analysis is made showing that an adaptive control is desirable.     

C/C复合材料抗氧化研究进展

结合国内外近年的研究报道，分别对抗氧化涂层技术以及基体改性技术进行了介绍。重点阐述抗氧化涂层的基本要求、各涂层体系及制备方法。提出了对于C／C复合材料高温氧化保护研究方向的一些看法，阐明了其发展趋势及前景。     

UHF/VHF 频段单极子贴片天线的设计

为了研究有利于共形的超短波宽带天线,首先通过常规设计方案仿真了一款辐射面为椭圆的单极子天线,结果表明,并不能满足带宽的要求。于是在其设计基础上进行天线和馈线的结构优化,最终设计了一款马蹄形单极子印刷天线。该天线引人梯形渐变馈线和倒三角形引流片来改善天线的阻抗匹配,从而展宽工作频带在普通椭圆单极子天线的上端加人2个矩形来增长天线的电流路径,降低天线的最低工作频率。仿真结果表明,天线的工作频段为 150~600 MHz,满足宽带系统的要求,同时天线的E面和日面有较好的对称性和全方向辐射特性。     

Nth-order dynamics target observability from anglemeasurements

Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for the observability of the target's Nth-order dynamics, given direction measurements. The derivations are extremely simple and do not require the examination of an observability matrix or nonlinear differential equations. Previously published observability requirements for the first-order dynamics are shown to be necessary but not sufficient