一种用于弹道导弹助推段的多机协同探测方法

针对远程弹道导弹助推段协同探测问题,在双机协同探测的基础上,提出了一种试探机动轨迹优化与三轴分离IMM-EKF (TASIMM-EKF)滤波算法相融合的多机协同探测方法。首先,考虑到探测无人机自身位置对于目标定位精度的影响,提出了采用试探机动轨迹优化策略对各探测无人机进行轨迹优化。同时,提出了一种三轴分离IMM-EKF滤波算法。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效提高状态估计精度,缩短估计时间,对机动目标状态估计表现出良好的性能。     

联合截获威胁下的雷达射频隐身目标搜索算法

针对基于射频(RF)隐身需求的机载雷达目标搜索问题进行了研究。通过分析实际作战中射频辐射面临的截获威胁,提出了一种基于联合截获威胁的射频隐身性能表征方法,并给出了具体的值估算方法;对机载雷达搜索任务中辐射参数的优化问题进行了建模,并采用优化算法对目标函数进行求解。通过分析典型情景下解集的分布特点,给出了从最优解集中选取最终解的方法。结果表明,提出的射频隐身性能表征方法能更好地反映截获实现过程的多域需求,提出的雷达搜索方法能够在保证探测性能的同时,提高射频隐身性能和搜索速度,能够为相控阵雷达搜索任务中参数的优化控制提供方法和依据。     

空战中机群编队分层优化算法

针对机群编队优化计算复杂的问题,提出了一种分层优化算法。根据敌我双方的距离、角度、速度以及飞机导弹、雷达的性能,建立了多机协同任务分配模型。根据空战中常用的基本飞机队形,对敌方机群编队进行分层,对每层分别计算己方对选取各种基本队形时的任务分配结果和队形优化优势值,通过比较得到己方机群编队的每层最优队形,当得到己方每层的最优队形之后,将己方每层最优队形进行组合解码就可得到己方机群编队的最优队形。仿真结果表明该方法能有效地解决机群编队队形优化问题,并且该算法具有较好的实时性。     

自主多无人机的分散化协同控制

协同前提是无人机(UAV)平台间的通信和信息共享,无人机平台之间信息和计算是高度分布的,无人机平台的运动以及通信拓扑的变化,使得集中式协调控制结构很难实现。以最小通信量为基础的分散协同控制具有可扩展性、异构性和动态可重构性等特点,可靠性和鲁棒性较好。针对多无人机平台分散化协同的特点和要求,建立了集中和分散相结合的多无人机平台协同控制系统结构,集中式任务管理系统主要完成目标分配、通信管理和编队管理功能,分散式协同部分主要实现局部任务规划、协调策略及协调控制等功能。分别以多机协同目标跟踪、多机和多编队一致性协调、多机协同编队控制与重构等多无人机平台分散化协同控制技术为应用对象,探讨了分散化协调机制、策略、控制及其与信息之间关系。给出了部分算法的仿真结果。     

基于分布式模型预测控制的多UAV协同区域搜索

针对多无人机(UAV)协同区域搜索问题展开研究。提出了一种基于分布式模型预测控制(DMPC)的多UAV分布式优化搜索方法。首先基于传统的搜索图模型,建立了多UAV协同搜索的问题描述和状态空间模型,然后在DMPC框架下,将集中式多UAV在线优化决策问题转化为各架UAV的小规模分布式优化问题,采用基于纳什最优和粒子群优化(PSO)相结合的算法实现对每个子系统优化问题的迭代求解。仿真结果表明:DMPC方法能够有效地降低多UAV协同搜索决策问题的求解规模,是一种可行的方法。     

反舰导弹对目标选择的一种新方法

超视距反舰导弹(ASM)在搜索阶段选择预定目标时,目前采用的瞄准点选择方法受自控终点的散布误差和目标机动影响较大。为此提出一种利用舰艇编队相互位置关系(MPR)选择预定目标的方法。编队相互位置关系即其余目标相对参考目标的位置,对于一个编队,选择不同的参考目标得到不同的编队相互位置关系。对发射前装订的编队,以预定目标为参考目标获得其编队相互位置关系,在末制导雷达探测到的编队目标中,若以某目标为参考目标时的编队相互位置关系与之最相似,则该目标即为所要选择的预定目标。该方法不受自控终点散布误差和编队目标整体机动的影响。仿真实验表明该方法正确选择预定目标的概率高于瞄准点选择方法。     

基于 ABMS的无人机编队协同制空任务效能评估

无人机是海空作战的重要力量,制空作战是未来无人机的重要任务之一。为研究无人机编队协同制空作战的制胜机理,评估无人机编队协同制空作战效能:首先,对无人机编队协同制空任务进行分析,明确典型作战过程;然后,采用基于 Agent的建模与仿真(Agent-basedmodelingandsimulation,ABMS)方法,构建攻击型无人机、预警型无人机和空空导弹的 Agent模型,开展多无人机协同制空作战仿真和效能分析。结果表明,无人机探测距离、编队内攻击型无人机的数量,以及编队内有无预警型无人机,这些都将对作战效能产生重要影响,该结论可为无人机协同作战运用提供参考。     

基于Dodgson集结算法的多机协同空战机动决策方法

针对多机编队协同作战空战问题,研究了协同机动决策改进方法.基于Dodgson集结函数,设计了新的协同决策中的机群偏好集结环节,提出了一种基于Dodgson集结算法的多机自主协同空战机动决策方法.典型多机协同空战算例表明,该决策算法能在敌机不机动、初始态势占劣等多种条件下,产生合理有效的机动决策.     

基于脉冲交错的数字阵列雷达任务优化调度算法

针对数字阵列雷达搜索、跟踪和成像任务的资源调度问题,提出一种数字阵列雷达(DAR)任务的优化调度算法。该算法以脉冲交错技术为基础,在对目标搜索与跟踪的同时,利用基于压缩感知的稀疏孔径认知逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法对部分精密跟踪目标成像,并采用观测时间动态调整策略以提高雷达系统的自适应能力。仿真结果表明,与传统雷达资源调度算法相比,该算法可以将成像任务考虑到优化调度模型中并合理分配资源,实现雷达多任务并行的调度,获得更高的资源利用率与期望的成像质量。     

空舰导弹获取舰艇编队形状能力研究

利用舰艇编队形状(SSF)的预定目标选择方法(简称SSF方法)比传统方法具有更好的预定目标选择能力.为了检验SSF方法的适用性,研究了空舰导弹(ASM)获取SSF的能力.首先推导了末制导雷达(TGR)最小方位角搜索范围模型.据此模型可在给定发射距离下计算合适的末制导雷达方位角搜索范围,此方位角搜索范围既能保证编队录取概...     

宽带认知雷达低峰均比波形快速设计算法

发射波形设计是宽带认知雷达系统的关键技术。为了提高宽带认知雷达系统对距离扩展目标的检测性能,建立了目标检测模型,分析了系统的检测性能,在此基础之上研究了基于最大输出信干噪比(SINR)的低峰均比(PAR)波形设计算法。通过将原波形优化问题等效为接收权值与低峰均比波形的联合优化问题,同时利用循环优化的思想,提出了一种低峰均比波形快速设计算法。相比于现有的梯度法以及凸优化算法,该算法所设计的恒模波形信干噪比与二者相当,但算法实现难度明显变小,计算复杂度明显降低。仿真结果证实了算法的有效性。     

Improved target classification using optimum polarimetric SARsignatures

We present a new method for automatic target/object classification by using the optimum polarimetric radar signatures of the targets/objects of interest. The state-of-the-art in radar target recognition is based mostly either on the use of single polarimetric pairs or on the four preset pairs of orthogonal polarimetric signatures. Due to these limitations, polarimetric radar processing has been fruitful only in the area of noise suppression and target detection. The use of target separability criteria for the optimal selection of radar signal state of polarizations is addressed here. The polarization scattering matrix is used for the derivation of target signatures at arbitrary transmit and receive polarization states (arbitrary polarization inclination angles and ellipticity angles). Then, an optimization criterion that minimizes the within-class distance and maximizes the between-class metrics is used for the derivation of optimum sets of polarimetric states. The results of the application of this approach on real synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data of military vehicles are obtained. The results show that noticeable improvements in target separability and consequently target classification can be achieved by the use of the optimum over nonoptimum signatures     

Moving target detection via airborne HRR phased array radar

We study moving target detection in the presence of temporally and spatially correlated ground clutter for airborne high range resolution (HRR) phased array radar. We divide the HRR range profiles into large range segments to avoid the range migration problems that occur in the HRR radar data. Since each range segment contains a sequence of HRR range bins, no information is lost due to the division and hence no loss of resolution occurs. We show how to use a vector autoregressive (VAR) filtering technique to suppress the ground clutter. Then a moving target detector based on a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detection strategy is derived. The detection threshold is determined according to the desired false alarm rate, which is made possible via an asymptotic statistical analysis. After the target Doppler frequency and spatial signature vectors are estimated from the VAR-filtered data as if a target were present, a simple detection variable is computed and compared with the detection threshold to render a decision on the presence of a target. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed moving target detection algorithm     

A novel target detection approach based on adaptive radar waveform design

To resolve problems of complicated clutter, fast-varying scenes, and low signal-clutterratio (SCR) in application of target detection on sea for space-based radar (SBR), a target detection approach based on adaptive waveform design is proposed in this paper. Firstly, complicated sea clutter is modeled as compound Gaussian process, and a target is modeled as some scatterers with Gaussian reflectivity. Secondly, every dwell duration of radar is divided into several sub-dwells. Regular linear frequency modulated pulses are transmitted at Sub-dwell 1, and the received signal at this sub-dwell is used to estimate clutter covariance matrices and pre-detection. Estimated matrices are updated at every following sub-dwell by multiple particle filtering to cope with fast-varying clutter scenes of SBR. Furthermore, waveform of every following sub-dwell is designed adaptively according to mean square optimization technique. Finally, principal component analysis and generalized likelihood ratio test is used for mitigation of colored interference and property of constant false alarm rate, respectively. Simulation results show that, considering configuration of SBR and condition of complicated clutter, 9 dB is reduced for SCR which reliable detection requires by this target detection approach. Therefore, the work in this paper can markedly improve radar detection performance for weak targets.     

相控阵雷达长时跟踪波束调度与波形优化策略

针对相控阵雷达多目标跟踪波束调度和波形参数优化控制的问题，本文提出了一种基于马尔可夫决策过程（MDP）的相控阵雷达跟踪波束调度与波形参数优化策略，该方法以无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）算法为基础来估计目标的状态。首先将本文的序列决策问题建模为马尔可夫决策过程，定义了资源的效费比和长期回报率，然后与当前实际跟踪误差综合考虑作为MDP的回报函数，进而给出了调度的优化模型，最后将长时决策问题转化为动态规划算法结构进行求解，并且提出了一种并行混合遗传粒子群优化算法来求解各决策时刻的最优策略。仿真结果表明了长时策略的先进性以及寻优算法的优越性，与传统的短时策略相比，跟踪精度可提高11.17%。     

机载火控雷达距离拖引目标的交互式多模型跟踪方法

针对机载火控雷达中可能出现的距离门拖引欺骗,给出了一种基于交互式多模型的目标跟踪方法。把该方法和常规的单目标跟踪方法进行了仿真比较。结果表明,该方法能充分利用欺骗回波测量,对释放距离拖引欺骗干扰的目标维持较稳定地跟踪,并能获得较高的目标跟踪精度。     

IMMPDAF for radar management and tracking benchmark with ECM

A framework is presented for controlling a phased array radar for tracking highly maneuvering targets in the presence of false alarms (FAs) and electronic countermeasures (ECMs). Algorithms are presented for track formation and maintenance; adaptive selection of target revisit interval, waveform and detection threshold; and neutralizing techniques for ECM, namely, against a standoff jammer (SOJ) and range gate pull off (RGPO). The interacting multiple model (IMM) estimator in combination with the probabilistic data association (PDA) technique is used for tracking. A constant false alarm rate (CFAR) approach is used to adaptively select the detection threshold and radar waveform, countering the effect of jammer-induced false measurements. The revisit interval is selected adaptively, based on the predicted angular innovation standard deviations. This tracker/radar-resource-allocator provides a complete solution to the benchmark problem for target tracking and radar control. Simulation results show an average sampling interval of about 2.5 s while maintaining a track loss less than the maximum allowed 4%     

Optimal polarimetric detection of radar target in a slowlyfluctuating environment of clutter

It is shown that in a situation where a radar target is distant enough from the radar and is included in a natural or artificial clutter environment in such a manner that the conventional detection methods fail, it is possible to improve the radar detection performance by using appropriate signal processing on two orthogonal polarization states. A CFAR (constant false alarm rate) polarimetric detection system based on the study of the polarization difference between clutter and target is proposed. Since the polarization state of the clutter echoes fluctuates slowly from cell to cell, an autoregressive model can be applied to the components of the polarization vector to predict the detection thresholds needed to follow the polarization state variation. The detection thresholds are determined to maintain a false alarm probability equal to 10^-6. The presence of a target registers as a significant variation of the estimation error of the polarization vector. Results obtained from measurements of simple and canonical targets with artificial clutter are presented, and these results validate the principle of polarimetric detection     

ADS-B用于高精度雷达标定的方法

为了更好地解决高精度雷达标定的问题,提出了基于广播式自动相关监视系统(ADS-B)固定误差及目标回波中心动态修正的雷达标定新方法。首先分析了ADS-B位置数据误差的来源、类型及在雷达坐标系下的特征,同时对民航目标回波中心的变化作了分析建模,在此基础上进一步通过对雷达数据与ADS-B数据之差作动态联合修正,最终估算出雷达系统误差,提高了雷达系统误差标定的精度和稳定性。并利用多批次的实测数据对该标定新方法与其他方法进行了对比验证,结果表明,该方法有效提高了标定的精度和稳定性,并已成功应用于雷达标定设备中。