Present needs,capabilities, and future prospects in rocket technology for space research

The paper is a review of the past, present, and future of rocket technology, relating these to the propulsion requirements for exploration of the solar system. It reviews the U.S.A. approach to planning its launch-vehicle programs for space exploration, covers the present capabilities of the U.S.A. family of launch vehicles, and discusses some technology possibilities for future propulsion systems.     

Progress and future prospects of CFD in aerospace—Wind tunnel and beyond

A historical perspective of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in aerospace in the last 30 years is firstly given. It is shown that there still remain a number of problems that are geometrically simple but difficult to simulate even after many simulations were conducted over complex body configurations. The fact indicates that CFD research is now in the “specific phase” and requires some innovation.The innovation includes “evolutionary effort” and “revolutionary effort”. As an example of evolutionary effort, large eddy simulations/ Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations (LES/RANS) hybrid method and its application examples are presented. A shift from RANS to LES/RANS hybrid method occurs not because of the advancement of computers but because of our recognition that separated flows are inherently unsteady and successful simulations require LES-like computations.Comment is given that there may be other types of research necessary to make CFD a real useful tool for a design in addition to simply showing CFD capability for complex body configurations. As one of the examples, construction of a CFD database is presented. Another issue is to make CFD infrastructures so that people outside CFD community may use CFD as a tool to formulate or refine their ideas.To find out revolutionary effort, the message given by Prof. Dean Chapman in 1977 is referred. Observation of current CFD research reveals that evaluation methods of “scale effect” that were believed to be the most important benefit of CFD have not yet been established. Such establishment is the key for the revolution of CFD and researchers need to focus their effort on the development of technologies to evaluate scale effect. Only with such new CFD technologies can “conceptual design with CFD” become feasible.     

航空蓄电池能量均衡技术研究

航空电池组中单体电池之间会逐渐出现不一致性,会降低电池组性能和使用寿命,甚至引发安全事故。本文提出了一种基于主动均衡的航空蓄电池组能量均衡系统结构,提出了一种能量集中式双向传递的Cúk型均衡电路,设计了顶部均衡和底部均衡的均衡控制策略。开发了航空镍镉蓄电池能量均衡系统,进行了镍镉电池组能量均衡实验分析,实验结果表明新型能量均衡器具有均衡速度快、均衡电池单体可任意选择、能量双向传递的优点,通过电池组能量均衡控制能明显改善电池组内单体之间的不一致性,提高电池组容量利用率和使用寿命。     

U.S. Army battery needs-present and future

The purpose of this paper is to describe the needs of the U.S. Army for silent portable power sources, both in the near and longer term future. As a means of doing this, the programs of the Power Sources Division of the Army Research Laboratory are discussed. In carrying out these programs, the personnel of the Power Sources Division work closely with the Battery Management Office of the Army Materiel Command, which is located in the Logistics and Readiness Directorate of the Communication-Electronics Command (CECOM). We are also closely integrated with the Army Research Office, and the fuel cell personnel of the CECOM Research Development and Engineering Center (RDEC), and the battery personnel of the RDECs for the Tank and Automotive Command and the Missile Command. The six program areas discussed in which the Power Sources Division is engaged are: primary batteries, rechargeable batteries, reserve/fuze batteries, pulse batteries and capacitors, fuel cells, and thermophotovoltaic power generation     

Potential starter/generator technology for future aerospaceapplication

This paper presents a search and comparative review of the literature available on variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) technologies. In particular, most of the progress made in the past ten years, using power electronics and electric machines for VSCF systems is reported. Two VSCF systems, based on induction and switched reluctance machine technologies, are presented. The research on the singly- and doubly-fed induction machines has focused on VSCF for wind power generation; whereas, that on switched reluctance machines has been directly studied as a VSCF technology in aircraft system. Results obtained so far favor the switched reluctance machine over the induction machine. Based on the foregoing comparative review, it is recommended that the induction machine be fully investigated as a VSCF drive in aircraft system. The findings should then be compared with the counterpart SRM system. Issues of comparison may include fault tolerance and redundancy, power density, torque requirements, overload ratings, temperature range and cooling, efficiency and stability over expected operating speed range     

Fiber lasers: A future technology for lasers in space

The constraints of operation in space have largely precluded the use of conventional solid-state laser systems for applications including remote sensing, communication relays, and active laser radars. A new technology, fiber lasers, may offer all of the needed features at an affordable price. An appealing aspect of the fiber laser is that it does not need a rigid optical bench. Only the output end of the fiber need be held in rigid reference to the optical tracking system. Design, fabrication, and testing of the laser resonator is generally the most expensive and longest lead part of the effort for conventional solid-state lasers. Advances in fiber optic technology and devices mean that the fiber laser need not be a simple device but may be a complex system employing sophisticated technology, such as wavelength selective Bragg reflectors and nonlinear optical frequency shifters. Three companies have obtained single-mode outputs of 35 - 40 watts single mode at 1.03 - 1.1 mu.     

AEGIS ORTS-the first and future ultimate integrated diagnosticssystem

The AEGIS Weapon System's Operational Readiness Test System (ORTS) was the predecessor to current Integrated Diagnostic Systems. Evolving from cost effective, diagnostic mix modeling and analysis, it optimally integrated the diagnostic apparatus of the era with AEGIS weapons. As such system's target the 21st century, more complete integration can be achieved. An entire ship, including weapon system, hull mechanical and electrical systems, and propulsion systems can be serviced by a single Integrated Diagnostic System     

Multi-source information fusion:Progress and future

Multi-Source Information Fusion(MSIF), as a comprehensive interdisciplinary field based on modern information technology, has gained significant research value and extensive application prospects in various domains, attracting high attention and interest from scholars, engineering experts, and practitioners worldwide. Despite achieving fruitful results in both theoretical and applied aspects over the past five decades, there remains a lack of comprehensive and systematic review articles that provide an overview of recent development in MSIF. In light of this, this paper aims to assist researchers and individuals interested in gaining a quick understanding of the relevant theoretical techniques and development trends in MSIF, which conducts a statistical analysis of academic reports and related application achievements in the field of MSIF over the past two decades, and provides a brief overview of the relevant theories, methodologies, and application domains, as well as key issues and challenges currently faced. Finally, an analysis and outlook on the future development directions of MSIF are presented.     

空管技术的革新与未来——访霍尼韦尔航空航天集团亚太区航空运输副总裁

对于未来空管系统的发展,美国与欧洲都已经有了自己的下一代空管技术计划。在美国的NexGen计划与欧洲的SESAR发展计划中,霍尼韦尔都有参与并主导部分关键技术的研发,还与FAA合作为NexGen计划制定系统规划。在珠海航展期间,霍尼韦尔航空航天集团亚太区航空运输副总裁戴殊荣(BrianDavis)先生接受了本刊记者的专访,就     

聚酰亚胺管膜成型技术研究进展

分别介绍了螺旋缠绕、金属丝、浇铸、离心浇铸、芯棒气化和挤出等6种聚酰亚胺管膜成型技术。指出了聚酰亚胺管膜成型过程中的关键技术问题和解决途径,并强调研制和开发这一技术的必要性,展望了聚酰亚胺管膜的应用前景。     

Advanced developments in NiH2 Dependent Pressure Vessel(DPV) cell and battery technology

The Dependent Pressure Vessel (DPV) Nickel-Hydrogen (NiH₂ ) design is being developed by Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. (EPI) as an advanced battery for military and commercial, aerospace and terrestrial applications. The DPV cell design offers high specific energy and energy density as well as reduced cost, while retaining the established Individual Pressure Vessel (IPV) technology flight heritage and database. This advanced DPV design also offers a more efficient mechanical, electrical and thermal cell and battery configuration and a reduced parts count. The DPV battery design promotes compact, minimum volume packaging and weight efficiency, and delivers cost and weight savings with minimal design risks     

Technical trends in the future

On the day that Raytheon bought Hughes Electronics, A.N. Chester described how aerospace executives evaluate options for research programs. Their objective is to develop products that have value after the planned work is completed. Big changes are taking place in the environment in which a new commercial product must succeed. By “environment” means the official and unofficial rules created by social pressures, government decisions, industrial activity, and financial activity     

Global avionics in the future

The following topics are discussed: new batteries for old airplanes; new charge controls for lengthening battery life; fast methods for batteries charging; AC conductance measurement based battery testing; pulse power; bipolar lead-acid batteries vs supercapacitors; Ni electrode cells for spacecraft; worn-out battery disposal; recycling technology; vehicle batteries cost; high energy content batteries; and energy storage for electric utilities     

Communications satellite technology and services for the 90's

The history of satellite communications is reviewed, and its future is addressed from the viewpoint of both commercial and military users. Technological advances and new services are discussed. User's requirements are assessed     

波音737创单一年度订单和交付新纪录

截至12月3日,波音已经交付377架737,打破了之前于2010年创下的376架的年度交付纪录。最新交付的737是一架采用天空内饰的美联航737-900ER。10月,737还打破了另一项自己保持的纪录,即2007年单一年度获得846架净订单。今年截至1 2月3日,新一代737和737 MAX共获得1 031架净订单。     

非洲民用运输机场建设现状和发展前景

<正>近年来,中非间政治关系密切,经贸发展迅速,合作富有成效。2012年7月,中非合作论坛第五届部长级会议上,我国政府表示将继续扩大对非援助,将同非方建立非洲跨国跨区域基础设施建设合作伙伴关系,鼓励有实力的中方企业和金融机构参与非洲跨国跨区域基础设施建设。因此,研究非洲运输机场设施的建设现状和发展前景对我国金融机构参与对非投资、建设企业参与非洲工程项目、航空公司构建中非航线网络具有重要意义。     

马蔺在机场绿化中的作用及前景

马蔺(Iris ensata Thunb)别名马莲、马兰花,是鸢尾科鸢尾属多年生草本植物。在我国东北、华北、华东、西南和西北都有分布,多生于沟边、草地和草甸。由于其根系发达,叶片返青早,绿期长,花色淡雅倩丽,近年来逐渐被用作水保护坡和园林绿化的优良材料。但是经多年的观察与研究,笔者认为马蔺不但适宜城市行道绿化、公共绿     

Quality first. A model for TQM implementation and planning

Experience at Harris with managing change through Continuous Improvement (CI) has demonstrated it is a Socio-Technical process... that is, the human elements are crucial and must be addressed before pressing for structural, institutional or technological change. Harris utilizes a five-stage business improvement model. It is not a road map to problem solving, rather it is an analysis and direction-setting framework, which can be applied to virtually any business situation. We have used it to insert major technology advances, characterize multifunctional business processes, solve a problem, develop a new product, improve a service, etc. The model is easy to teach, easy to understand, and easy to follow. It guides the application of the correct set of Continuous Improvement tools at the correct time to achieve the goal