共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
为分析验证卫星编队飞行涉及的相对导航、制导与控制以及星间通信等问题,搭建了编队飞行的地面试验系统,采用了一块3m×4.5m的气浮平台和具有两个平动自由度和一个转动自由度的卫星仿真器分别来模拟低阻力的空间环境和编队飞行的卫星,相对导航采用了视觉相机和室内GPS两种方案,星间通信则通过蓝牙进行模拟。推导了描述仿真器间相对运动的包含参数不确定性的动力学模型,并基于此模型设计了带极点配置的鲁棒H∞控制算法,通过姿态同步和构型保持等仿真实验重点对编队飞行的相对导航、星间通信和相对状态控制进行分析验证,对实际的编队任务具有一定的参考和指导意义。 相似文献
4.
V. A. Pogorelov 《Cosmic Research》2008,46(3):238-243
An approach to the synthesis of an integrated navigation system is considered for a reusable space-craft that performs an arbitrary spatial maneuver under the conditions of internal and external disturbances. The offered approach provides for a noise-suppressing solution of the navigation problem, both in a regular mode of spacecraft motion, and during its descent along the unplanned trajectory. 相似文献
5.
为实现伴飞卫星的自主相对导航,基于C-W方程提出了一种在伴飞卫星轨道系中建立简化的相对运动方程构成星上轨道递推、根据导航敏感器输出进行量测更新的导航滤波器,并利用衰减记忆滤波算法抑制系统模型误差对相对导航结果的影响。仿真结果表明,该滤波算法可实现伴飞星的自主相对导航。它不仅较C-W方程更简单,而且适于模型不准确时的相对导航,工程实现易。 相似文献
6.
Optical navigation for a lunar lander consists of estimating a lander's 3-dimensional (3-D) relative dynamic motion with respect to a preselected landing site using a passive 2-dimensional (2-D) video image sequence. Lunar landing missions require a lander to perform an autonomous accurate landing with simple mechanical structure, easy operation and low cost. These requirements have motivated the need to develop an advanced navigation system. Existing navigation systems trade-off simplicity, accuracy and cost. High accuracy navigation systems typically imply complexity and high cost. In this paper, we consider a scenario where the descending phase starts from an initial altitude of 10 km with a time-of-descent of 100 s. The navigation camera is an off-the-shelf optical instrument used to take the video image sequence of the landing site during the landing phase. It is fed into the motion estimation algorithm to be processed. The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used to analyse each image frame of the input digital video image sequence. The output is a 2-D video image motion trajectory map, which represents the projection motion of the landing site. The 2-D video image motion is projected back to the 3-D lander's relative motion based on a geometric analysis. The outputs of this estimation algorithm are the 3-D attitude motion parameters of the lander at a time corresponding to an image being taken. The attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of the lander uses these data to perform the lander's attitude control task. In this article, we provide the motion modelling for a lunar lander during the descending phase. The projection of a 3-D planar to 2-D image plane is analysed which build the correspondence between the 3-D lander's motion and the 2-D image motion. This link provides the evidence for the geometry analysis. CWT is reviewed and CWT for video image sequence analysis is also introduced. Numerical simulation of the estimated 2-D video image sequence under the lander performing a 3-D translation and yaw rotation during the terminal descent are shown to verify the proposed concepts. The analysis of the results show that the proposed method achieves highly accurate 2-D video image motion estimation of less then 1% error with significant savings of cost, mass and volume. It leads to the accurate estimation of the lander's 3-D relative motion with respect to the landing site. 相似文献
7.
《Acta Astronautica》2014,93(2):444-462
This paper presents a novel six degree of freedom, ground-based experimental testbed, designed for testing new guidance, navigation, and control algorithms for the relative motion of nano-satellites. The development of innovative guidance, navigation and control methodologies is a necessary step in the advance of autonomous spacecraft. The testbed allows for testing these algorithms in a one-g laboratory environment. The system stands out among the existing experimental platforms because all degrees of freedom of motion are controlled via real thrusters, as it would occur on orbit, with no use of simulated dynamics and servo actuators. The hardware and software components of the testbed are detailed in the paper, as is the motion tracking system used to perform its navigation. A Lyapunov-based strategy for closed loop control is used in hardware-in-the loop experiments to successfully demonstrate the full six-degree-of-freedom system׳s capabilities. In particular, the test case shows a two-phase regulation experiment, commanding both position and attitude to reach specified final state vectors. 相似文献
8.
基于UPF的航天器自主天文导航方法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用红外地球敏感器和星敏感器直接敏感地平的天文导航方法是一种成熟、可靠的自主导航方法。这种导航方法的状态方程和量测方程都是严重非线性的,且在建立航天器轨道动力学模型时,通常将二阶带谐摄动项建模,而将其他摄动项等效为高斯白噪声,由于这些摄动项都有其精确的模型,通常不服从高斯分布。本文提出将UPF(Unscented Particle Filter)滤波方法应用于航天器自主天文导航,该方法用UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)得到粒子滤波的重要性采样密度函数,从而克服了标准的粒子滤波没有考虑最新量测信息和UKF只能应用于噪声为高斯分布的不足。仿真结果表明,该方法可以取得比标准的粒子滤波和UKF更快的滤波收敛性和更高的滤波精度。 相似文献
9.
The PRISMA in-orbit test bed will demonstrate guidance, navigation, and control strategies for spacecraft formation flying and rendezvous. The project is funded by the Swedish National Space Board and the prime contractor is the Swedish Space Corporation. The project is further supported by the German Aerospace Center, the Technical University of Denmark, and the French Space Agency. PRISMA was launched on June 15, 2010 and after three weeks of operations, all on-board systems and units have passed an initial commissioning phase. Separation of the two PRISMA satellites from each other is expected by mid-August 2010.PRISMA consists of two spacecraft: MAIN and TARGET. The MAIN spacecraft has full orbit control capability while TARGET is attitude controlled only.The Swedish Space Corporation is responsible for three groups of guidance, navigation, and control experiments. These experiments include GPS- and vision-based formation flying during which the spacecraft will fly in passive as well as forced motion. The three experiments are: autonomous formation flying, proximity operations with final approach/recede maneuvers, and autonomous rendezvous. This paper presents system test results from two of these experiments as obtained with the flight-ready system. The system tests consist of a series of simulations performed on the flight model spacecraft with a large amount of hardware in the loop. 相似文献
10.
E. L. Akim R. N. Arkhangelsky Yu. K. Zaiko S. M. Lavrenov A. L. Poroshin E. G. Ruzsky V. A. Stepaniants A. G. Tuchin D. A. Tuchin V. P. Fedotov V. S. Yaroshevsky 《Cosmic Research》2009,47(4):299-309
Basic concepts and algorithms laid as foundations of the scheme of landing on the Martian moon Phobos (developed for the Phobos-Grunt project) are presented. The conditions ensuring the landing are discussed. Algorithms of onboard navigation and control are described. The equations of spacecraft motion with respect to Phobos are considered, as well as their use for correction of the spacecraft motion. The algorithm of estimation of the spacecraft’s state vector using measurements with a laser altimeter and Doppler meter of velocity and distance is presented. A system for modeling the landing with a firmware complex including a prototype of the onboard computer is described. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
针对GPS/SINS组合导航在复杂环境中出现的卫星信号不全情况,在分析SINS误差模型的基础上建立了组合导航的松组合和紧组合模型,采用无迹卡尔曼滤波对两种组合模式进行仿真实验.仿真结果显示,在卫星信号正常情况下,紧组合的导航精度高于松组合;在卫星信号缺失时,松组合转变为单纯的惯性导航,导航误差随时间积累,紧组合虽然误差增大,但在一定时间内仍能提供精确导航信息,提高了GPS/SINS组合导航适应复杂环境的能力. 相似文献
14.
机载SAR平台在飞行过程中产生的运动误差会导致成像质量下降,利用测量数据提取运动误差是机载SAR运动补偿的重要手段之一。通过对机载SAR运动误差理论的推导,提出一种基于移动最小二乘法的机载SAR成像运动补偿方法,方法借助于惯性导航系统记录的东北天三维速度信息,对其进行处理,进而获得雷达平台的三维空间信息,再与后向投影算法结合,完成SAR成像运动补偿。方法是对最小二乘法进行改进,使其不需要对数据进行分段估计和平滑,还可以保证估计结果的正确性。实验结果验证方法对运动误差估计的准确性和有效性。 相似文献
15.
高速平台对地面强散射移动目标或者海面舰船目标进行合成孔径雷达成像(SAR)时,存在两方面问题:一是传统SAR匀速直线模型已不适应高速平台自身高动态运动特征;二是目标的非合作运动一方面会引起图像散焦,另一方面动目标在地距图中的位置会产生较大偏移。针对这两个问题,首先在匀加速度模型频域相位滤波算法下,推导出了精确的斜地投影关系以及近似的反投影关系,同时给出了基于惯性组合导航(INS)的平台运动补偿方法,最后结合自聚焦技术,完成对舰船目标的聚焦并得到以目标为图像中心的地距图。 相似文献
16.
针对地球中高轨道卫星导航信号不可用或不可信赖情况下的航天器编队自主相对导航问题,提出一种基于星载数据链仅测距的航天器相对导航新方法。首先,在地球非球形J2引力摄动条件下建立适用于椭圆轨道的线性化相对运动动力学模型,并建立基于星载数据链的飞行时间测距模型。然后,通过理论推导与数值仿真结合的方式对建立的仅测距相对导航系统进行可观测性分析,得出至少存在三种镜像模糊轨道的结论。接着,建立可用于提升系统可观测性的几何拓扑一致性约束模型,设计基于一致性无味卡尔曼滤波的分布式估计策略,并研究对应的相对导航误差传播规律。最后,通过标准蒙特卡洛打靶对所提算法进行仿真校验。仿真结果表明,相比于Tschauner Hempel(TH)动力学模型,利用建立的J2摄动相对运动动力学模型设计的仅测距相对导航系统能达到更高的相对导航精度,一致性无味卡尔曼滤波算法也能够有效提高编队导航的可观测性。 相似文献
17.
18.
高轨卫星导航接收机是实现高轨航天器自主定轨的核心设备。为在地面测试阶段对高轨卫星导航接收机进行充分高效的验证,亟需设计基于高轨卫星导航接收机的地面测试系统。设计了一种基于高轨卫星导航接收机的自动化地面测试系统,主要创新点如下:第一,本系统可对高轨卫星导航接收机实际在轨状态下接收到的导航星座信号进行仿真;第二,具有模拟包含北斗三号等多导航卫星星座信号的功能;第三,本系统充分考虑自动化、通用化与一体化设计。提出的基于高轨卫星导航接收机的自动化地面测试系统能够在地面测试阶段对高轨卫星导航接收机进行充分验证,并充分考虑测试实施,从自动化、通用化、一体化方面提升测试效率,减少人为操作失误导致的质量问题,解决人工判读带来的误判漏判问题。 相似文献
19.