热烈庆祝中国航天科工二院二部成立56周年

中国航天科工集团第二研究院第二总体设计部（简称二部）创建于1958年10月8日，是我国最早组建的地空导弹总体设计部，主要承担先进防御导弹武器系统的总体研发、设计、集成与试验等工作。     

防空导弹遥测的过去和现在

我国遥测技术的发展已有近三十多年的历史。解放前国内没有遥测技术,懂无线电的人也不太多。解放后,为了适应航空航天技术的发展,学校开始培养遥测技术人才,研究院开始筹建遥测研究所,并从苏联进口了PTC-6和PTC-3等遥测系统设备。由于防空导弹的发展,原进口的设备已不满足要求。为了型号的需要,上级领导决定:弹上设备研制生产,地面改装任务书提出和全系统验收,鉴定试验由二院二部负责,地面设备由704年按任务书改装。经双方共同努力终于在1965年研制成DWY6丙一3甲系统,通过系统验收试验.鉴定检查,其结果满足系统要求。在1965年至1970年期间,为顺利地进行     

引进八部雷达信号温州多部雷达监控航班

11月23日，温州空管站引进一套雷达自动化系统，该系统引入了上海浦东、上海青浦、合肥、南昌、杭州、福州、厦门以及乐清的八部二次雷达信号，经过综合处理后，提供给空中交通管制员。整个华东上空几乎所有飞机的二次雷达信号尽收眼底。而这些信号中，绝大部分是多个二次雷达信号的综合处理后的信号，只有高度较低的飞机，因地形影响只能有一部雷达覆盖而“单机工作”。     

热烈庆祝中国航天科工集团二院二部成立56周年

<正>中国航天科工集团第二研究院第二总体设计部(简称二部)创建于1958年10月8日,是我国最早组建的地空导弹总体设计部,主要承担先进防御导弹武器系统的总体研发、设计、集成与试验等工作。建部以来.在上级机关的关怀和领导下,在各兄弟单位的大力支持下,二部秉承"国家利益高于一切"核心价值观,发扬"全局、奉献,求实、创新,和谐、高效"的总体精神,一路披荆斩棘,艰苦奋斗,成功研制了多种具有代表性的武器装备,并形成了"探索一代、预研一代、研制一代、生产一代、售后服务保障一代"协调发展格局,成为     

中国航天法律制度研究(下)

二、我国航天立法存在的问题及原因(一)存在的问题1.航天立法位阶不高,与航天产业的整体地位不对称我国目前已有的两部航天活动行政法规《空间物体登记管理办法》和《民用航天发射项目许可证管理暂行办法》,是由当时的国防科学技术工业委员会(简称国防科工委)制定发布并负责解释的,立法位阶不高、立法空白之处甚多,无法满足我国从航天大国向航天强国发展过程中对国民支持、政策重视、资金投入的需要。     

北斗二号卫星系统创新成果及展望

北斗二号卫星导航系统是我国首个面向大众服务的空间基础设施,卫星系统是其中的关键组成部分,研究和总结其关键技术成果对于我国后续卫星导航系统建设具有重要意义。文章概述了我国卫星导航系统建设历程和主要贡献,论述了北斗二号工程特点和卫星系统的创新成果,重点介绍了以混合卫星星座、卫星平台技术、多频段多业务载荷兼容、星载核心产品设计为代表的一批技术成果,总结了北斗二号卫星开展的可靠性专项工作,简要说明了组批生产和高密度测试的经验。最后展望了下一代北斗卫星导航系统的技术发展,将全面提升系统的服务性能和自主运行能力,积极拓展特色服务,以成为国家综合定位、导航与授时(PNT)系统的核心组成部分。     

“长征”四号B成功发射“海洋”二号D星!我国首个海洋动力环境卫星星座来了

正2021年5月19日12时03分,在我国酒泉卫星发射中心,"长征"四号B运载火箭托举着"海洋"二号D星直冲云霄,随后将卫星顺利送入预定轨道,发射取得圆满成功,标志我国海洋动力环境卫星迎来三星组网时代。"海洋"二号D卫星是国家民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划支持立项,由国家自然资源部主持建造的海洋业务卫星。该星由中国空间技术研究院研制,是海洋动力环境监测网卫星之一,     

西北空管局

10月1日,由西北空管局负责建设的西部航路雷达管制工程民勤二次雷达、兰州空管自动化系统和欧亚直飞航路雷达管制工程木寨岭二次雷达飞行校验工作圆满完成。(马玉荣、田凯)10月4日,甘肃空管分局技保部通信室派遣维护人员完成西北空管局航路、区管VHF建设工程嘉峪关VHF系统安装调试。(王小武、文辉)10月9-10日,西北空管局工程建设     

半主动雷达制导(下)

如前所述,对连续波半主动制导导弹的照射有三种不同的方法.其中最为有效的是采用跟踪照射雷达,例如“霍克”地空导弹系统所采用的高功率照射雷达.第二种照射雷达可以受跟踪雷达的控制,后者是一部机械扫描的边搜索边跟踪雷达,或者是一部用电子控制的捷变波束来对多个目标同时跟踪的相控阵雷达.第三种是用一部传统的脉冲跟踪雷达或脉冲多普勒跟踪雷达对目标进行跟     

登月舱用深度变推下降级发动机系统方案研究

在我国的载人登月技术方案中,为实现软着陆,登月舱需要一种大推力、高性能、多次起动,能够大范围变推力的泵压式发动机.通过研究国外登月用下降级发动机技术发展现状和趋势,基于我国氢氧发动机和低温推进剂空间贮存水平,进行了深度变推发动机的系统方案研究;通过分析比对燃气发生器循环和膨胀循环系统优缺点,确定发动机系统方案为涡轮串联闭式膨胀循环;采用空间可长时间贮存的液氧/甲烷推进剂组合,可满足任务周期要求;根据推力深度调节时对各组合件性能要求,确定喷注器燃烧稳定技术和燃烧室身部传热技术是深度变推发动机研制的核心关键技术.     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

复杂受载条件下固体火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力的估计

论文简略介绍了静力轴压下园柱壳屈曲应力的工程计算方法,对某固体火箭发动机壳体的复杂受载条件对壳体屈曲应力的影响进行了分析,并对该火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力如何估计提出了建议。