基于傅里叶变换的航迹对准关联算法

研究了在组网雷达存在系统误差情况下的目标航迹关联问题,理论分析了雷达系统误差对目标航迹的影响,并将该影响表示为目标航迹的旋转和平移量。在此基础上,提出了一种基于傅里叶变换的系统误差配准前航迹对准关联算法,该算法将组网雷达的航迹数据看做为一种整体信息,采用傅里叶变换理论来估计和补偿组网雷达目标航迹数据到融合中心航迹数据的相对旋转量和平移量,将雷达网中雷达上报的目标航迹数据对准到融合中心,从而不依赖于估计雷达网系统误差,实现了误差配准前的航迹准确关联,能够为后端的系统误差配准提供可靠的关联目标航迹数据。     

Model Development and Adaptive Imbalance Vibration Control of Magnetic Suspended System

对星载磁悬浮单框架控制力矩陀螺,建立其转子的平动与转动的动力学方程。所建模型反映了转子的动、静不平衡特性,以及转子运动与框架、星体运动的耦合关系。模型是主动磁悬浮控制与动框架效应分析的基础。对动、静不平衡量未知的转子,设计了自适应对中控制器。在分散PD、比例交叉反馈控制器与高低通滤波器的基础上,通过动、静不平衡量的辨识与补偿控制,使转子绕其惯量主轴旋转,衰减角动量交换执行机构高速转子因不平衡而对基座产生的干扰力,消除星上主要颤振源,达到降低卫星姿态抖动的目的。     

飞机高升力系统扭力管旋转角度测试方法

在飞机地面模拟试验环境下需要测试高升力系统襟翼扭力管旋转角度.由于扭力管属于系统试验件,在不改变试验环境构型的情况下不可截断或更换安装用于测试扭力管旋转角度的旋转编码器.本文利用同步轮法实现了在不破坏扭力管前提下安装旋转编码器测试扭力管旋转角度,方法简单、可靠,且容易实现,很好的满足了试验大纲要求.     

Galaxien vom Magellanschen Typ

In the first part of this paper the morphological structure of Magellanic type galaxies (Irr I) is investigated. The galaxies of Magellanic type present a basic pattern consisting of a disk, a bar, stellar arms, rudimentary or well developed, spiral filaments and condensations in the disk. With the help of this pattern a well-defined classification scheme is set up. The subgroup of Irr II-systems consists of normal galaxies which are more or less tidally disturbed. Bursts of star formation have a great influence on structure and colour of irregular galaxies. Using the ESO-B Atlas, 580 galaxies of Magellanic type (out of a sample of 3187 galaxies) were classified; 57 are new SB(s)m systems (prototype Large Magellanic Cloud). The sample shows dominant bar structures at the classification stages d-, dm-, and m. A striking feature is the asymmetric position of bar and disk. This asymmetry is a general characteristic of galaxies of types SBd-SBm IB. The asymmetry can be discribed by a relative displacement parameter \(\tilde \Lambda \) = 0.78 ±0.15, defined as the quotient of small and great distance of the bar center to the optical edge of the disk. The displacement cannot be explained by tidal interaction with neighbouring galaxies. In the second part of the paper the kinematics and dynamics of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) as the nearest and best-known example of a galaxy of Magellanic type is investigated. The main structural features of the LMC are disk, bar, rudimentary and well developed stellar arms as well as spiral filaments (not necessarily connected with density waves); the γ-structure is a broken up ring structure. Embedded into these features are young, asymmetrically located spiral arm filaments. As an explanation for these structures stochastic start formation in an ordered chain reaction is proposed. The pattern of the spiral arm filaments is determined by the rotation curve. The morphological peculiarities of the LMC can also be detected in other galaxies of that type. The mean absolute displacement of the centers of bar and disk, determined from 18 galaxies, is Λ = 800 pc. The displacement between the bar center and the symmetry center of the rotation curve is of the same order. The presently known radial velocities of planetary nebulae, star clusters, Hi and Hii regions and stars belonging to the LMC have been collected in a catalogue as the basis of a discussion of the kinematics and dynamics of the LMC. Contrary to earlier work, we have used, for the first time, the radial velocities of objects of all subgroups together by a proper weighting scheme. Thus the basic kinematics and dynamics of the LMC has been deduced. The radial velocity field shows no central symmetry; it is characterized by large scale (2–3 kpc) disturbances. By comparison with the velocity field of other galaxies three main disturbances are identified: an oval distortion of the velocity field in the bar region, a radial velocity field around 30 Doradus, and disturbances connected with a warp or material above the disk in the southern quadrants. The results of a detailed numerical analysis of these three facts can be summed up as follows:

1. The rotation curve is determined over 10° diameter; it shows differential rotation, an asymmetric behavior in the south and a double structure in its Hi component. The rotation center is displaced by 0°.7 from the bar center. The orientation of the kinematic line of nodes and the systemic velocity vary as functions of the distance from the center. Therefore, it is possible to show definitely that large scale disturbances (warping, z-structure and streaming motions) are existent.
2. By variation of the kinematical parameters (systemic velocity, inclination, orientation of the line of nodes, rotation center) the dispersion of the measured radial velocities was minimized and the basic rotation curve determined. The rotation curves for the north and south side of the LMC are significantly different. The south side is either warped or there is material above the main plane. There seems to be a connection between this structure, the Panmagellanic Gas and the Magellanic Stream. The north side appears to be free of distorsion.
3. The residual velocity field (observed minus model) deduced from a basic rotation curve shows that the displacement between the rotation center and the bar center is not caused by local streaming motions. The rotation center must be the mass center. The bar shows a radial velocity field; in the 30 Doradus region inward and outward motions are found.

The mean velocity dispersion of population I objects is 10.5 km s^-1 of population II objects 16.0 km s^-1. Red and blue globular clusters show different kinematical behavior. By comparison of eight mass models, taking into consideration thickness effects and controlled by surface photometric data, the mass of the LMC is found to be (0.5 ± 0.1) × 10¹⁰ \(\mathfrak{M}_ \odot \) (assuming the inclination 33°, the systemic velocity 46.9 km s^-1, and the distance 56 kpc). Dynamically, the LMC can be described by a dominating disk potential with an additional bar potential as a disturbance. The mass of the bar is 0.6 × 10⁹ \(\mathfrak{M}_ \odot \) . The stable neutral point of such a configuration can be found in the residual velocity field. The absorption feature crossing the bar coincides with the maximum velocity gradient of the computed radial velocity field in the plane of the system.     

航空发动机叶片高精度自动测量系统

为了解决叶片完整型面自动测量存在的问题,提出了一种叶片高精度自动测量融合系统.系统结合双目三维扫描装置和电控转台,利用高精度校准平面旋转,通过平面拟合、虚拟转轴及角度计算,获取高精度四元数及中心位置坐标后完成自身定位.多次测量数据以中心坐标为中心,进行四元数运算,即可实现叶片实时测量融合.对融合后数据采用阈值迭代就近点(ICP)算法收敛处理消除机械转动误差.结果表明:系统装置综合精度为0.03~0.04mm,可自动、高效、稳定地实现发动机叶片的高精度测量.      

FL-13风洞突风发生装置研究

为在 FL-13风洞中开展飞机全模突风响应试验研究,建立研究所需的突风发生装置,进行了突风发生装置的研究。研究中,从大飞机突风试验需求出发,确定了装置的技术指标,通过数值模拟计算,固化了装置技术指标;通过引导性试验和总体方案对比,选定了单电机驱动双飞轮及曲柄连杆方案;通过动力学分析、结构设计与有限元分析、模态分析和疲劳分析,解决了装置共振、刚度增加困难和安装空间受限等问题;通过装置调试与突风流场考核结果表明,研制的 FL-13风洞突风响应试验装置实现了在来流40 m／s 的风速范围内按正弦规律变化产生突风,模型中心处最大突风振幅达到9 m／s。突风流场的成功模拟,标志着 FL-13风洞具备了开展大展弦比飞机突风响应影响试验研究的能力。     

The relation of Algols and W Serpentis stars

Evidence on the issues of whether the W Serpentis stars are a coherent class, and how they may interface with the Algol systems, is reviewed, with emphasis on the idea that they are semi-detached systems in the latter part of the rapid phase of mass transfer, with optically and geometrically thick disks of transferred gas around the (now) more massive star. We are interested in what will be seen when the gas clears away, and mainly examine the idea that it will be an Algol-type system. More particularly, consideration is given to centrifugally limited accretion as a mechanism to build up a substantial disk, and the presumed evolutionary sequence is from a W Ser to a rapidly rotating Algol to a normal Algol system. Systems such as V367 Cyg and RW Tau fit into this scheme only with difficulty. Because it is extremely difficult to measure the rotation of some W Ser (mass) primaries, it is natural to look at the rotation statistics of Algols to test this idea. The badly behaved light curves and spectroscopy of some Algols (eg. U Cep, RZ Sct) may be attributable to the double contact condition, and the ramifications of this possibility are discussed. If so, the rotation statistics of Algols should show two spikes, corresponding to the two special conditions into which a system should be driven by tidal braking and centrifugally limited spinup. Present rotation statistics do show these spikes. Algols should flip between these states fairly quickly, depending on the mass transfer rate. Thus, to the extent that the meager statistics can be accepted as meaningful, the new (fourth) morphological type of close binary (double contact) has attained demonstrable reality. The rotation statistics are presented in terms of a particular rotation parameter, R, which is zero for synchronism and unity for the centrifugal limit. Future work should develop rotation statistics to see if the rotational lobe-filling (R = 1) spike persists. It should also look into whether W Ser primaries are on the hydrogen burning main sequence, or in general what they are. We also need more light curves of W Ser type systems, high resolution line profiles for the (mass) primaries (with particular attention to the W Ser-Algol transition cases), and spectroscopy of low inclination W Serpentis systems, such as KX And.     

The relation of Algols and W Serpentis stars

Evidence on the issues of whether the W Serpentis stars are a coherent class, and how they may interface with the Algol systems, is reviewed, with emphasis on the idea that they are semi-detached systems in the latter part of the rapid phase of mass transfer, with optically and geometrically thick disks of transferred gas around the (now) more massive star. We are interested in what will be seen when the gas clears away, and mainly examine the idea that it will be an Algol-type system. More particularly, consideration is given to centrifugally limited accretion as a mechanism to build up a substantial disk, and the presumed evolutionary sequence is from a W Ser to a rapidly rotating Algol to a normal Algol system. Systems such as V367 Cyg and RW Tau fit into this scheme only with difficulty. Because it is extremely difficult to measure the rotation of some W Ser (mass) primaries, it is natural to look at the rotation statistics of Algols to test this idea. The badly behaved light curves and spectroscopy of some Algols (eg. U Cep, RZ Sct) may be attributable to the double contact condition, and the ramifications of this possibility are discussed. If so, the rotation statistics of Algols should show two spikes, corresponding to the two special conditions into which a system should be driven by tidal braking and centrifugally limited spinup. Present rotation statistics do show these spikes. Algols should flip between these states fairly quickly, depending on the mass transfer rate. Thus, to the extent that the meager statistics can be accepted as meaningful, the new (fourth) morphological type of close binary (double contact) has attained demonstrable reality. The rotation statistics are presented in terms of a particular rotation parameter, R, which is zero for synchronism and unity for the centrifugal limit. Future work should develop rotation statistics to see if the rotational lobe-filling (R = 1) spike persists. It should also look into whether W Ser primaries are on the hydrogen burning main sequence, or in general what they are. We also need more light curves of W Ser type systems, high resolution line profiles for the (mass) primaries (with particular attention to the W Ser-Algol transition cases), and spectroscopy of low inclination W Serpentis systems, such as KX And.     

一种转子空间弯曲轴线的测试方法及试验验证

提出了一种转子空间弯曲轴线的测试技术。针对某实际弯曲转子,首先,利用电涡流位移传感器测量转子不同截面的弯曲向量,得到了在同一绝对坐标下的各截面形心相对于旋转中心的弯曲向量;然后,应用三次样条函数拟合了转子的空间几何中心线,再利用Visual C++ 编程调用OPENGL图形函数,对弯曲转子进行了三维实体显示;最后利用百分表测量法和所提方法进行了对比试验。结果表明:所提方法测得的弯曲转子各截面轴心轨迹与百分表测得的各截面轴心轨迹基本一致,拟合圆结果也基本重合,其中截面1、截面6的拟合圆结果虽有轻微误差,但误差在可允许范围以内,由此验证了该方法的准确性和可行性。      

工业计算机断层成像系统转台旋转中心的确定

构建一个工业CT(computed tomography)成像系统,转台旋转中心的确定是非常关键的步骤,其定位误差会引起CT图像上的伪影.在详细分析了现存旋转中心确定方法不足的基础上,提出了一种新方法,该方法基于正弦图数据的冗余性,通过计算将正弦图数据总和均分的位置来定位旋转中心.相对现有算法,该方法无须使用模体,亦无需知晓任何几何参数,且基本不受随机噪声影响.实际的实验数据验证了该方法的有效性.      

Determining rotation rates from light curves: RW Mon and RW Tau

We present light curve solutions for the non-synchronously rotating Algols RW Mon and RW Tau, and we illustrate how rotation rates are determined from light curves. We find RW Mon's primary component to spin at about 5 times the synchronous rate, which confirms the indication of fast rotation from reported emission line activity. RW Tau turns out to be only a mildly rapidly rotating Algol system, and our light curve solutions do not yield any firm value for the rotation rate of the primary component. It is suggested that continued efforts should be made to do good quality line broadening studies in order to find rotation rates for systems with only modest degrees of rapid rotation, and in order to further test photometric rotation rates against those of line broadening studies.     

Determining rotation rates from light curves: RW Mon and RW Tau

We present light curve solutions for the non-synchronously rotating Algols RW Mon and RW Tau, and we illustrate how rotation rates are determined from light curves. We find RW Mon's primary component to spin at about 5 times the synchronous rate, which confirms the indication of fast rotation from reported emission line activity. RW Tau turns out to be only a mildly rapidly rotating Algol system, and our light curve solutions do not yield any firm value for the rotation rate of the primary component. It is suggested that continued efforts should be made to do good quality line broadening studies in order to find rotation rates for systems with only modest degrees of rapid rotation, and in order to further test photometric rotation rates against those of line broadening studies.     

原理性电控旋翼系统试验研究

电控旋翼是于本世纪初提出的一种新概念旋翼系统。本文首次开展了电控旋翼的试验研究。首先自行研制了一套用于试验的原理性电控旋翼系统。以此为基础,进行了悬停和前飞状态下的电控旋翼襟翼总距和周期变距操纵试验。试验结果表明,电控旋翼的襟翼总距和周期变距操纵效果与常规旋翼类似,电控旋翼完全可以取代传统的自动倾斜器操纵系统实现旋翼操纵。理论与试验结果的对比则相互印证了正确性。     

齿轮分扭传动的均载行为机理及参数匹配分析

为提高分扭传动系统的均载特性,通过构建误差、载荷的分析图,剖析了影响均载性能的机理;考虑支撑刚度、扭转刚度以及齿轮副的时变啮合刚度,采用集中质量法建立了传动系统的动力学模型。通过龙格库塔法求解传动系统动力学模型,计算了传动系统的均载系数;运用正交试验法获得了齿侧间隙、中心距误差对均载特性的影响规律和权重。研究结果表明:齿侧间隙具有相关性,其取值应满足一定的规则;中心距误差无相关性,并车级中心距误差对均载和动载荷系数的影响权重较大。因此,为提高分扭传动构型的均载特性,齿侧间隙、中心距误差需采用参数匹配的设计方法。     

高位垂直进气旋转盘流动与换热的实验研究

本文用实验的方法对高位垂直进气转静系旋转盘附近冷气流动与换热特性进行了实验研究, 得到了静盘表面压力、转盘表面温度、局部努赛尔特数的分布及平均努赛尔特数, 并对结果进行了相应的分析。      

基于归一化互相关的系统误差配准算法

雷达组网中由于系统误差存在,航迹不能正确关联,因而无法进行有效的误差配准。为了解决这一问题,理论分析了系统误差对目标航迹的影响并将该影响表示为目标航迹的旋转和平移量,结合图像信号时频域特性,提出了一种基于归一化互相关的误差配准算法。该算法采用归一化互相关来估计和补偿组网雷达目标航迹到融合中心航迹的相对旋转参数和平移参数,从而为后面的系统误差配准提供可靠的航迹关联数据。     

Magnetically suspended MEMS spinning wheel gyro

A concept of a magnetically suspended spinning wheel gyro is described. The gyro is based on a patented, planar magnetic actuator and position sensor configuration with a gyro wheel that is rotated by a multi-phase electromagnetic spin motor. The motor and actuator/sensor configurations, in addition to providing the necessary forces to suspend the spinning wheel, are amenable to fabrication using some of the developing MEMS fabrication technologies, making batch fabrication of the gyro possible. This provide the capability for high production yield in high volume through the use of batch processing, without the need for skilled hand labor, resulting in high yields, high reliability, and low cost of ownership. The gyro concept is described in detail. The high-speed rotation of the wheel, somewhat smaller than a dime, can produce an angular momentum much larger than that of the Coriolis force based MEMS gyros now receiving intensive development, and is expected to provide considerably higher performance than currently available from this class of instrument. Two axes of angular rate information and three axes of acceleration information are provided by the control loops that center the wheel within the case. Thus, two such magnetically suspended spinning wheel gyros can be used to implement a complete IMU, and can also provide redundancy in three of the five degrees of freedom     

双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心估计

双基地逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）距离-多普勒算法成像时，容易引起越分辨单元徙动问题，影响成像质量，为了抑制越分辨单元徙动，需要估计目标的等效旋转中心。本文针对双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心估计问题，提出了一种等效旋转中心估计算法。该算法首先将运动补偿后的一维距离像序列分为两组并分别成像，得到两幅图像；其次，假定某个距离单元为等效旋转中心位置，对两幅图像进行畸变校正，使得两幅图像只存在一个视角差，按视角差旋转其中的一幅图像，并与另一幅图像作相关，得到相关系数；然后，假定下一个距离单元为等效旋转中心位置，重复上述步骤，直至遍历结束，相关系数最大值对应的假定位置就是估计的等效旋转中心。最后进行了仿真对比实验，表明本文算法能够有效估计双基地角时变下的ISAR等效旋转中心位置。     

轮毂旋转对环形叶栅角区流场的影响

通过数值模拟来研究和分析某环形叶栅轮毂壁面旋转对静子叶根角区流动结构的影响.研究结果表明:轮毂正向转动可以减小叶栅端壁区的流动堵塞,轮毂端壁角区的流动结构由三维分离流动结构转变为泄漏涡占主导的端壁分离结构.轮毂壁面旋转带来的叶栅角区流动结构的变化根本原因在于端壁转动引起的叶栅根部间隙泄漏增强,阻碍了轮毂端壁附面层二次流向叶片吸力面角区的堆积.      

部分喷嘴关闭对预旋供气系统供气参数影响的实验研究

为了研究部分喷嘴流路关闭对预旋供气系统供气流量和供气温度等特性参数的影响,在部分喷嘴流路打开和关闭工况下进行了实验研究。研究结果表明：随着喷嘴压比增加,以几何流通面积定义的喷嘴流量系数先增大后基本保持不变,转动对喷嘴流量系数的影响在1.6%以内,可以忽略;在系统压比为1.30时,由于阀门关闭不严和关闭后预旋腔腔压的变化,供气流量降幅是喷嘴几何流通面积降幅的67.8%~81.8%,实验状态下阀门关闭会导致供气温度降低约1.2K~2.4K。