卫星变轨对航天扫描式TDICCD相机系统参数的影响

文章主要介绍和分析卫星变轨对TDICCD相机系统的MTF、扫描周期的影响，最后分析卫星变轨对卫星覆盖范围的影响。     

非开普勒轨道下卫星交会变轨决策研究

针对卫星在非开普勒轨道下的运动特征,提出了研究卫星交会变轨决策的方法。首先,在Hill坐标下,采用比例导引方法求解卫星进行变轨机动时所需要的速度增量。然后,再通过Lagrange插值算法解出卫星在任意特征点上变轨机动所需要的速度增量,根据数字仿真得出大量的仿真数据并画出满足变轨决策条件的决策曲面。最后,对决策曲面的涵义做出分析,说明了该方法对于研究非开普勒轨道下卫星变轨决策问题具有一定的意义。     

微小卫星的气动力辅助变轨优化设计

采用伪谱法对微小卫星气动力辅助变轨问题进行研究,在考虑热流限制、控制约束的条件下进行优化设计,得到微小卫星气动力辅助变轨的最优控制解。在此基础上,通过改变转移轨道的近地点高度,得到卫星的另一组飞行轨迹。比较这2组飞行轨迹,分析了转移轨道近地点高度对气动力辅助变轨的影响:近地点高度越高,依靠气动力辅助所能改变的轨道倾角越小,但是可以减小飞行过程中的最大过载、最大动压和最大驻点热流,因此在微小卫星的总体设计中应该综合考虑任务需求来确定转移轨道近地点的高度。     

GEO卫星寿命末期离轨控制策略

根据机构间空间碎片协调委员会(IADC)1997年的建议,提出了一种采用多次两脉冲霍曼变轨对寿命末期地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星实施离轨控制的策略。分析了剩余燃料充足时变轨中燃料消耗的计算,以及剩余燃料不足时应采用一次两脉冲霍曼变轨使卫星尽可能离开GEO的对策。仿真结果表明,该离轨控制策略可行。     

全电推进GEO卫星的变轨策略研究

针对采用全电推进平台的GEO卫星的轨道转移问题,在给定电推进轨道控制模型的基础上,开展卫星由GTO向GEO的变轨策略研究。首先,在轨道远地点高度不变的基础上,给出了给定控制解析解的变轨策略,并给出了该种策略轨道控制律的解析解。其次,文章基于李雅普诺夫优化原理给出了优化的变轨策略,并结合仿真算例计算了该种策略控制律的数值解。在电推进优化转移策略研究的基础上,还分析了全电推进平台卫星在不同推力下的变轨时间需求。文章的变轨策略可为电推进系统在航天领域的应用提供参考。     

基于微波等离子推力器的地球同步轨道卫星任务优化计算

将微波等离子推力器（MPT）应用于“东方红三号”（DFH-3）卫星的推进子系统，完成其轨道转移和南-北位置保持任务。建立了卫星任务和系统优化计算模型，采用遗传算法对卫星轨道转移和位置保持任务进行优化模拟计算，讨论了推力弧段和推力等对卫星变轨时间、MPT累积工作时间、卫星干质量和有效载荷的影响，结果表明，采用MPT可大大减少推进剂工质消耗，增加有效载荷，变轨时间明显大于化学推进，但小于相同电功率的其他电推进。     

北斗三号卫星与上面级供电相关接口分析及验证

卫星采用运载火箭上面级发射入轨期间,经历了由大椭圆轨道至圆轨道的过程,飞行姿态经历了变轨、慢旋、分离后巡航等多个阶段。在太阳翼展开前,卫星要经历比自身变轨更为恶劣的高低温环境及能源紧张等供电风险。在分离时刻的太阳翼碰撞或干涉安全性也需要重点关注和分析。针对北斗三号一箭双星采用上面级直接入轨方式的特点,分析了卫星与上面级间的供电和热设计接口,并从双星分离安全性角度考虑,分析影响卫星与上面级接口安全性的主要要素,并对应用和验证情况进行总结。     

详查卫星侦察效益相关参数分析与设计

详查卫星的侦察效益主要体现在卫星的地面分辨率,对地面的覆盖面积、对地面目标的对准精度、卫星的工作寿命、胶片的利用率这几个方面。从上述几个方面出发,分析讨论与侦察效益相关的各个卫星参数,提出提高卫星侦察效益的有效途径;着重分析了影响详查卫星地面分辨率水平的各个卫星参数;计算了低近地点轨道(142km)、较低近地点轨道(172km)和机动变轨三种情况下的卫星燃料消耗量;并重点讨论了影响摄影综合分辨率的因素。     

双组元统一推进系统加注混合比改进算法及应用

卫星双组元统一推进系统加注混合比,是确定卫星氧化剂和燃烧剂加注量的重要参数。正确地确定加注混合比可以减少卫星的呆重,增加推进剂余量和卫星寿命。文章在原有混合比计算的基础上,分析了在轨不同阶段的不同压力、温度条件下10N推力器和490N变轨发动机的流量情况和入口压力、氧化剂和燃烧剂压力变化情况,利用推力器和变轨发动机地面...     

一种直接入轨卫星变轨阶段的供电方案

相比传统的卫星自身变轨方式,直接入轨方式下卫星的主动段时间将延长到4~5h。为解决卫星直接入轨过程中由于主动段时间大大加长,导致卫星电能需求的增加,以及电源系统配置不必要的质量增加的问题,文章提出了一种在发射和变轨阶段通过运载火箭上面级向卫星供电的方案,即在上面级上增加了一套独立的一次性电源系统。该系统与卫星自身电源系统相结合,在发射和变轨期间优先使用,卫星自身电源根据负载用电情况自主介入,能很好地解决卫星直接入轨方式下主动段的电能需求问题。     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

On the assurance of the design accuracy of the space radio telescope RadioAstron

The results are given of the theoretical calculations and the results of measurements of the shape of the reflecting surface of the space telescope conducted during the manufacture of individual elements and assembly of the product as a whole.     

信道相关性对分集合并接收性能的影响

简介分集接收的主要方式 ,定量分析信道相关性对分集接收性能的影响。特别针对 Rayleigh信道模型中最大比合并和选择合并在各分集支路相关时的性能作了仔细研究 ,给出仿真结果 ,验证各分集支路相关性越小 ,分集效果越好的结论。在最大比合并下 ,当各路平均信噪比与门限相比较小时 ,各分集支路越相关 ,输出信噪比超过门限的概率越大。