基于逆系统方法的多输入多输出非高斯驱动信号生成

多输入多输出(MIMO)振动环境试验是振动试验的新方法,该方法比传统的单输入单输出(SISO)方法更真实地模拟了结构在实际工作下的振动环境。传统随机振动试验的频域方法所模拟的是平稳高斯信号,但是实际振动环境往往是超高斯的,且超高斯激励和高斯激励对结构的损害差异很大,因此对MIMO超高斯振动环境试验的研究十分重要。驱动信号的产生是振动环境试验的关键。提出一种基于逆系统的MIMO超高斯驱动信号生成方法。首先,根据给定的响应参考功率谱密度(PSD)和参考峭度值采用相位调节法生成参考响应超高斯伪随机信号;其次,利用逆系统方法生成超高斯伪随机驱动信号;最后,对伪随机驱动信号进行时域随机化处理得到超高斯真随机驱动信号。对一根两输入两输出的悬臂梁模型进行了仿真验证,结果表明,采用本文方法所得到的驱动信号加载在梁上后,其输出响应谱与给定参考谱之间的误差完全满足工程中常用的±3 dB的要求,而且峭度也与给定的参考值十分接近,证实了所提方法的有效性。     

Stationary non-Gaussian random vibration control: A review

This paper presents a review of the various methods for the stationary non-Gaussian random vibration control. Random vibration tests can be divided, according to the number of exciters, in single-shaker tests and multiple-shaker tests. In the stationary non-Gaussian random vibration test, the time and frequency domain characteristics of the responses should be controlled independently and simultaneously. Skewness and kurtosis are usually selected as the non-Gaussian time control references (targets) while power spectral density is the frequency domain control procedure before it recalls the concepts of non-Gaussianity. Then, the generation of a one frame stationary non-Gaussian random signal for both the single and multiple shakers are reviewed. The commonly used methods for the single non-Gaussian random signal generation in the random vibration test are memoryless nonlinear transformation, phase modification and Filtered Poisson process. For the multiple-shaker case, the sequential phase modification and memoryless nonlinear transformation are used to generate one frame coupled multi-channel non-Gaussian random signal. In order to obtain a stationary and consecutive dynamic input, the time domain randomization procedure is introduced with high computational efficiency and its influences on the skewness and kurtosis are analyzed. Finally, two existing problems in the non-Gaussian random vibration control are addressed.     

Generation of Non-Gaussian Random Vibration Excitation Signal for Reliability Enhancement Test

During environment testing, the time histories of some dynamic environments follow non-Gaussian distribution. It is always assumed that the random vibration simulated follows Gaussian distribution, because the traditional digital random vibration control system can only supply the random vibration excitation signal of Gaussian. Yo simulate the real environment of product, a method is developed in this paper that can generate non-Gaussian random signal with specified power spectrum density （PSD）, skewness and kurtosis by shot noise. In this way, non-Gaussian random vibration can be produced on traditional electrodynamic shaker. It solves the problems of spectral valley and energy shortage in low frequency on omni-axis shaker. At last, the wavelet is used to analyze the non-Gaussian signal     

MIMO随机振动试验控制的逆多步预测模型法

多输入多输出（MIMO）随机振动试验在产品可靠性验证中扮演重要角色。逆系统方法作为一种时域方法，直接由参考信号（即期望得到的响应信号）生成驱动信号，但容易产生不稳定的结果。本文以系统的有限差分模型为基础，推导了逆多步预测模型，并建立了该逆模型与矩阵幂次算法结合的MIMO随机振动试验方法。通过悬臂梁模型进行双输入双输出仿真试验，验证了逆多步预测模型进行MIMO随机振动试验驱动生成的可行性。在三轴振动台上进一步验证该方法进行MIMO随机振动试验控制的能力。     

多输入多输出随机振动试验变参数PID控制

 对多输入多输出(MIMO)随机振动试验控制的基本过程进行了系统分析。定义了一种新的在对数坐标下的控制误差表达式,然后在控制算法中引入了新的比例-积分-微分(PID)控制策略,并给出了PID参数随误差变化的规律。以悬臂梁为控制对象,完成了两输入两输出随机振动试验。结果表明：变参数PID控制方法能在保证快速均衡的基础上,有效地减小功率谱和参考谱之间的相对误差以及加速度总均方根值的控制误差,提高随机振动试验的控制精度。     

热声联合作用下金属薄壁结构动态响应分析

未来飞行器在服役过程中会遇到气动热、力、振动、噪声等多种载荷联合作用的严酷环境,其结构设计、分析与试验验证面临巨大的技术挑战.针对受热结构在随机噪声载荷作用下的动态响应问题,采用基于顺序耦合策略的谱分析法分析热声耦合动态响应.通过对典型结构的仿真分析,给出了响应均方根应变和功率谱密度响应等计算结果,并与试验结果从数值和形态上进行了比较.结果表明,结构受热后各阶局部模态频率降低明显,功率谱密度响应曲线峰值对应的频率发生明显的前移,随机噪声载荷引起的响应均方根应变很小,并且仅能激起结构的局部模态,分析与试验结果在趋势与数值上均吻合较好,具有较好的工程实用性.     

基于有限元法的风洞结构故障诊断

针对2.4m风洞第一扩散段在运行过程中出现的裂纹现象,应用振动测试技术和有限元分析方法,进行了不同工况条件下振动测量和脉动压力测量,获得了结构在气流脉动压力作用下的主要振动频率范围。通过与有限元分析结果验证对比,诊断出了第一扩散段产生裂纹的原因在于内壳体裂纹板与气流长期耦合振动,结构疲劳从而导致出现裂纹。最后在此基础上提出了合理的整改方案,对结构进行了动力学修改。结果表明：结合振动测试,基于有限元法对风洞结构进行故障诊断是一种行之有效的方法。     

Matrix Power Control Algorithm for Multi-input Multi-output Random Vibration Test

 Both auto-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum need to be controlled in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) random vibration test. During the control process with the difference control algorithm (DCA), a lower triangular matrix is derived from Cholesky decomposition of a reference spectrum matrix. The diagonal elements of the lower triangular matrix (DELTM) may become negative. These negative values have no meaning in physical significance and can cause divergence of auto-power spectrum control. A proportional root mean square control algorithm (PRMSCA) provides another method to avoid the divergence caused by negative values of DELTM, but PRMSCA cannot control the cross-power spectrum. A new control algorithm named matrix power control algorithm (MPCA) is proposed in the paper. MPCA can guarantee that DELTM is always positive in the auto-power spectrum control. MPCA can also control the cross-power spectrum. After these three control algorithms are analyzed, three-input three-output random vibration control tests are implemented on a three-axis vibration shaker. The results show the validity of the proposed MPCA.     

基于频率雨流计数法的发动机振动疲劳载荷谱编制

传统雨流计数法适用于常规疲劳载荷计算,不能保留振动疲劳的频率信息,但是频率对于振动疲劳十分重要,因此在传统雨流计数法的基础上提出一种频率雨流计数法。以某型号发动机试车振动加速信号为例,采用振动疲劳载荷谱的编制方法,编制振动信号功率谱、载荷 - 频次载荷谱、振动疲劳载荷谱,对频率雨流计数法进行验证。结果表明:采用本文方法编制的载荷谱能够反映发动机实际工作载荷,满足实验室疲劳试验载荷谱要求。     

多滤波器并联方式解决直升机动力传动链扭振耦合

为了解决直升机动力传动链扭振系统与动力控制系统的耦合不稳定性问题,提出了一种采用多个陷波滤波器并联组合、根据发动机不同的工作模态选择不同滤波器实现扭振滤波的方法。对陷波滤波器进行了改进,使得引入控制系统通频带的附加相移减小,降低了对系统控制性能的影响。通过直升机联合试验,验证了该方法是有效的。