随行辅助预热电子束薄板焊接的数值模拟

电子束焊接薄板过程中,由于局部加热过快,易产生焊接变形。因此,在电子束焊接的主热源两侧引入基于高频扫描技术的电子束辅助热源,进行焊前预热,以达到减小焊接变形的目的。建立了矩形均匀加热辅助热源模型,采用热弹塑性有限元分析方法对1.5mm厚不锈钢薄板随行辅助预热电子束焊接进行数值模拟,并且进行了试验验证。结果表明,焊后残余应力和变形的模拟结果与试验所得结论一致。电子束焊接随行辅助预热方法不仅可以改变熔池前方材料的应力状态,而且当熔池形成瞬间熔池时,还可以减小前方材料的压应力峰值,有利于减小薄板结构的焊接变形。     

内加热式N2O单组元推力器预热过程仿真与试验

为了提高N₂O单组元推力器预热效果,对推力器结构做出改进,引入内加热的预热模式.在模拟真空环境下开展了内加热式推力器预热试验,以10W功率加热5800s,使催化剂温度达到260℃(533K),证明了内加热模式的可行性及优越性.开展了内加热式N₂O单组元推力器系统的三维建模,并利用有限元软件对推力器预热过程进行了分析,得到了推力器结构温度场随时间的变化情况.数值分析结果与试验数据吻合良好,验证了所用仿真模型的准确性.进一步对简化结构后的内加热式推力器在模拟太空环境下分别施加10,5,3W加热功率时的预热过程开展了数值仿真研究,结果表明:10W和5W加热功率能使催化剂在3600s内达到工作温度250℃,可为N₂O单组元推力器的实际应用提供参考.      

中频感应加热模具温度测控

就采用中频感应加热技术，预热各种工业模具的过程，对模具温度测试和加热工艺智能控制等方面进行了有关技术探索和论述，讨论了分析了该测控技术的主要特点和需要注意的问题。     

接触焊机理的探索

探讨了接触焊的机理，提出了以电位差选择电极材料的原则，以及焊接处的接触电阻和母材内阻在焊接中有一定作用，而且焊接处的总热能是各种能量产生的热量之和，焊接的总热量也应包括通电加热产生的热量和断电后（锻压时）产生的热量。     

高温热管在热防护中应用初探

介绍了高温热管在热防护中的应用原理,并利用电弧加热风洞产生的高温、高速气流,模拟高超声速飞行器高温区的气动加热环境,对一种装有高温热管的简单的球柱形原理性模型进行了加热试验。利用高温红外测温装置对模型表面的温度进行了测量,通过与普通复合材料制成的模型试验结构的对比分析,发现高温热管能够有效地将模型高温区热量传导到低温区,装有高温热管模型的驻点温度明显降低,显示出了良好的防热效果。     

移动式柴油发电机组空冷流动特性数值计算研究

目标自身热辐射主要的影响因素是目标的表面温度和发射率,而对于有内热源的装甲车辆等目标,应尽量通过隔离、设计夹层等方法控制内部热量的散发。本文针对某地面作业的移动式空冷柴油发电机组模型的流动特性及温度分布进行研究。结果表明模型中箱体保温层的设计有效的降低了外壳外表面的温度;朝地热流通道则使得大部分高温流体直接冲击地面,将环境高温控制在外壳下侧;但这部分高温流体还会被内部机体的风扇吸入,参与新一轮的空冷过程,从而影响冷却效果。     

来流条件对轴流喷水推进器性能的影响研究

高速舰船在实际航行过程中的来流条件十分复杂，为研究不同来流条件对喷水推进器性能的影响，以轴流式喷水推进器为研究对象，基于均相流模型、Zwart空化模型和SST k-ω湍流模型，对不同来流速度和来流角度条件下的喷水推进器进行了数值模拟，通过网格不确定度分析、数值与试验结果对比及误差分析验证了数值计算方法的可靠性，最终获得了不同来流条件喷水推进器推进性能和内流特性的变化规律。结果表明：随着来流速度增大，装置流量不断增加，扬程、推力和效率先增大后减小，在来流速度为5.6m/s时性能最佳。转速为2450r/min时，叶轮空化程度较弱，当来流速度v≥8.4m/s时，流量显著增大，冲角减小，叶片工作面流动分离增强，压力面开始出现空泡。来流角度增大对低来流速度工况喷水推进器性能几乎无影响，高来流速度工况则表现出推力、扬程和效率的急剧下降，来流角度从3°增加至7°时，推力、扬程和效率降幅分别高达13.8%,13.9%与8.3%。来流角度增大，各过流部件速度不均匀性增大，叶轮和导叶区域湍流耗散增大，叶轮进口冲角减小，压力面流动分离增强，做功能力下降，推进装置性能急剧恶化。     

深海潜水器推进器故障诊断技术研究进展

推进器是深海潜水器主要执行且负荷最重的部件,对其故障快速准确诊断是关系深海潜水器安全运行的关键技术之一。深海环境的复杂和深海潜水器自身的非线性、强耦合和模型的不确定性使其故障诊断成为一个研究的难点问题。从深潜器推进器主要类型、典型的故障模式、推进器故障诊断技术等方面对当前深潜器推进器故障诊断技术研究进展进行了综述,并对深海推进器及其故障诊断技术发展方向进行了探讨。     

跨大气层飞行器再入段RCS控制特性

以航天飞机为例．论述了跨火气层飞行器反推力控制系统（Reaction Control System，RCS）的工作原理，并给出了RCS推进器的控制模型。同时分析了RCS在回路中的各种工作模式和多推进器的系统冗余及其组合方式。最后在对RCS系统操作的基础上，研究了航天飞机在再人段飞行时的RCS控制问题。     

亚格子模型对泵喷推进器宽带非定常力预测的影响研究

为了研究亚格子模型对泵喷推进器非定常流动与宽带非定常力预报结果的影响,采用分块结构化网格建立了模型尺度下艇后泵喷推进器的计算模型,并进行了大涡模拟数值计算。从艇尾非定常流场特征量和推进器转子脉动载荷两个方面对比了三种不同亚格子模型计算结果的差异,并分析了泵喷内部流动与转子非定常力间的内在联系。研究结果表明：三种亚格子模型均能得到含有叶频宽带峰的轴向推力谱,且整体趋势相近。泵喷转子上游的湍流强度和尺度的分布对亚格子模型较敏感,其中Smargrinsky-Lilly模型得到的湍流强度较强,尺度较大,该模型下的湍流谱在非平衡区量级较大,但由低频向高频的衰减较快,并且预测到的分离区范围大,导叶尾缘脱落涡分散,导致转子上游来流空间分布不均程度较强。对于转子叶片上的载荷脉动,Smargrinsky-Lilly模型预测的推力谱中线谱成分明显,并且叶频处宽带谱峰“陡峭”,而WALE模型和KET模型的结果宽带特性较强,对比非定常推力测试结果可知,WALE模型和KET模型更适于该问题宽带非定常力预测。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.