超声速流动中功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振机理

对高超声速环境中功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振机理及分岔特性进行了研究。分别采用活塞理论和Eckert参考焓方法模拟气动力以及气动加热效应,在求解板内二维热传导方程以及考虑温升对材料物性影响的基础上,建立了一个气动加热-气动弹性双向耦合的功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振模型。采用有限元方法对曲壁板控制方程进行了数值模拟,着重分析了不同拱高下曲壁板的分岔行为,探讨了拱高变化对曲壁板分岔图的影响,发现了曲壁板颤振三种典型的颤振行为,即:热屈曲、混沌以及规则振动。对初始拱高板厚比为1时,曲壁板的两种规则振动行为进行对比发现,随着马赫数的增大,气动加热效应所引起的热内力会使曲壁板的规则振动更加复杂,同时振动的主振型及频率均会发生变化。     

含不确定参数的复合材料壁板热颤振分析

研究了含有不确定结构参数的壁板颤振问题,利用vonKarman大变形应变-位移关系、气动力活塞理论和准定常热应力理论建立了复合材料壁板颤振的气动弹性力学模型,考虑在壁板颤振分析模型中存在的不确定参数,将其用区间向量定量化,基于区间扩张理论和Taylor级数展开,并结合有限元计算方法,提出了区间分析的方法来估计含有不确定参数的壁板结构颤振临界风速的区间,以及发生极限环振动时振幅的变化区间。通过数值算例,将本文提出的壁板颤振的区间有限元模型与随机有限元模型进行了比较,显示了本文方法的有效性和可行性。这种方法的优点是只需要知道不确定参数的所在范围界限,为解决含有不确定参数的壁板颤振这类复杂的气动弹性动力学问题提供了一个途径。     

超声速气流中受热壁板的二次失稳型颤振

研究了超声速气流中受热壁板的非线性气动弹性响应,发现了一种新的动态失稳现象——二次失稳型颤振。基于von Karman非线性应变-位移关系、Reissner-Mindlin板理论和一阶活塞理论建立超声速气流中三维壁板的有限元模型。通过数值算例,研究了超声速气流中受热壁板发生二次失稳型颤振的条件,并运用非线性振动理论分析了二次失稳型颤振的机理。研究表明,超声速气流中受热壁板在平衡态的稳定性未发生变化时,也会因系统参数的变化引起气动弹性响应性质的突变,导致壁板的二次失稳型颤振。二次失稳型颤振能否发生不仅受到气流速压和壁板温升的影响,而且还与初始扰动有关。当扰动引起壁板的初始变形较小时,不能激发出二次失稳型颤振,壁板的气动弹性响应最终收敛到屈曲平衡态。应用二次失稳型颤振理论和分析方法,确定了前人给出的一个金属壁板模型的热颤振边界的风洞试验结果,而且计算结果与试验结果符合良好,从而对这一壁板热颤振现象的风洞试验结果作出了较合理的理论解释。     

高速流场中变刚度复合材料层合板颤振分析

变刚度复合材料层合板在高速流场中的颤振行为是设计中需要考虑的问题。本文研究了高速流场中的曲线纤维变刚度层合复合材料壁板非线性颤振响应,分析了边界条件和纤维方向对颤振特性的影响。利用von-Karman大变形应变-位移关系,采用气动力活塞理论,根据虚功原理和有限元法建立变刚度复合材料壁板颤振的气动弹性力学模型,采用Newmark法对壁板的颤振方程求解。给出了不同边界条件和纤维方向条件下层合复合材料壁板的颤振特性。计算结果表明：随着纤维在板中心处或在边界±a/2处与x方向夹角（T₀或T₁）的增大,颤振临界动压减小;相同动压下,随着T₀或T₁的增大,极限环振幅增大。研究表明采用曲线纤维进一步提高了复合材料层合板的可设计性,通过调整曲线纤维路径可以改变复合材料壁板的颤振特性。     

高超声速飞行器受热壁板的气动弹性声振分析

高超声速飞行器壁板在非定常气动力、热载荷和噪声载荷构成的多物理场联合作用下,将表现出复杂的非线性气动弹性声振响应,特别是在颤振临界动压附近,受热载荷以及声载荷作用,壁板表现出复杂的跳变运动。基于von Karman大变形板理论,建立了热-声载荷和气动力共同作用下的壁板运动方程,分析了超声速气流中受热壁板的屈曲变形及热屈曲稳定性,借助势阱概念初步分析了壁板跳变运动产生的机理。通过定义“穿零频次”给出了跳变运动定量的分类方法,并计算得到不同温升和动压情况下,壁板发生跳变运动所对应的临界声压级。结果表明：在颤振临界动压之前,随着动压的增加,受热壁板势阱的深度先增大后减小,且受热壁板的势阱深度随着温升的增加而增大。     

考虑预应力和液体影响的圆柱壳颤振分析

 为了研究预应力和液体对圆柱壳颤振的影响,采用杂交元方法,建立了圆柱壳的气动弹性方程。由Sanders薄壳理论和经典有限元理论,从壳的精确解推导节点位移函数入手,并由一阶活塞理论得到结构的气动阻尼矩阵和刚度矩阵,最终推导出考虑预应力和内部液体影响的圆柱壳的混合有限元公式和气动弹性方程。通过特征值法验证了此种有限元方法的正确性,并重点研究了预应力和内部注有液体对圆柱壳稳定性的影响。计算结果表明:预应力和液体对圆柱壳的颤振特性有显著的影响。     

Effects of Initial Stress and Internal Liquid on Flutter Analysis of Cylindrical Shell

为了研究预应力和液体对圆柱壳颤振的影响,采用杂交元方法,建立了圆柱壳的气动弹性方程.由Sanders薄壳理论和经典有限元理论,从壳的精确解推导节点位移函数人手,并由一阶活塞理论得到结构的气动阻尼矩阵和刚度矩阵,最终推导出考虑预应力和内部液体影响的圆柱壳的混合有限元公式和气动弹性方程.通过特征值法验证了此种有限元方法的正确性,并重点研究了预应力和内部注有液体对圆柱壳稳定性的影响.计算结果表明:预应力和液体对圆柱壳的颤振特性有显著的影响.     

基于流固耦合的斜激波冲击作用下曲壁板气动弹性分析

采用自主发展的双向流固耦合求解器,研究了斜激波冲击作用下曲壁板的气动弹性响应特性。曲壁板的几何非线性大变形运动方程采用有限差分法求解,流体控制方程基于有限体积法求解,双向流固耦合采用交错迭代算法。计算结果表明:当动压小于临界颤振动压时,曲壁板表现出静平衡状态,且随着动压的增大,壁板变形的非对称性越明显。当动压大于临界颤振动压时,壁板振动位移先增大后减小,最终达到稳定颤振状态,且该极限环颤振并不关于初始位置正负对称的。同时,随着动压的增大,壁板颤振的正向峰谷值、负向峰谷值和振幅均逐渐增大,颤振频率则逐渐减小。壁板振动响应规律并不随着壁板弯曲高度的改变而单调递增或递减,较小的弯曲高度可以降低壁板颤振临界动压值,但是当弯曲高度进一步增大后,由于气动非线性特性增强,准周期无规则运动状态被激发了出来,临界颤振动压迅速升高。     

不同气流偏角下的壁板热颤振分析及多目标优化设计

 研究了考虑热效应的不同气流偏角下的壁板颤振问题及其多目标优化设计。采用考虑气流偏角影响的一阶活塞气动力、Von-Karmon大变形理论和准定常热应力理论建立了复合材料壁板热颤振方程。利用模拟退火算法,对不同温度场下的偏航壁板颤振速度进行计算。以偏航壁板热颤振速度和壁板重量为多目标函数,在不发生热屈曲的条件下进行优化设计。结果显示：温升使偏航壁板颤振发生“跳跃”现象,对应的气流偏角发生变化;当壁板热颤振模态不变时,偏航壁板颤振速度随温升呈下降趋势,两者呈线性关系;而当热颤振模态发生变化,即偏航壁板颤振发生“跳跃”现象时,偏航壁板颤振速度随温升先升高而后降低,两者呈非线性关系;Pareto解对应的多目标函数之间呈线性关系。     

考虑气动热的机翼颤振特性分析

为研究气动热对高超音速飞行器气动弹性特性的影响,首先对小展弦比机翼施加不同温度场,通过热应力分析理论获得不同温度载荷下机翼的热模态,然后应用二阶活塞理论计算非定常气动力,最后采用p-k法进行颤振计算。计算结果表明,气动加热后结构的模态特性和颤振特性均发生变化,由于温度效应降低了各阶固有频率,并且改变了它们之间的差距,从而导致机翼颤振速度降低。     

Aeroelastic stability analysis of heated flexible panel subjected to an oblique shock

The critical conditions for aeroelastic stability and the stability boundaries of a flexible two-dimensional heated panel subjected to an impinging oblique shock are considered using theoretical analysis and numerical computations, respectively. The von-Karman large deflection theory of isotropic flat plates is used to account for the geometrical nonlinearity of the heated panel, and local first-order piston theory is employed in the region before and after shock waves to estimate the aerodynamic pressure. The coupled partial differential governing equations, according to the Hamilton principle, are established with thermal effect based on quasi-steady thermal stress theory. The Galerkin discrete method is employed to truncate the partial differential equations into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical integration method. Lyapunov indirect method is applied to evaluate the stability of the heated panel. The results show that a new aeroelastic instability (distinct from regular panel flutter) arises from the complex interaction of the incident and reflected wave system with the panel flexural modes and thermal loads. What’s more, stability of the panel is reduced in the presence of the oblique shock. In other words, the heated panel becomes aeroelastically unstable at relatively small flight aerodynamic pressure.     

Supersonic flutter control and optimization of metamaterial plate

A metamaterial plate is designed by embedding a periodic array of local nonlinear resonators for its supersonic flutter control. Based on the von Karman large deformation theory and supersonic piston aerodynamic theory, the nonlinear aeroelastic equations of the metamaterial plate are obtained by using the Hamilton principle. The comparisons for aeroelastic behaviors of the metamaterial plate and pure plate show that the proposed metamaterial plate can lead to an enlarged flutter boundary and lower vibration amplitude. Furthermore, a parametric optimization strategy for local nonlinear resonators is proposed to improve the nonlinear flutter behaviors of the metamaterial plate, and a significant enhancement of passive control performance can be achieved through optimization design. The present study demonstrates that the design of the metamaterial plate can provide an effective approach and potential application for nonlinear flutter suppression of supersonic plate.     

Suppressing nonlinear aeroelastic response of laminated composite panels in supersonic airflows using a nonlinear energy sink

This paper proposes using a Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) to suppress the nonlinear aeroelastic response of laminated composite panels in supersonic airflows. Relevant aeroelastic equations are established using Hamilton’s principle and a finite element approach, drawing upon Von Karman’s large deflection theory and first order piston theory. The idea of the NES suppression region is proposed and the effects of NES parameters on the NES suppression region are studied in detail. The results show that the nonlinear aeroelastic responses of the panel can be completely suppressed by the Transient Resonance Capture (TRC); the appropriate NES parameter values can increase the critical dynamic pressure for flutter and suppress the nonlinear aeroelastic response effectively. Increasing the mass ratio of the NES can improve the NES suppression region; the nonlinear stiffness coefficient and damping of the NES within a specific range can suppress the nonlinear aeroelastic response. The most effective installation position for a NES is in a specific region behind the center-line of the panel in the direction of the airflow.     

复合材料大展弦比机翼动力学建模与颤振分析

新一代航空结构广泛采用复合材料，对复合材料机翼的气动弹性工程化建模和分析是飞机设计的重要任务。应用气动弹性分析理论和方法，对复合材料大展弦比机翼进行了结构有限元建模、模型修正、固有振动特性计算、部件发散与颤振工程分析。本文使用MSC／NASTRAN软件，在复合材料大展弦比机翼的初步静力分析模型基础上，依据结构图纸、相关试验结果反复修改得到合理的机翼结构动力学有限元模型，固有振动计算中采用动力减缩方法消除局部模态并提高计算精度，采用亚音速偶极子格网法求解非定常气动力，并对单独机翼进行了发散和颤振计算分析。     

超声速气流中平板的颤振分析

对超声速气流作用下的矩形平板进行了颤振分析,采用一阶活塞理论计算准定常气动力,利用弹性力学理论和结构动力学理论建立了平板的运动平衡方程。采用梁模态构造矩形平板的近似模态函数。运用MATLAB软件编程画出平板在不同参数下的有关图形,研究了这些参数变化对平板稳定性的影响规律。分析结果可知,结构的所有模态中只有部分模态与颤振发生直接有关。这些模态是成对出现的,并且只有特定的两个模态频率重合才能发生颤振。     

Numerical studies of a non-linear aeroelastic system with plunging and pitching freeplays in supersonic/hypersonic regimes

The flutter and post flutter of a two-dimensional double-wedge lifting surface with combined freeplay and cubic stiffness nonlinearities in both plunging and pitching degrees-of-freedom operating in supersonic/hypersonic flight speed regimes have been analyzed. In addition to the structural nonlinearities, the third-order piston theory aerodynamics is used to evaluate the unsteady non-linear aerodynamic force and moment. Such model accounts for stiffness and damping contributions produced by the aerodynamic loads. Responses involving limit cycle oscillation and chaotic motion are observed over a large number of parameters that characterizes the aeroelastic system. Results of the present study show that the freeplay in the pitching degree-of-freedom and soft/hard cubic stiffness in the pitching and plunging degrees-of-freedom have significant effects on the LCOs exhibited by the aeroelastic system in the supersonic/hypersonic flight speed regimes. The simulations also show that the aeroelastic system behavior is greatly affected by physical structural parameters, such as the radius of gyration and the frequency ratio, especially in post-flutter regimes, when accounting for all system nonlinearities. It has been shown that at high Mach numbers the non-linear aerodynamic stiffness yields detrimental effects from the aeroelastic point of view, while the damping one do not.