Ti6Al4V高能喷丸表面纳米化后粗糙度的分析

高能喷丸(HSP)可在Ti6Al4V表面获得约50μm纳米层,同时也使表面粗糙度值增大,当喷丸10min时粗糙度值达到最大,纳米化效果不明显;喷丸60min后粗糙度值趋于稳定,表层实现完全纳米化.喷丸后表面粗糙度的变化规律主要与表面覆盖率和加工硬化有关.在保证得到纳米化表层的前提下,为了减小喷丸粗糙度对其疲劳性能的影响,最佳喷丸时间应为60min.     

旋转条件下切割SiC 单晶片实验研究

通过旋转条件下切割SiC单晶片,分析了切片表面微观形貌特点,研究了线锯速度、工件进给速度和工件转速对切片表面粗糙度与切向锯切力的影响规律。结果表明:增加工件旋转,切片表面平整光滑,沿线锯运动方向没有明显沟槽及凸起,质量明显得到改善;当转速由0增加到12 r/min时,切片表面粗糙度由1.532μm降到0.513μm;线锯速度和工件旋转速度增大、工件进给速度减小,切向锯切力减小,表面粗糙度减小。当线锯速度和工件旋转速度过大,切向锯切力和表面粗糙度反而会有所增加。     

高能机械加工表面纳米化40Cr钢组织结构与力学性能

利用超声高能机械加工处理工艺在40Cr钢表面制备了纳米晶表面层。采用SEM,TEM和纳米压痕技术等分析了表面纳米晶层的组织结构与力学性能。实验结果表明,表面是由分布均匀的纳米级铁素体和纳米级渗碳体晶粒构成的复合纳米结构,过渡区由纳米级的渗碳体晶粒和粗晶铁素体晶粒构成。表面平均晶粒尺寸为3nm。随着深度的增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大。表面硬度高达8GPa,为基体硬度的3倍,随着深度的增加,硬度迅速降低。表面层弹性模量为252GPa,与基体十分接近。     

钴的晶体结构对镀钴空心玻璃微球电磁性能的影响

采用化学镀方法在空心玻璃微球表面复合磁性金属钴,制备了镀钴空心玻璃微球,并对其进行了真空退火热处理。经过化学镀的空心玻璃微球表面包覆了一层均匀、致密的金属镀层;镀钴空心玻璃微球(2.5g/cm3)镀层晶体结构对其电磁性能产生影响。当镀层Co含量为95%时,介电常数实部在11GHz处达到35,虚部在13GHz处达到22;在经过热处理后,镀层发生晶相转变,介电常数实部和虚部均得到提高。另外,热处理能降低钴镀层的矫顽力,改善其软磁性能。     

激光诱致温度场对38CrN3MoV淬火组织转变及性能影响研究

为提高炮管管线阴阳线硬度及抗摩擦磨损能力,对炮管管线阴线和阳线进行激光淬火试验研究。建立连续半导体激光加热38CrNi3MoV温度场的有限元预测模型,仿真分析激光参数对炮管管线温度场的影响规律。结合温度场仿真结果,对炮管管线开展激光淬火试验研究,探究激光功率、激光光斑直径、扫描速度等工艺参数对淬硬层硬度以及深度的影响规律。结果表明:激光淬火后平均硬度由400HV提高到710HV,增加43.66%;阳线、阴线硬化层深度分别达到1.22mm和0.61mm。淬火后阳线表面粗糙度Ra由0.548μm增加至0.700μm,阴线表面粗糙度Ra由4.424μm降低至3.804μm,均在允许的变化范围之内,满足使用要求。通过光学显微镜对淬火后阴阳线组织转变进行观察分析,探究激光淬火后组织转变规律。     

AZ91D镁合金表面复合镀层局部腐蚀现象解析及化学镀Ni-P-Cu的研究

采用SEM-EDX和光学显微镜等分析手段,研究了AZ91D镁合金化学镀Ni-P/电镀Cu/Ni/Cr复合镀层盐雾试验时局部严重腐蚀的原因.研究发现,AZ91D镁合金基体的孑L隙缺陷是由于其在化学镀和电镀过程中,缺陷处未能形成致密镀层而出现凹陷贯穿性的微孔所致.在此基础上,探讨了加入微量Cu的化学镀Ni-P工艺,Cu能显著细化镀层胞状组织尺寸,抑制表面胞状凸起;极化曲线和盐雾测试表明Cu微合金化的Ni-P镀层能明显改善Ni-P化学镀层的耐蚀性能.     

钛表面阳极氧化处理对TA2/聚醚醚酮（PEEK）粘结性能的影响

为了改善TA2/C_f/PEEK纤维金属混杂层板中TA2/PEEK的界面粘结性能,利用NaTESi恒压阳极氧化法对TA2板进行表面改性。首先通过正交试验对阳极氧化工艺进行优化,对不同处理工艺的TA2板表面进行了XRD、SEM分析以及粗糙度的表征;其次,研究了钛板表面改性对TA2/PEEK界面结合强度及断裂韧性的影响。结合扫描电镜图进行表面粗糙度及剪切强度的极差分析,发现随着阳极氧化时间的增长,表面粗糙度减小,TA2/PEEK接头的单搭剪切强度下降。对不同工艺下单搭接头的拉伸剪切强度进行比较后,确定了利于提高TA2/PEEK界面结合强度的最优工艺为恒压10 V、在35℃下阳极氧化10 min;该种工艺处理后的钛板表面粗糙度为1.34 μm,其表面形貌为纳米颗粒,粒径尺寸为100~200 nm,在阳极氧化时间为10 min、电压为10 V时,其表面纳米颗粒分布最为均匀,该种形貌下制备的TA2/PEEK界面剪切强度达到19 MPa,失效模式为混合破坏;通过载荷-位移曲线、R曲线,对此工艺下TA2/PEEK界面I型层间断裂韧性进行了表征,发现其平均能量释放率为188.1 J/m²,相比于未经表面处理的试样增加了103.1%,阳极氧化工艺处理后的TA2/PEEK界面抗分层能力更好。     

ELID沟道成形磨削氧化膜特性及影响作用实验

针对ELID沟道成形磨削特点,研究了磨削过程中氧化膜的特性及其影响作用。探讨分析了氧化膜的电流表征、氧化膜在沟道成形磨削中的状态变化以及氧化膜状态对磨削力和表面粗糙度的影响。实验过程中,电解电流从1 A增长到4 A,氧化膜厚度从35.33!m减小到11.07!m,法向磨削力从7.06 N增长到36.12 N,切向磨削力从1.62 N增长到4.47 N;垂直于磨削方向的表面粗糙度由0.256!m增长到0.355!m,平行于磨削方向的表面粗糙度由8 nm增长到13 nm。结果表明,氧化膜越厚,磨削力和表面粗糙度越小;氧化膜越薄,磨削力和表面粗糙度越大。     

激光辅助车削工艺参数对单晶硅表面质量的影响

为了提高单晶硅激光辅助车削加工表面质量,通过开展激光辅助和常规车削加工试验,结合表面粗糙度、表面形貌及拉曼光谱检测,研究激光辅助车削技术对加工质量的影响。基于正交试验方法,研究单晶硅激光辅助车削工艺参数对表面粗糙度的影响;通过方差分析和极差分析评估各因素对表面粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明：与常规车削相比,激光辅助车削可有效提高加工表面质量,降低材料表面的残余应力。主轴转速、进给速度、切削深度和脉冲占空比对表面粗糙度的贡献率分别为17.51%、44.48%、6.69%和14.70%。确定最佳加工参数组合如下：主轴速度为4 000 r/min,进给速度为2 mm/min,切削深度为5μm,脉冲占空比为30%,最终获得表面粗糙度Rq为2.4 nm的高质量表面。     

超声磨料对TC4钛合金电火花加工表面质量的影响

为改善TC4钛合金电火花加工表面质量,减少表面微裂纹、重熔层等表面缺陷,提出了基于电极振动的超声磨料电火花复合加工方法。在煤油工作液中混入12g/L的SiC磨料粉,进行了有无超声磨料作用的窄脉冲(脉宽小于1μs)电火花加工的表面粗糙度对比实验研究。实验结果表明:SiC磨料的超声振动作用使零件表面粗糙度Ra由0.5μm降到0.2μm左右;重熔层厚度、表面裂纹的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)照片显示,超声磨料作用使重熔层厚度减薄20～30μm,表面微裂纹得到有效控制;机理分析认为工作液高频振动及磨料对工件的冲击作用,是改善TC4钛合金电火花加工表面质量的主要原因。研究表明磨料的超声振动作用可显著改善TC4钛合金电火花加工的表面质量。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.