固化工艺参数对复合材料补片温度场的影响

基于热传导定律和固化动力学理论,建立了热固性树脂基复合材料固化过程的三维有限元模型,通过与文献实验结果的比较,验证了该模型具有较高的可靠性。采用该模型计算了AS4/3501层合板挖补修理固化过程的温度场和固化度场,并分析了固化温度及升温速率对补片中心点温度场和固化度场的影响。结果表明:在固化反应的起始阶段,固化温度和升温速率对补片温度和固化度的影响很小;随着固化反应的进行,固化温度和升温速率对补片温度和固化度的影响越来越大;在第二次升温阶段初期,固化温度对补片中心点温度的影响又逐渐缩小;在每次保温阶段末期,补片温度和固化度不再受升温速率的影响。     

轻型公务机碳纤维复合材料增压舱共固化成型工艺的试验研究

以轻型高端公务机领世300增压舱共固化成型技术为研究背景,针对增压舱为固化炉整体成型的特点,借助DSC对T700G-12K碳纤维/环氧预浸料的固化温度和固化度进行了研究与分析,优化固化工艺参数.通过无损检测C扫描和力学测试进行验证.试验结果表明:增压舱固化工艺采用凝胶点温度80℃下处理240rin,105℃下保温保压120min以及130℃下保温保压120min为本组试验的最优方案,产品缺陷少.     

树脂比热容对复合材料固化过程数值模拟的影响

在对热固性树脂基复合材料固化过程进行数值模拟时,通常取固化后树脂的比热容作为整个固化过程中树脂的比热容,这将会为结果带来较大的误差.但是由于固化放热的影响,树脂固化过程的比热容测试难以进行.本工作对此进行了研究,提出了一种假设:即以凝胶点为分界点,凝胶点前随着固化度的增大,比热容由未固化树脂的比热线性减小到凝胶点时与固化完全后的树脂相同;凝胶点后采用固化完全树脂的比热.模拟的结果与实测值具有良好的一致性.     

MT300/603复合材料工艺仿真与缺陷控制

从热传导/固化反应和树脂流动/纤维密实两方面对MT300/603复合材料热压罐成型工艺进行仿真分析,研究固化温度、保温时间、加压时机及成型压力对先进网格结构纤维体积含量与内部质量的影响规律,建立工艺改进与缺陷控制措施。通过?1 m网格试件无损检测及轴压破坏实验验证,结果表明:提高成型压力、强化预压实等工艺优化与缺陷控制措施有效,试件的内部质量及承载能力明显提高。     

RTM工艺成型复合材料树脂固化过程残余应变监测研究

提出了RTM工艺树脂固化过程残余应变布拉格光栅传感器检测新方法。通过光纤光栅波长偏移与温度和固化时间之间的关系测试,得到了树脂固化过程中残余应变的变化历程,成功实现了RTM工艺树脂固化过程中残余应变的在线监测。实验结果表明,在降温过程中,残余应变的变化与温度的变化呈线性关系,这为复合材料层合板的残余应力分析提供了实验依据。     

CCF300/5228A复合材料RFI成型工艺参数

采用经过改性的低成本树脂膜熔渗工艺(RFI)用5228A高温环氧树脂体系,以国产纤维CCF300碳纤维为增强材料,对改性后的RFI专用5228A环氧树脂体系的RFI工艺参数进行研究。对5228A树脂体系RFI成型的全部过程中渗透浸渍纤维和树脂固化成型两个基本工艺的树脂体系的黏温性能、浸渍压力、CCF300纤维预制体的压缩特性以及固化动力学和固化工艺参数等因素的研究表明:改性后的RFI专用5228A环氧树脂体系能够完全满足RFI工艺的要求。RFI专用CCF300/5228A碳纤维复合材料的最佳浸渍工艺为(125±3)℃,(0.1±0.02)MPa下,保温90min;树脂固化成型的最佳工艺参数为:加压至(0.5±0.02)MPa,然后升温至(190±3)℃,恒温90min。整个工艺过程中的升温速率保持在1~1.5℃/min之间。     

狭窄翻边蒙皮复合材料热压罐成型技术研究

以窄腔翻边复合材料蒙皮为研究对象,采用热压罐成型工艺方法,根据零件结构形式,分析窄腔成型质量。结果表明:选取Invar钢框架模成型,能够减少固化中热容带来的残余应力释放,减少零件变形;固化过程中,让树脂充分流动和浸润,满足孔隙率要求,成型后零件的孔隙率小于1.5%。零件外形分析结果表明:设计辅助芯模成型、固化复合材料翻边蒙皮操作的铺贴方向和铺贴手法,以及对零件进行预压实,能保证翻边处外形、轮廓度、R角成型质量要求。利用温差补偿技术,探索升温速率对零件力学性能和树脂含量的影响。结果表明:最佳的升温速率为在玻璃化转变温度(T_g)前保持0.5~1.5℃/min,在玻璃化转变温度T_g至保温前选取升温速率为1.5~2.2℃/min至保温。     

热压罐成型复合材料加筋壁板构件固化变形分析

针对热固性复合材料存在较为严重的固化变形问题,通过数值分析的方法对热固性树脂基复合材料加筋壁板的固化变 形进行研究。选取热压罐成型复合材料加筋壁板构件做为研究对象,建立了热固性树脂基复合材料反应动力学模型、热压罐内复 合材料温度场和固化变形场的时变模型,利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件Heat transfer模块计算热传递、General static模块分析变形 场,计算分析温度、压力等典型工艺参数对T型加筋壁板固化变形的影响。结果表明：升温速率取3 K/min,罐内压力取0.4～0.6 MPa,即可满足制件的加工精度要求也能够满足经济性要求;保温温度的提高和保温时间的延长均导致了本例固化变形的减小; 双平台固化的结果不如单平台固化的;铺层一致性越高,对称性越好,固化变形越小。     

筒状复合材料制件热压罐成型温度模拟及影响因素分析

筒状结构是航天飞行器的典型结构形式之一,其在热压罐成型工艺过程中多采用圆筒结构径向平面垂直于热压罐径向平面的放置方式,在其成型过程中筒状结构的迎风面、背风面、侧风面等可能会存在较大的温度分布不均匀现象,针对该问题,基于Fluent软件建立了考虑树脂固化反应放热的温度场分析方法,并选取圆筒结构典型位置的温度变化历程对仿真结果的有效性进行了验证,并且分析了圆筒结构的温度场分布特性。在此基础上,改变热压罐的升温速率,分析了圆筒制件内温度和固化度的分布变化规律。结果表明:对于圆筒结构热压罐成型过程,因为结构特性而带来的温度差异远远大于因传热引起的温度差异;热压罐升温速率从0.5K/min上升至5K/min,圆筒制件迎风面与背风面温度差值最大值仅增大1.1K,最大固化度差值仅增加2.08%,热压罐升温速率对圆筒结构温度场与固化度均匀性影响不大。研究结果对实际生产中圆筒结构的热压罐固化成型工艺优化有一定的指导意义。     

温度制度对纤维增强复合材料挖补修复过程的温度场影响

借助有限元模拟仿真的方法,开展纤维增强复合材料结构在挖补修复过程的补丁固化行为研究。基于材料的温变特性,建立了复合材料结构挖补修复的补丁固化模型,探讨了升温速率和保温时间对挖补修复过程的温度场影响。结果表明,相比于保温时间,升温速率对补丁的固化行为影响更大;在升温速率增大一倍后,补丁固化中心点的温度峰值增加1.1%;温度变化速率和固化反应速率均随升温速率的提高而增加,固化区域产生明显的温度梯度;在本研究中,修复区域的最大温差高达8℃。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.