Sequence design for IIR inverse filter pulse compression

An infinite impulse response (IIR) inverse filter structure is presented, and compared with the performance of two finite impulse response (FIR) designs. The IIR design is shown to provide better performance and be able to improve further (e.g., -1.4 dB in sidelobe levels per unit delay increase for the length-13 Barker sequence) by increasing delay. The performance parameters of this IIR inverse filter suggest a design criterion for sequences on which the filter operates; that is related to the roots of the Z transform polynomial of the sequence. The sidelobe-optimal sequence derived according to this criterion is shown to provide sharper sidelobe reduction (-6 dB per unit delay increase for the sidelobe optimal length-13 sequence)     

Robust extended Kalman filter with input estimation for maneuver tracking

This study investigates the problem of tracking a satellite performing unknown continuous maneuvers. A new method is proposed for estimating both the state and maneuver acceleration of the satellite. The estimation of the maneuver acceleration is obtained by the combination of an unbiased minimum-variance input and state estimation method and a low-pass filter. Then a threshold-based maneuver detection approach is developed to determinate the start and end time of the unknown maneuvers. During the maneuvering period, the estimation error of the maneuver acceleration is modeled as the sum of a fluctuation error and a sudden change error. A robust extended Kalman filter is developed for dealing with the acceleration estimate error and providing state estimation. Simulation results show that, compared with the Unbiased Minimum-variance Input and State Estimation (UMISE) method, the proposed method has the same position estimation accuracy, and the velocity estimation error is reduced by about 5 times during the maneuver period. Besides, the acceleration detection and estimation accuracy of the proposed method is much higher than that of the UMISE method.     

A modified adaptive Kalman filter for real-time applications

A modified adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm is derived for the standard linear problem under an irregular environment where all variances of the zero-mean Gaussian white (system and observation) noises are unknown a priori. This algorithm has certain merits over various existing adaptive schemes in that it is simple, efficient, and suitable for real-time applications. An illustrative numerical example is presented     

Space batteries for mobile battlefield power applications

A review of space power systems was undertaken to identify advanced space batteries for mobile applications. State-of-the-art systems are described. The technology issues that need to be addressed in order to bring these systems along and meet the needs of the user are discussed. Future research directions are examined     

一种液压系统脉动消除器的设计与分析

面向航空液压系统消除压力脉动、提升系统可靠性和寿命的需求,设计了一种液压系统压力脉动消除器。基于流体网络理论建立了脉动消除器及实验系统的理论模型,并考虑安装方式和负载类型的不同,分析了脉动消除器在不同工况下的滤波效果。然后通过仿真方法验证了设计方案的可行性以及理论分析的准确性,仿真过程考虑了系统负载对脉动的影响。最后实验验证了脉动消除器的滤波效果。结果表明：设计的新型结构压力脉动消除器无运动部件、布局紧凑,与飞机液压系统中常用的液压柱塞泵使用匹配度高,是消除液压系统脉动的有效部件;在300~500 Hz的压力脉动频率范围内,研究设计的脉动消除器可以消除10 dB的压力脉动,能够满足飞机液压系统消除压力脉动的需求,在航空领域中具有广泛的应用前景。     

一种MED最优滤波长度选择新方法及其应用

最小熵解卷积（MED）是旋转机械故障诊断领域广泛应用的有效方法,它可以从噪声中提取微弱的故障冲击成分。然而它的有效性依赖于滤波长度的选取,目前,针对MED滤波长度的自动选取并没有明确有效的方法,往往需要人为经验选择。因此,在MED的算法基础上,通过结合自相关函数,提出了一种MED最优滤波长度选择的新方法,该方法构建了一个能量判定标准来衡量输出信号的周期性,从而自适应地确定MED的最优的滤波长度以提升微弱故障信号中的周期脉冲成分,避免MED方法容易出现最大化单一随机脉冲现象的发生。该方法应用于滚动轴承故障微弱冲击特征提取,并利用两个实例进行了有效性验证：基于辛辛那提试验中心的滚动轴承全寿命疲劳加速试验;带机匣的航空发动机转子试验器模拟远离轴承振动源的故障试验。结果表明,所提方法可以消除传递路径影响,提升微弱冲击周期性特征,并且与最大相关峭度解卷积（MCKD）方法相比,诊断结果更具优势。     

基于优化拟形的航空发动机控制器降阶方法

提出了一种基于优化输出拟形的航空发动机多变量控制器降阶方法,并以LQG/LTR控制器降阶为例,成功地将原控制器从8阶降为3阶.首先将控制器分为积分环节部分和稳定子系统部分,采用输出拟形的方法用低阶系统去逼近稳定子系统使二者具有相近的阶跃响应,利用遗传算法优化出低阶系统的参数,将低阶系统和分离出来的积分环节合并后即得到降阶后的控制器.与采用平衡截取Schur降阶方法比较,本方法可将系统阶次降得更低并取得更好的动态响应效果.     

Attitude synchronization for multiple spacecraft with input constraints

The attitude synchronization problem for multiple spacecraft with input constraints is investigated in this paper. Two distributed control laws are presented and analyzed. First, by intro- ducing bounded function, a distributed asymptotically stable control law is proposed. Such a con- trol scheme can guarantee attitude synchronization and the control inputs of each spacecraft can be a priori bounded regardless of the number of its neighbors. Then, based on graph theory, homoge- neous method, and Lyapunov stability theory, a distributed finite-time control law is designed. Rig- orous proof shows that attitude synchronization of multiple spacecraft can be achieved in finite time, and the control scheme satisfies input saturation requirement. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the oroDosed schemes.     

Battery configurations for multi-megawatt pulse power

The capability of lead-acid batteries for supplying very high power for a short time is explored. The application of such a battery for accelerating a hypersonic plane is used to illustrate the requirements. A technique for analyzing batteries and controlling voltage for pulse loads is described. Evaluation of lead-acid batteries in production and voltage regulation by switching batteries in and out are covered. Alternatives to batteries, including superconducting magnetic energy storage, are discussed     

Kalman filter mechanization for INS airstart

A strapdown mechanization and associated Kalman filter are developed to provide both ground align and airstart capabilities for inertial navigation systems (INSs) using Doppler velocity and position fixes, while not requiring an initial heading estimate. Position update during coarse mode is possible by defining sine and cosine of wander angle as filter states and modeling the position error in geographic frame while integrating velocity in the wander frame. INS Global Positioning System (GPS) differential position due to GPS antenna moment arm can aid heading convergence during hover turns in helicopter applications. Azimuth error state in the fine mode of the filter is defined as wander angle error to provide continuous estimation of navigational states, as well as inertial/aiding sensor errors, across the coarse-to-fine mode transition. Though motivated by a tactical helicopter application, the design can be applied to other vehicles. Advantages over conventional systems in addition to the airstart capability include robustness and versatility in handling many different operational conditions     

空间多功能在轨维护机器人系统及其末端执行器设计

空间机器人是空间在轨服务的一种重要工具。以合作目标与非合作目标的在轨维护为目的,通过对现有空间机器人研究现状的调研和分析,提出了基于末端工具可快换的多功能在轨维护机器人系统,并提出多种末端执行器设计方案。其中三指-三瓣式末端执行器作为末端工具快换装置,不仅具有机械接口捕获对接的功能,还具有电力/信号传输功能,以及机械臂动力传输功能;钢丝绳缠绕式末端执行器具有优越的容差和软捕获性能,适合用于实现对安装有捕获接口的合作目标以及非合作目标卫星发动机喷管的捕获;而欠驱动三指末端执行器具有良好的待捕获目标物体形状自适应功能以及软捕获功能,因此可用于对空间形状不规则的太空垃圾等目标进行非合作目标捕获。通过对多功能在轨维护机器人系统及其末端工具快换过程以及末端执行器对目标捕获操作的研究,所提出的基于末端工具快换的多功能在轨维护机器人系统有较好的应用前景。     

输入受限下流体网络系统控制器设计

由于控制的目标是流体的流量,流体网络是一个高阶的非线性系统。以往这方面的工作都是基于多变量线性模型,文中的设计是基于非线性模型。通过引入电路中的图论理论,建立了流体网络控制系统的非线性模型。基于反输入饱和技术,提出了一种反馈线性化的设计方法。综合运用微分包含、控制原理,得到了所设计系统渐近稳定的结论。     

Study of shaping strategies for blisk vane channels by a cup tool

This paper deals with roughing milling of vane channels for axial blisks by a cup tool. The effect of the shaping strategy on waviness of the surfaces being machined and allowance for subsequent operations is determined.     

Energy input for explosive events in the transition zone

It is suggested that the energy input for explosive events in the transition zone comes from precipitating ions, typically of energies of a few×10² keV/nucleon, accelerated in the high corona. The energetics of the process are discussed, together with implications for coronal heating.     

Improved algorithm for estimating pulse repetition intervals

This paper presents an improved algorithm for estimating pulse repetition intervals (PRIs) of an interleaved pulse train which consists of several independent radar signals with different PRIs. The original version of this algorithm is a complex-valued autocorrelation-like integral, which leads to a kind of PRI spectrum wherein the locations of the spectral peaks indicate the PRI values. The original algorithm, however, has a serious drawback in that it is vulnerable to timing jitter (PRI jitter). We analyze the cause of this vulnerability and propose an improved algorithm using overlapped PRI bins which have shifting time origins. The improved algorithm has proven to be quite effective in obtaining the PRI spectrum for jittered pulse trains, which enables detection of mean PRIs by thresholding     

激光诊断技术在脉冲爆震发动机研究中的应用

在美国海军研究生院及斯坦福大学的脉冲爆震发动机（PDE）模型上，应用两种新发展的二极管激光诊断技术－光吸收／高温辐射组合测定法和多路复合可调二极管激光（TDL）技术，测量了其中的温度、各燃烧产物组分等重要参数，并与传统方法所得结果进行对比，说明新方法可靠、准确，适合爆震燃烧流场这种特殊环境，测量精度更高，而且更加简便、快捷。