改善高频宽压控晶振频率温度稳定性方法

高频宽压控晶体振荡器广泛应用于各种接收机和应答机中,工作温度范围通常为-40℃～+85℃。对于该类晶振,极易出现频率温度稳定性相对于其内部石英谐振器明显恶化的现象。对此,从理论上分析了引起恶化的原因,并提出通过合理控制振荡电路的压控范围和石英谐振器的激励功率,可以改善高频宽压控晶振的温频特性。最后,研制并测试了4只102.3MHz压控晶振,结果优于指标要求,充分验证了方法的有效性。     

GPS锁定晶振的数据处理方法研究

针对GPS锁定晶振频率标准,提出了一种滑动平均值法滤波方法,通过这种算法建立新的取样值与历史取样值相关性,适当选取取样点数形成滑动滤波窗口,改变的滑动滤波窗口大小,能有效克服GPS接收机输出的1×10-6的波动影响,可以在很短的时间间隔内解算出被控晶振与GPS的偏差值,应用于控制算法,不断修正压控晶振的频率,使压控晶振锁定在GPS上。     

200MHz小型化高稳恒温晶振的研究

介绍一种新型小型化高频高稳定恒温晶振,输出频率200 MHz,频率老化率优于1×10-8/d,静态相位噪声可达到 ￡(100 Hz)≤-110 dBc/Hz。整个晶振的体积只有40 mm×40mm×75 mm,重量小于160 g。本文详细阐述了小型化设计思想,讨论了影响稳定度的理论和实践因素,给出晶振电气性能测试数据。     

一种全集成化的温补晶体振荡器

介绍了一种全集成化的温度补偿晶体振荡器 (以下简称温补晶振 )的原理及应用。它采用三次函数电压发生器得到温度补偿电压 ;采用软件的方法实现频率的自动调整。由于采用这种新的补偿方法 ,使得它便于集成化 ,因此它具有体积小、功耗低的优点。其输出信号的频率稳定性可在宽温范围 (- 30℃～ + 85℃ )下达到± 1× 10 - 6 。基于这些优点 ,这种集成温补晶振可在对体积和功耗要求严格的领域 ,尤其是在便携式设备中得到广泛的应用。     

一种小型高频恒温晶体振荡器设计

恒温晶体振荡器因其频率稳定度高、相位噪声低,在军用电子设备和民用通信领域得到广泛的应用。本文介绍了一种100MHz小型恒温晶振,该产品外形尺寸为25.4mm×25.4mm×12.7mm,采用SC切晶体。振荡电路使用改进的Colpitts电路,控温电路则为双运放直流放大连续控温结构。测试结果表明,产品相位噪声达到-140dBc/Hz@100Hz、-160dBc/Hz@1kHz、-172dBc/Hz@100kHz;短期稳定度达2.11E-12/1s;在-40℃～70℃的工作温度范围内,频率温度稳定性达到±3.0E-8。     

高频高稳恒温晶体振荡器设计

本文采用低频高稳振荡与低噪声倍频相结合的方法,并进行精密控温设计,研制了一种高频高稳恒温晶体振荡器,输出频率为100MHz,短期频率稳定度可以实现2.68E-13/s,2.54E-12/100s,老化率优于7E-11/d,谐波优于-50dBc。经随机振动、冲击和温度冲击等环境试验考核,晶振试验前后频率变化均小于±5E-9,可以很好地满足多领域应用对高频高稳定信号源的需求,可靠性高,有利于简化系统构成,缩小设备体积。     

北京轩宇空间科技有限公司

<正>6U CPCI模拟量采集板◆基于32位CPCI总线;◆6U CPCI结构;◆采用16位ADC;◆通道数量:128单端通道,64差分通道;◆采集速度大于100ksamples/s;◆采集精度优于0.1%;◆量程可设置:±2.5V,0~5V;◆总线隔离,隔离电可控;◆驱动时钟:50MHz;◆FPGA逻辑控制;◆工作温度:0℃~+60℃相对湿度:10%~90%;◆存储温度:-40℃-+85℃相对湿度:5%~95%。     

北京轩宇空间科技有限公司

<正>6U CPCI模拟量采集板基于32位CPCI总线;6U CPCI结构;采用16位ADC;通道数量:128单端通道,64差分通道;采集速度大于100ksamples/s;采集精度优于0.1%;量程可设置:±2.5V,0~5V;总线隔离,隔离电可控;驱动时钟:50MHz;FPGA逻辑控制;工作温度:0℃~+60℃相对湿度:10%~90%;存储温度:-40℃~+85℃相对湿度:5%~95%。     

GPS锁定晶体振荡器的数据处理方法研究

针对GPS锁定晶振频率标准,提出了一种滑动平均值法滤波方法,通过这种算法建立新的取样值与历史取样值相关性,适当选取取样点数形成滑动滤波窗口,改变滑动滤波窗口大小,能有效克服GPS接收机输出的1×10^-6的波动影响,可以在很短的时间间隔内解算出被控晶振与GPS的偏差值。应用于控制算法,不断修正压控晶振的频率,使晶体振荡器锁定在GPS频率标准上。     

一种新型微机补偿晶体振荡器

提出了一种以微处理器 +单一A/D、D/A数据处理芯片的新型微机补偿晶体振荡器。该温补晶振的频率稳定度≤± 2× 10 -7(- 4 5℃～ +85℃ ) ,体积 35× 2 4× 10mm3 ,平均功耗≤ 30mW。     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Learning in an immersive digital theater

The Houston Museum of Natural Science, in collaboration with Rice University has an outreach program taking portable digital theaters to schools and community sites for over five years and has conducted research on student learning in this immersive environment. By using an external independent evaluator, the effectiveness of NASA-funded Education and Public Outreach (EPO) projects can be assessed. This paper documents interactive techniques and learning strategies in full-dome digital theaters. The presentation is divided into Evaluation Strategies and Results and Interactivity Strategies and Results. All learners from grades 3–12 showed statistically significant short-term increase in knowledge of basic Earth science concepts after a single 22-min show. Improvements were more significant on items that were taught using more than one modality of instruction: hearing, seeing, discussion, and immersion. Thus immersive theater can be an effective as well as engaging teaching method for Earth and Space science concepts, particularly those that are intrinsically three-dimensional and thus most effectively taught in an immersive environment. The portable system allows taking the educational experience to rural and tribal sites where the underserved students could not afford the time or expense to travel to museums.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

基于最小值原理的冗余度机器人动力学控制

为了解冗余度机器人全局法优化中数值求解的困难,本文讨论了动力学方程的建立,无约束和有约束最优控制问题之间的内在联系,重点分析了求解最优控制问题的数值方法,文中提出了双向异步积分迭代的求解正则方程组的直接迭代法,较好解决了状态方程和协态方程稳定相逆给求解两点这值问题带来的困难。     

基于GPS载波相位的微卫星姿态算法研究

GPS姿态系统是利用GPS载波相位测量来确定载体的航向和姿态角。本文对微卫星的GPS姿态系统进行了研究。重点解决短基线的GPS状态算法，讨论了姿态价格函数的了小化方法。测试结果表明，所提的算法对小于1m的基线是有效的。