论漂泊生涯中杜甫的人生追求

杜甫一生创作了大量诗歌,今存一千四百余首。仅漂泊西南十一年间所创作的诗篇即占其作品总数的百分之七十以上。其西南诗不仅数量多,而且所表现出的深邃思想内涵和炉火纯青的艺术技巧,为我们展现了一位老而弥坚、不断追求的＂诗圣＂形象。在杜甫研究的领域内,本文第一次较为全面、深入地探讨了西南漂泊生涯与客寓意识对杜甫人生追求的影响,推动其后期乡国君民诗登上一个新的高度。     

当高尔夫不再孤独

你可曾遇到过这样的尴尬?带着一家人去旅行,经过一家高尔夫俱乐部后兴致大发,但动辄4个多小时的一场球却不得不让上你"抛妻弃子"……对于大部分家庭而言,高尔夫是一项"孤独"的运动,但好在,顾家的男士们还有高尔夫度假村可以选择,当你在阳光下沙坑里挥汗如雨地救球时,你的太太可能正在泳池里沐浴阳光高尔夫度假村让高尔夫变得不再孤单……     

Perspectives for Strategic Analysis in Advancing Ocean Technology

There is a growing need for the scientist, engineer, and administrator to better understand the kinds of overall, across-the-board planning problems involved in the development of off-shore coastal areas. A recommended approach is to use systems analysis techniques. Principles will be set forth on maintaining and improving the quality of the ocean environment, with considerations of cost in so doing. Each proponent of an aspect of ocean technology usually believes that his field must be greatly enlarged in the near future. Along with these advances there is the likelihood of unnecessary social costs emanating from undesirable modifications of the environment. In making the analysis, an early step is to identify specific needs and appropriate roles. A next step is to lay out alternatives for achieving objectives both within a given organization and external to it. The alternatives may be appraised through their costs and benefits. But how do you make choices between goals when resources are limited? How can we gather the data, accomplish the evaluation, and do the planning that will make rational choices possible? This paper elucidates the problems involved in these kinds of questions and suggests methodology that might lead toward solutions.     

大气层内拦截弹微分对策制导律对策空间分布研究

 摘〓要〖HTSS〗: 为提高机动性和操作性,大气层内拦截弹多采用气动力/喷流反作用力（RCS）复合控制系统。在RCS工作时间有限的条件下,建立线性化对策模型,并利用微分对策理论研究了复合控制系统对3种可能对策空间的分布影响。RCS的使用时机不同,其对微分对策空间分布的影响也不同。基于对策空间的分布确定了RCS的使用时机,并给出了适合实际应用的制导策略。仿真研究表明本文提出的应用时机与制导策略能够实现气动力与RCS之间的有机结合,使制导指令达到最优分配,显著地提高了制导精度。     

Closed-loop, estimator-based model of human posture following reduced gravity exposure

A computational and experimental method is employed to provide an understanding of a critical human space flight problem, posture control following reduced gravity exposure. In the case of an emergency egress, astronauts' postural stability could be life saving. It is hypothesized that muscular gains are lowered during reduced gravity exposure, causing a feeling of heavy legs, or a perceived feeling of muscular weakness, upon return to Earth's 1 g environment. We developed an estimator-based model that is verified by replicating spatial and temporal characteristics of human posture and incorporates an inverted pendulum plant in series with a Hill-type muscle model, two feedback pathways, a central nervous system estimator, and variable gains. Results obtained by lowering the variable muscle gain in the model support the hypothesis. Experimentally, subjects were exposed to partial gravity (3/8 g) simulation on a suspension apparatus, then performed exercises postulated to expedite recovery and alleviate the heavy legs phenomenon. Results show that the rms position of the center of pressure increases significantly after reduced gravity exposure. Closed-loop system behavior is revealed, and posture is divided into a short-term period that exhibits higher stochastic activity and persistent trends and a long-term period that shows relatively low stochastic activity and antipersistent trends.     

基于标准特征多项式的横侧向飞控系统设计

采用基于标准特征多项式的飞控系统设计方法设计了某型飞机横侧向通道倾斜姿态保持和航向保持控制律,并进行了仿真研究。控制律的设计过程和仿真结果表明,该方法可以确切地给出系统的过渡过程时间和超调量,避免了任意选择初始参数值的盲目性和经验性,大大简化了飞控系统设计的工作量。     

Achieving a hands-free computer interface using voice recognitionand speech synthesis [for Windows-based ATE]

Software designers at Hill Air Force Base have developed a voice recognition and speech synthesis system (Voice Control) for use with the F-16 Analog Test Station Sustainment (FATSS) project. The Voice Control system is reliable, speaker independent, and has a total added hardware price tag of under $50.00 per station. In contrast to traditional voice recognition systems, operator training is not required. OO-ALC has developed a general-purpose internal interface (Voice Control) to the Speech Recognition and Text-To-Speech engines provided by Microsoft. Voice Control can be accessed by any 32-bit Windows software, which has windows messaging capability. This is available to standard programming languages such as LabWindows CVI, Borland or Microsoft C/C++, Visual Basic, or even commercial packages such as Lotus Notes and Microsoft Word. Through Voice Control, the computer uses both video and voice prompts to request input from the operator. The operator is allowed to enter data and to control the software flow by voice command or from the keyboard or mouse. The Voice Control system allows for dynamic specification of a grammar set, or legal set of commands. The use of a reduced grammar set greatly increases recognition accuracy. The computer voice enables the operator to focus his attention away from the computer screen, which is required for activities such as probing a circuit card and taking readings. When the operator takes readings, the computer, to insure reliable entry, echoes his voice entries. With electronic tuning, speech synthesis allows the operator to hear the resulting reading, enabling him to focus on the circuit card instead of constantly turning his head to see the computer screen. This paper describes the capability and functionality of the Voice Control system     

从科学管理到道本管理

目前这本书是我在山东教育台十四集电视节目《道本管理——让心灵回家》的文字版,比起音像版来,这个文字版又增加和补充了一些全新的内容。这本书的主题和内容是我自1983年学习西方管理开始,经历了近三十年的实践、研究、学习和思考的历程之后的心得,是在对西方管理的崇尚和实践遭遇瓶颈之后的一次对管理思想和实践的突破,是对许多企业管理问题的重新思考与定位。上个世纪九十年代,在熟悉使用西方的管理方法之后,在实践中为了解决企业中的问题,更是把这套管理模式中的制度化、标准化、程序化做到了极致,以为管理中所有的问题都可以被囊括,都     

大型飞机机身调姿与对接试验系统

为实现飞机大部件装配过程的数字化、自动化和柔性化,研制了大型飞机机身调姿与对接试验系统.阐述了该系统的工作原理,通过激光跟踪仪测量试验机身上的检测点,集成管理系统计算试验机身的位姿,控制系统驱动多个三坐标数控定位器协同运动,实现试验机身的调姿与对接.建立了位姿调整机构的运动学模型,针对构建的硬件平台完成了包括集成管理系...     

自主空战机动决策方法综述

自主空战机动决策是基于数学优化、人工智能等方法,模拟飞行员空战决策,自动生成飞行控制指令的过程。它在空战仿真、飞行员辅助决策和无人战斗机自主飞行等领域广泛运用。根据求解思路的不同,综合论述了两类自主空战机动决策方法:针对基于对策的空战决策方法,阐述了从追逃对策到双目标对策的发展脉络和内在联系,并着重分析了两类重要的双目标对策模型——矩阵对策和影响图对策;针对基于人工智能的空战决策方法,系统论述了基于专家系统的机动决策、基于遗传学习系统的机动决策、基于人工免疫系统的机动决策和基于神经网络的机动决策,明确了各种决策的建模方法、适用条件、改进途径等问题。总结了各个空战机动决策方法的优点及不足,指出了自主空战机动决策的进一步研究思路。     

Dynamics Analysis of Close-coupling Multiple Helicopters System

The particularity and practicality of harmony operations of close-coupling multiple helicopters indicate that the researches on it are urgent and necessary, Using the model that describes two hovering helicopters carrying one heavy load, an inertia coordinate system and body coordinate systems of each sub-system are established. A nonlinear force model is established too. The equilibrium computation results can be regarded as the reference control inputs of the flight control system under hovering or low-speed flight condition. After the establishment of a translation kinematics model and a posture kinematics model, a coupling dynamics model of the multiple helicopter system is set up. The results can also be regarded as the base to analyze stabilization and design a controller for a close-coupling multiple helicopters harmony operation system.     

失效卫星姿态接管的并行学习合作博弈控制

针对多颗微小卫星合作接管失效卫星姿态运动的问题,研究了考虑微小卫星控制约束的多星合作博弈策略学习与协同控制方法。首先,建立了微小卫星合作博弈模型,给出了能够处理微小卫星控制约束的多星合作博弈帕累托最优策略显式表达式。其次,针对微小卫星合作博弈策略学习需求,通过过去与当前时刻数据的并行使用,设计了基于并行学习的策略迭代方法,该方法放松了神经网络（NN）权值矢量学习对持续激励条件的要求。给出了为确保神经网络权值矢量估值收敛,所使用的过去时刻数据所需满足的条件,并通过Lyapunov方法分析了神经网络权值矢量估计误差的一致最终有界性。之后,采用并行学习策略迭代方法进行了微小卫星合作博弈帕累托最优策略数值解的逼近。所获得的合作博弈策略具有反馈控制形式,在进行神经网络权值矢量学习后,各微小卫星能够通过合作博弈策略的独立计算实现失效卫星姿态运动接管过程中的闭环协同控制。所设计方法避免了传统姿态控制方法所需进行的力矩分配,消除了微小卫星数量对其控制计算复杂度的影响。最后,通过数值仿真对所设计方法的有效性进行了验证。     

Libration and end body swing stabilization of a parallel partial space elevator system

This paper studies the libration and stabilization of a parallel partial space elevator system in circular orbits. The system is made up of two paralleled partial space elevators, each of which consists of one main satellite, one end body and a climber moving along the tether between them. The libration characteristics of the elevator are studied through numerical analysis by a new dynamic model, and a novel control strategy is proposed to stabilize the swing of the end body by projecting the climber speeds only. Optimal control method is used to implement the new control strategy in the case where the climbers move in opposite direction. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy whose application will neither sacrifice the transport efficiency nor exacerbate libration significantly.     

钛合金铆钉热铆一次合格率提升方法研究

针对现有钛合金铆钉热铆存在的镦头成型不足、镦头表面灼伤、钉头现灰黄色氧化层等问题,分析得出其主要原因是铆接加热时间未精确控制和铆接过程带电,提出了一种钛合金铆钉热铆系统优化方法,基于PLC实现加热时间参数化控制和铆接自动断电功能,通过铆钉加热试验获得多组铆钉温度和对应加热时间数据,采用牛顿插值法得到铆钉加热至目标温度时所需加热时间,形成一套针对不同长度和直径铆钉的热铆工艺参数,最后通过热铆试验确定钛合金铆钉热铆一次合格率获得大幅提升。     

基于关键装配特性的大型零部件最佳装配位姿多目标优化算法

为了控制装配过程中的关键装配特性,以大尺寸测量技术为辅助,实现大型零部件最优位姿装配,提出基于关键装配特性的大型零部件最佳装配位姿多目标优化算法。该方法将测量辅助装配(MAA)中的关键环节——最佳装配位姿拟合问题分为两步:第1步利用基于奇异值分解的解析方法将测量坐标系与装配现场的全局坐标系进行精确的空间配准,减小了坐标系对齐的误差,并以参考点拟合的偏差为优化目标,求解移动装配体当前位姿;第2步根据装配关键特性相关公差的重要程度,计算装配综合精度要求,并以最小综合偏差为优化目标求解移动装配体间的最佳装配位姿。随后给出了上述两个步骤的粒子群优化算法模型,将每步的待求解位姿作为一个拥有3个旋转自由度与3个平移自由度的粒子进行求解。最后对卫星舱段位姿最优装配问题进行仿真计算,结果证明了该优化算法在控制各项关键特性、提高综合装配质量等方面的有效性。     

一类非线性系统的D型在线学习控制

结合对初始状态的学习,给出了一类输出方程不含控制变量的时变非线性系统的D型在线学习控制算法及其收敛条件。其特点是将学习误差在线反馈,且迭代初始状态只需通过理想信号及系统的部分信息即可确定。最后,将所得结论应用于机器人系统,表明本文方法是有效的。     

基于模糊理论的微分对策制导律

在现代战场环境下，导弹制导所需信息经常受到各种干扰，有时甚至是不确定的。而基于精确模型的微分对策制导律的实时实现面临着许多困难。为解决这个问题，尝试将模糊理论与微分策制导律相结合，采用多级模糊控制规则，以导弹怀收音机格半为例，给出了模型的建立方法，并探讨了这种模糊微分对策制导律实现的可行性和优点，为将来发展基于微分对策理论的智能制导律提供了一定的思路。     

基于自组织映射网络的故障诊断推理方法研究

从故障诊断基本形式出发，结合飞机刹车系统故障的各类特点，研究了基于Kohonen自组织映射网络理论的故障推理模型，并且应用到起落架刹车系统故障诊断中。该方法只需选择听，具有代表性的故障样本训练神经网络，他将代表故障的信息输入给训练好的神经网络，根据神经网络的输出结果，就可以判断出发生故障的类型。该模型除能识别已训练过的故障，还能识别未训练过的故障，并且聚类能力强，速度快，因此，很符合复杂系统的故障诊断。     

Moving horizon Nash strategies for a military air operation

Dynamic game theory has recently received considerable attention as a possible technology for formulating control actions for decision makers in an extended complex enterprise that involves an adversary. Examples of such enterprises are very common in military operations. Enterprises of this type are typically modeled by a highly nonlinear discrete time dynamic system whose state is controlled by two teams of decision makers each with a different objective function and possibly with a different hierarchy of decision making. Because of the complexity of such systems, the traditional solutions from dynamic game theory that involve optimizing objective functions over the entire time horizon of the system are computationally extremely difficult, if not impossible, to derive. We discuss a solution approach where at each step the controllers limit the computation of their actions to a short time horizon that may involve only the next few time steps. This moving horizon solution, although suboptimal in the global sense, is very useful in taking into account the possible near-term control actions of the adversary. To illustrate this solution methodology, we consider an example of an extended military enterprise that involves two opposing forces engaged in a battle.     

人工神经网络在CAPP系统开发工具中的应用

探讨了基于神经网络理论在ＣＡＰＰ系统开发工具的应用;建立了工艺过程设计系统的ＡＮＮ模型;详细讨论了工艺过程设计系统的推理机制,并给出了用集成ＢＰ网络选择加工方法及通过改进Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ网络确定工艺路线的过程。