基于GRU的仪表着陆系统故障预测方法研究

故障预测技术在保障仪表着陆系统的可靠运行、提高空管效能等方面具有重要应用价值。结合仪表着陆系统运行特征和实际运行维护工作,提出一种基于GRU 的仪表着陆系统故障预测方法。以航向信标为研究对象,在分析其监控参数与设备运行状态之间的关系后,将监控参数作为故障特征参数;根据监控参数时间步长、时变性特征显著的特点,采用GRU 预测监控参数的未来变化趋势;根据监控参数的隶属函数计算出参数未来时刻可能发生“故障”的概率,实现对航向信标故障的预测。结果表明：基于GRU 的预测方法的相对预测精度在95% 以上。     

Ⅱ类仪表着陆系统的性能要求和建设方案

Ⅱ类仪表着陆系统对提高民航机场的精密进近导航能力，保障低能见度情况下民航飞行安全和提高航班正常率能起到巨大的促进作用，但同时对系统性能、设备配置、台址设置和临界区保护也提出了更严格的要求，笔者根据国际民航组织和中国民航总局有关仪表着陆系统技术要求和运行规定，结合设计和建设北京首都机场Ⅱ类仪表着陆系统的经验，对系统的性能要求、设备配置方案、台和保护区以及飞行校验应注意的问题进行了较为系统的论述。     

导航设备集中监控系统中数字信号的采集方法

本文介绍了在导航设备集中监控系统研制过程中几种导航设备上数字信号的采集方法，其中包括MK-Ⅱ型仪表着陆系统、DVOR-512D全向信标机及AWA公司的DVOR/DME设备的数字信号采集方法。采集过程由单片机完成，并可与智能终端进行数据交换。     

浅谈仪表着陆系统相关原理及飞行校验

本文着重介绍仪表着陆系统在实际工作中与系统运行、维护密切相关的基本原理，并以willcox公司的MK10型仪表着陆系统为例对飞行校验进行阐述。     

FAA进行采用GPS的3类着陆试验

威尔科克斯公司和E系统公司将开始试飞两种不同的增强差分GPS(DGPS)系统,试图验证系统能否达到3类仪表着陆所需的精度。即将进行的试验是FAA验证GPS可作为微波着陆系统(MLS)的富有生命力的替代方案的大量工作的一部分,FAA在70年代研制过用来取代长期在使用的仪表着陆系统(ILS)的微波着陆系统(MLS)。     

飞机着陆系统的现状与发展

论述了仪表着陆系统(ILS)、微波着陆系统(MLS)的作用及应用前景和主要优缺点。提出在未来MLS系统逐步取代ILS系统的过程中,ILS／MLS组合着陆系统导航设备的应用与发展。     

简讯

加拿大追随美国撤消微波着陆系统加拿大政府将与主承包商“微波导航国际公司”谈判,中止它的微波着陆系统(MLS)合同。加运输部长道格拉斯·扬说,加拿大正致力于继续使用仪表着陆系统,尽量延长其使用时间,然后计划改用星基着陆设备。扬认为,加能保护仪表着陆系统的完整性至少到2005年,也许能满足国际上的要求。国际民航组织正在制     

浅谈场面监视雷达系统在北京首都机场的应用

为提高首都机场的运行保障能力，特别是涉及空中飞行器安全的空管设施的建设，经过十几年来的建设，首都机场已经建成了由卫星、数字微波网、光纤等先进技术组成的通信网，改善了数话通信质量，提高了效率，使雷达信息的传输、飞行情报传输和对空指挥通信畅通、便捷；机场导航设备也不断完善，配置了本场DVOR／DME，双向着陆方向都配备了仪表着陆系统，现运行的36R ILS已具备Ⅱ类开放标准；     

仪表着陆系统下滑信标台的场地保护——兼论《国家标准GB6364-86》的严密性

做好航空导航台站的电磁环境保护,是确保导航设备正常运行的一个重要手段,本文以仪表着陆系统的下滑信标台为例,论述了辐射信号的反射区、保护区场地平整及要求等。     

微波着陆地面设备维护计算机软件系统研究

维护计算机是微波着陆系统（MIS）地面设备的重要附属设备。针对微波着陆系统地面设备维护计算机的具体需求,详细分析了微波着陆系统地面设备维护计算机与相关台站的信息交互关系,介绍了维护计算机软件模块组成、通信协议、实现流程及实现的主要关键技术。该软件已成功运行于某微波着陆系统中。     

ILS-a safe bet for your future landings

An argument is presented in favor of the ILS (instrument landing system), the principal components of which are the localizer, which provides lateral guidance to the pilot, and the glide slope, which gives the vertical guidance. A pilot flying these signals precisely will end up over the hard surface runway with the ILS receiving antenna, wherever it is mounted on the aircraft, being about 20 ft above the touchdown point. The safety record and evolution of the ILS are examined, and a pilot's view of ILS (that of the author, an engineer who has worked with ILS since 1957 and a pilot who has used ILS safely for over 30 years) is given. System availability is discussed, and comments concerning future use are offered     

基于GSM/GPRS的无线监控系统设计

介绍了以嵌入式监控终端、用户手机和远程监控中心计算机构建的无线监控系统的设计.着重论述了无线模块在嵌入式系统中的应用方法.介绍了通过无线模块发送和接收短消息以实现对现场设备的监控方法;分析了如何依靠无线模块经过GPRS网络与接入Internet的固定IP计算机建立连接并进行通讯.结果表明,在现有的移动通讯网络覆盖的区域,利用本系统可以完成对现场设备的在线数据采集、远程无线数据传输与监控.在露天场所、野外、移动作业环境或有线网络无法接入的地点建立数据采集与监控系统时,基于GSM/GPRS网络的嵌入式远程无线监控解决方案具有突出的优势.     

转子倾斜对交错式迷宫密封动静特性的影响

建立了交错式迷宫密封数值分析模型,并通过基于微元理论的密封动力特性系数理论识别方法研究了转子倾斜对密封动静特性的影响。结果表明：转子倾斜可降低交错式迷宫密封泄漏量,倾斜角为0.6°时泄漏量降低约2.5%,且进出口压比越大,效果越显著;转子倾斜带来的交错式密封腔室几何形状与齿径向间隙变化使得腔室在周向存在压力分布不均,且随倾斜角增加而增大;密封各腔室对系统稳定性影响规律不同,与交错式迷宫密封腔室的几何特性有关,密封腔室进口靠近转子、出口远离转子的腔室局部出现逆转动方向的速度场,能提高密封系统稳定性,而密封腔室进口远离转子、出口靠近转子的腔室则降低系统稳定性;整个密封段的有效阻尼随倾斜角增大而增大,转子在密封段中心倾斜不会降低交错式迷宫系统的稳定性。     

Flight safety performance of the microwave landing system

The microwave landing system (MLS), which is scheduled to be implemented progressively over the next 10 years, is intended to supply the instrument landing system (ILS) as the international standard landing aid. MLS has been demonstrated to be superior to ILS from both performance and reliability standpoints, yet considerable debate persists on its relative merits. Although tolerance criteria for flight safety are embedded in these comparisons, flight safety has not been a major component of these discussions. The reasons why flight safety has not been an issue are addressed, and observations on the flight safety of MLS are related from a systems point of view. The effect of MLS on airport capacity is identified as a central issue. Observations are derived from a review of available documentation and operational results to date as well as discussions with the participants     

RF航段衔接ILS进近程序的最大下降角设计方法

RNP 程序的RF 航段与传统ILS 精密进近程序相结合能充分利用两类程序的优势,但两种程序的过渡阶段需要考虑最大下降角度的设计。本文分析过渡阶段程序的平面与剖面几何设计参数限制条件,以及从星基导航方式转为陆基无线电导航方式需要稳定截获航向信号与下滑台信号的运行限制条件;结合两种限制条件,设计一种可以从不同最后进近定位点（FAP）高度计算下滑道的偏离量与到最后航向截获点（FACF）的弧距离关系进行判断,从而确定最大下降角度的方法,并进行仿真验证。结果表明：该方法可以在不同过渡航渡长度与不同最后进近下降角度的限制下,根据给定最高程序假设温度计算得到符合两种限制条件的最大下降角,为RNP 程序与ILS 程序衔接过渡的下降剖面设计提供了一种基于理论基础且具有可行性的设计方法。     

The case for ILS

In response to the interest and activity in microwave landing systems (MLSs), the capability of instrument landing systems (ILSs) is examined and a case for their continued implementation is made. The changes that have been made with respect to electronic hardware, monitoring, and antenna systems in response to more stringent demands are reviewed. It is argued that there is no technical impediment to the installation of additional and upgraded ILS installations over the 1990s and that these installations would be cost effective and pay back the investments before being displaced by MLS     

Comments on “Effect of wet snow an the null-reference ILSsystem”

The subject paper (July 1993) has raised some issues regarding the probability of the Instrument Landing System (ILS) radiating out-of-tolerance vertical guidance signals. An independent study has substantiated the findings of that paper and adds further concern regarding some FAA ILS snow procedures. The principal conclusions of this paper are: 1) an analysis, based on Walton's discovery of rare snow conditions that cause the null-reference ILS antenna image to disappear, indicates that these conditions can cause out-of-tolerance guidance signals, 2) operation without a monitor of the image radiation can result in signal-in-space guidance signal errors that are significantly beyond the intended limit values, and 3) the integrity of image glide path equipment in snow environments does not satisfy the ILS integrity requirements     

Optimization and improvement of ac resistance calculation method for multi-phase parallel-wiring cables

Parallel-wiring cables are often used in multi-phase AC aircraft Electrical Power Systems(EPSs). However, it complicates the ac resistance estimation. To solve this issue, an analytical resistance calculation method for parallel-wiring cables in multi-phase EPS was proposed. Firstly, the existing calculation formula of proximity factor was optimized, and the calculation error was reduced from 16% to 2% when two conductors are close to each other. Afterwards, the superposition effect on current d...     

不同进口截面下液力透平非定常压力脉动计算

为了研究不同进口截面对液力透平内压力脉动的影响,利用CFX软件对一单级液力透平进行非定常数值计算,通过设置监测点,计算各监测点在不同进口截面下的压力脉动,通过快速傅里叶变换将其压力脉动计算结果做相应分析,分析各监测点处压力脉动的时域和频域分布.结果表明:蜗壳内在大蜗壳进口下,随着蜗壳进口直径的增加,每个监测点处的压力逐渐增加,而在小蜗壳进口下,每个监测点处的压力逐渐减小.在距离蜗壳收缩管较远处,大蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小,而在距离收缩管较近处,小蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小.在叶轮内不同进口截面压力脉动的差异在同一时刻从进口到出口逐渐减小.尾水管内在小蜗壳进口下尾水管进口处的压力脉动最大.