Si3N4-TiN-SiC复相陶瓷的燃烧合成

利用高压气－固燃烧合成法,以ＴｉＳｉ２和ＳｉＣ为原料制备了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＴｉＮ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷,实验中发现反应过程中出现的液相降低了产物的转子率;分析了稀释剂对产物的转化率与燃烧温度的影响及氮气压力在燃烧中的作用;解决了液相,稀剂和燃烧温度之间的矛盾,即通过提高氮气压力来完成。     

注射成形工艺结合先驱体转化法制备碳化硅陶瓷

选择一种石蜡基多聚物粘结剂体系,在固含量为52vol%及最佳注射参数下,注射出良好的碳化硅陶瓷复杂件坯体,以二步法溶剂脱脂和热脱脂为脱脂工艺,得到的热脱脂坯通过聚碳硅烷先驱体溶液在真空下浸渍,并在1200℃氮气氛下裂解,使生坯密度提高到1.75g/cm3以上,再将烧结坯体于2100℃,Ar气氛下,保温1h进行固相烧结,得到的碳化硅陶瓷复杂件密度为3.11g/cm3,致密度为97%.     

先驱体转化─热压烧结法制备Cf/SiC复合材料

以Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３为烧结结助剂体系,研究了烧结助剂体系及其含量对Ｃｆ／ＳｉＣ复合材料密度与动力学性能的影响,结果表明,以Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３为烧结助剂时,复合的力学性能优于烧结肋剂为ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３时复合材料的力学性能,当烧结助剂为Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３时,随着烧结助剂含时的增加,复合材料力学笥能不断提高,断裂韧性在烧结助剂含量为１２％时达到最大值１４．８３ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２,进一步增中烧结助剂的含量,复合材料的抗弯强度叶有提高,但断裂韧性急剧降低,烧结助剂含量超过１５％后,抗弯强度也急剧降低,结果同时证明,复合材料的断裂行为取决于纤维／基体间的界面结合强度,即纤维／基体间的界面结合情况是决定纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料力学笥能的关键因素。     

Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ４ Ｃ－Ｃ 系的燃烧反应机理

针对Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ４Ｃ－Ｃ 反应体系ꎬ在进行热力学分析的基础上ꎬ采用燃烧合成法制备了复相陶瓷粉

体ꎬ采用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ 对反应产物的物相和组织结构进行表征ꎬ探讨了燃烧反应机理ꎮ 研究结果表明ꎬ所制备复

相陶瓷由Ｔｉ３ＳｉＣ２、ＴｉＢ２、ＴｉＣ 三相组成ꎬ其质量分数分别为４４.２％、２７.９％、２７.９％ꎮ ＴｉＢ２相以棱角分明的颗粒形

态存在ꎬＴｉＣ 相以不规则的球形颗粒存在ꎬ两种颗粒弥散分布于具有典型层状结构Ｔｉ３ＳｉＣ２基体中ꎮ Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ４ＣＣ

体系反应机理可以概括为Ｔｉ 与Ｃ 的燃烧反应、Ｔｉ－Ｓｉ 熔体的形成、Ｂ 的还原与Ｔｉ３ ＳｉＣ２ 的合成、ＴｉＢ２ 的生成与

长大四个基本过程ꎮ

     

Al2O3(YAG)/LaPO4层状陶瓷复合材料研究

选择Al2O3(YAG)作为基体片层材料,LaPO4作为界面层材料,采用凝胶注模成型技术制备出基体层材料的坯片,然后在基体层坯片上采用浸渍或喷涂工艺附着界面层材料,最后将坯片叠置于模具中热压烧结.制备的陶瓷复合材料微观结构均匀,基体片层厚度为110-150μm,界面层厚度为10～30μm,实测层厚比为11.重点研究工艺参数及界面层成分对层状陶瓷复合材料室温性能的影响.结果表明,氧化物基层状陶瓷复合材料的抗弯强度比基体材料略有下降,但室温断裂韧性达到了13.52MPa·m1/2,是基体材料断裂韧性的3倍.对比氧化物基层状陶瓷复合材料与基体材料在断裂过程中裂纹扩展路径的差异.     

双氨源合成SiBN陶瓷前驱体及其裂解行为

以三氯化硼和甲基氢二氯硅烷为原料，通过与六甲基二硅氮烷和氨气的分步反应合成液态前驱体，在氨气中裂解脱碳得到SiBN陶瓷，改变投料比实现对前驱体陶瓷产率与元素组成的调控。采用NMR、FTIR、XRD、SEM、元素分析等方法对前驱体裂解过程及其不同温度陶瓷产物进行细致分析。结果表明，前驱体经过900 ℃氨气裂解完成陶瓷化过程，裂解产物中的硼含量超过13 %（w），经过1 400 ℃氮气或空气处理的陶瓷产物保持无定型态，具有良好的耐高温及抗氧化性。     

氮化硼陶瓷前驱体的制备及表征

以三氯化硼和六甲基二硅氮烷为原料制备了聚硼氮烷预聚体,再经高分子化制备了可溶的氮化硼陶瓷前驱体—聚硼氮烷.该法合成工艺简单,反应温和.采用凝胶渗透色谱、核磁共振氢谱、傅里叶红外光谱、热失重分析仪、元素分析等对预聚体高分子化过程中的分子量变化、高分子化机理、聚硼氮烷的裂解过程、所得陶瓷的元素组成进行了研究.结果表明,高分子化过程中主要发生了六甲基二硅氮烷脱除和转氨基反应.所得聚硼氮烷重均分子量为7 582,氮气下1 000℃时的陶瓷产率为41.6 wt％,陶瓷化转变主要发生在400～600℃,800℃时陶瓷化转变基本进行完毕,800℃氨气下裂解得到低C含量的白色氮化硼陶瓷,进一步在1 500℃氩气中裂解可得到结晶度较高的氮化硼陶瓷.     

RTM的编织预成型工艺及其应用展望

本文评述了２Ｄ编织、３Ｄ编织、编结（ｂｒａｉｄｉｎｇ）、缝合及热成型等ＲＴＭ坯件预成型工艺的原理及技术特点。对用ＲＴＭ制做宇航用复合材料构件预成型件的不同编织方法的技术特点进行了分析。并展示了ＲＴＭ的应用前景。     

热压烧结法制备Cf／SiC陶瓷基复合材料研究

以有机硅先驱体聚碳硅烷为粘结剂,采用热压烧结工艺,制得了Ｃｆ／ＳｉＣ陶瓷基复合材料,并对其三点弯曲强度进行了测试和分析,结果表明：该工艺方法可方便的制得强度较高的陶瓷基复合材料单向板;其三点弯曲强度与试样的高跨比有很大关系,高跨比越大,弯曲强度越小;当高跨比为０．０７３时,材料弯曲强度为４７５．１ＭＰａ,断裂功为４．４７ｋＪ／ｍ＾２;材料的应力－应变曲线与普通陶瓷不同,表现塑性变形的非线性弹性特征     

多孔Si3 N4 表面Al-Y-Si-O-N 陶瓷涂层的制备和表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法,利用Al2O3-Y2O3-SiO2溶胶中氧化物与基体中的Si3N4颗粒反应制备一层致密A1-Y-Si-O-N陶瓷涂层.主要研究了烧结温度对陶瓷涂层的组织和性能的影响,利用XRD和EDS分析涂层的相组成和微区元素组成,通过SEM观察涂层的微观形貌.结果显示:在1 400℃烧结时,能够制备出较为致密的陶瓷涂层,涂层由β -siMon,Si2ON,SiO2和非晶相组成;与基体相比,试样的吸水率下降了32.8％～90％,强度提高了2.1％～25.9％.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.