Comments on “Discrete-time observability and estimabilityanalysis for bearings-only target motion analysis”

Discusses the extensive mathematical analysis carried out by the authors of the original paper [see ibid., vol. 33, no. 1, p. 178-201, 1997] and submits the following points. The authors used pseudo measurements for recasting the observability problem into a linear framework. They treated the bearings-only passive target tracking system as a deterministic system. It is already established that for deterministic systems, the pseudo measurements are linear functions of the states of the system, though the coefficient matrix is a nonlinear function of the original measurements, By using the pseudo measurements in a linear observer, global stability can be shown. However, if the pseudo measurement observer, for which the analysis is mostly carried out by the authors, is used in a noisy environment as a pseudo measurement filter (PMF), biased estimates are arrived at. Hence, though the approach of authors is quite direct and provides insights about the algebraic structure of the BOT problem, as pseudo measurements are used throughout the analysis is not of much use to the TMA community, as the nonlinear measurement equation along with measurement noise are required to be considered in the BOT problem to obtain unbiased results     

GPS选择可用性(SA)信号采集与建模

 分析了ＧＰＳ测量伪距的各组成部分,设计了一个ＧＰＳ数据实时采集系统,通过定位计算和时钟偏移滤波的方法分离ＳＡ误差信号,经检验指出ＳＡ误差信号基本是零均值的平稳随机过程,对一段时期定点观测到的ＳＡ误差信号进行ＡＲ（１３）的模型辨识,获得大量的模型数据,从时域和频域对模型参数进行分析得到一些有益的结论。     

采用多泵并联变频调速技术实现机场恒压供油

 深入研究了应用多泵并联变频调速技术实现民用机场恒压供油的原理,并通过分析给出了系统启泵、并泵、退泵和停泵的条件。所述的方案被成功地应用于多个民用机场的供油自动化系统,以其诸多优点成为现代化民用机场供油自动化系统的首选方案。     

相关系数ARMA(p,q)序列分析方法

本文提出相关系数ARMA(p,q)序列分析方法。相关系数ARMA(p,q)序列是从非平稳序列中分离出的一类工程上常见且便于研究的时间序列,在模式识别、故障诊断、信号处理、自动控制和结构响应分析等领域有着广泛的应用。传统的相关函数ARMA(p,q)序列仅是它的一个特例。文中建立了相关系数ARMA(p,q)序列的条件极大似然估计和精确极大似然估计,前者在样本较大时简单便于工程应用,后者则在样本较小时仍具有较高的精度,它们通过时域的全程分析,充分利用样本信息确定相关系数ARMA(p,q)序列的均值函数、方差函数和相关系数函数。在此基础上可进行高精度的频谱分析。     

双扇形孔气膜冷却效率的研究

对平板表面的双扇形孔排气膜冷却特性进行了研究,包括孔节距、动量比和主流湍流度对气膜冷却效率的影响.气膜孔的直径为d,气膜孔与主流方向的夹角为45°.孔节距有2d,3d和4d,动量比有1,2和4,主流湍流度有0.4%和8%.结果表明,气膜冷却效率随孔节距增大而降低;孔节距为2d时,动量比增大会引起气膜冷却效率显著增加;孔节距为4d时,气膜冷却效率受动量比的影响相对较小;在孔节距及动量比均较大时,主流湍流度的增大会导致气膜冷却效率较为明显的下降.      

Comments on `Existence and uniqueness of GPS solutions' by J.S.Abel and J.W. Chaffee

The commenter points out that a direct Global Positioning System (GPS) algorithm together with discussions on the existence and uniqueness of the solution appeared in his paper (J. Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol.9, p.715-17, Nov./Dec. 1986). Since the GPS solution is reduced to solving a quadratic equation, the existence and uniqueness can be easily tested. J.S. Abel and J.W. Chaffee, in the above-titled paper (ibid., vol.26, no.6, p.748-53, Sept. 1990), show that the GPS solution problem is similar to the hyperbolic-fix problem. The commenter notes that it can be inferred from his later work (ibid., vol.26. no.5, p.748-53, Sept. 1990) that the two solutions exist if and only if the four GPS satellites are coplanar, in which case the two solutions are mirror-symmetric with respect to the GPS plane     

A safety kernel for traffic light control

The success of kernels for enforcing security in software systems has led to proposals to use kernels for enforcing safety. This paper presents a feasibility demonstration of one particular proposal for a safety kernel via the application of traffic light control. The paper begins with the safety properties for traffic light control and specifies a kernel that maintains the safety properties. An implementation sketch of the kernel in Ada is given and use of the kernel is discussed. The contribution of the paper is a demonstration that a kernel is a feasible and desirable technique for software in a realistic, safety-critical application. The paper also illustrates how formal methods aid the software engineer in constructing and reasoning about such software     

Pulsation modes and luminosities of the β Cephei stars

Assuming that frequencies observed in multiperiod Cephei variables correspond to normal pulsation modes leads to the following conclusions: (1) a variety of low Z oscillations are excited in these stars, (2) at most one radial mode is seen in any of them.Pulsation constants can be derived for two Cephei stars without recourse to photometric calibrations. In both cases a 0.5 mag. downward revision of the Balmer line absolute magnitudes is indicated. Implications of this result for Stel1ingwerf's opacity bump mechanism are briefly considered.The text of the paper will appear in Proceedings of the Fifth European Regional Meeting of the IAU.     

确定威布尔分布三参数的相关系数优化法

 根据本文给出的确定威布尔分布三参数的相关系数优化法求得的威布尔三参数,能使试验数据在威布尔概率坐标纸上最大限度地呈现为线性关系。     

Reception of pulsed signals by detuned receiver: addenda andcorrections

The parameters of a pulse perturbed by passage through a filter were examined in a variety of cases in a previous paper by the author (ibid., vol.AES-4, p.486-9, May 1968). One case not covered is that of a rectangular pulse passed through a detuned Gaussian filter; that case is presented, as is the case of a swept Gaussian pulse passed through such a filter, which may be dispersive. Corrections are included for two tabular entries in the original paper concerning a Gaussian pulse fed to an ideal bandpass filter when the time-bandwidth product and detuning are large     

直升机典型结构裂纹扩展路径模拟及分析研究

目前对于直升机上结构裂纹扩展路径预测大部分是依靠经验判断,缺乏理论数值模拟及有效的分析方法。本文基于adaqus有限元软件并结合实践经验设置初始裂纹,选取典型直升机结构进行了裂纹扩展仿真模拟,对结构加载方式、腐蚀区域以及加强槽因素等对裂纹扩展的影响进行了相关探讨研究。文章所述方法和结论对于直升机结构的裂纹扩展路径预测及损伤容限设计提供了新的思路,对工程设计有一定的改进参考意义。     

Optimum Adaptive Reception for Binary Sequences

The a posteriori probability density function p(?|X1, X2,...,Xk), where the Xi, i=1, 2, ..., K, represent Kvector-valued observations statistically related to the random vector ?, appears in many applications of the methods of statistical inference to problems in pattern recognition and statistical communication theory. In this paper, it is shown that for equally likely binary sequences (M= 2) of anticorrelated patterns for signals observed in additive Gaussian noise, a device that computes p?|X1, X2, XK) can be synthesized from a correlator, a simple instantaneous nonlinearity, and a multiplier. These results are used to derive some equally simple structures for various optimum nonsupervised estimators, pattern recognition machines, and signal detectors.     

Low-Angle Radar Tracking in the Presence of Multipath

This paper is concerned with the problem of tracking radar targets in the low-angle regime where conventional tracking radars encounter difficulty due to the presence of a surface-reflected ray. Starting with a classical maximum-likelihood analysis of the problem of two closely spaced targets, two different techniques are evolved which are theoretically capable of dealing with the multipath problem. The expected accuracy has been studied both analytically and by means of computer simulations. Experimental programs have demonstrated the feasibility of both techniques. The paper also includes a discussion of certain alternative solutions to the problem.     

2p^4阶3次s-正则图的自同构群

为研究正则图的性质和自同构群,运用p4阶群的性质和分类,以及图的传递性和图的覆盖理论,获得了2p^4阶3次s-正则图的一些性质,其中p〉7,1≤s≤5。证明了这类图是Cayley图,并刻画出了这类图的自同构群。     

舰载飞机弹射起飞性能和影响因素分析

本文通过舰载飞机弹射起飞动力学的研究,并根据弹射起飞的过程和要求,提出了确定弹射起飞参数(弹射力、发动机推力和平尾偏角)的计算方法。文中对舰载机的弹射起飞进行了仿真计算。最后讨论了飞机的起飞质量,发动机推力、起飞迎角、襟翼偏角和甲板风航迹等对弹射起飞性能的影响.     

用随机选取法（RCM）计算高温平衡气体的激波管流动

本文用RCM方法计算了高温平衡气体的激波管流动。在求解Riemann问题时,激波关系式采用精确解,而对于稀疏波关系式,本文建立了等效比热比的局部理想气体近似关系式,从而使RCM方法大为简化,并具有足够精度。     

计算航路上飞行冲突概率的一种方法

针对飞机在航路飞行时航迹变化的一般情形,考虑预估航迹可能存在的各种误差,修正了航迹改变后的航迹预估误差协方差矩阵,用于改进了的三维飞行冲突概率计算方法.最后用Mome-Carlo.方法验证了计算结果的正确性并对结果进行了分析.     

整体复合材料结构分层特性研究进展（一）

整体复合材料件越来越多地被用作现代航空航天器的主承力结构,而分层是其最易出现的破坏形式。本文作为整体复合材料结构分层特性研究综述的第一部分,重点介绍界面断裂力学和应力分析方法。论文首先对复合材料失效和分层研究进行了简要的回顾,然后详细介绍了界面断裂力学发展的历史、基本公式和在复合材料分层研究中的应用,并且介绍了几种界面裂纹尖端场的求解方法——J积分、修正的裂纹闭合积分（Modified Crack Closure Integral）和M积分法。其次,对应力分析在复合材料分层研究中的应用进行了简要的回顾。     

Observation of flare-generated shock waves by Helios-2 near the sun

We present the observation of three flare generated shock waves which were measured by Helios-2 at a radial distance from the Sun of 0.476 AU, 0.444 AU, and 0.297 AU. These results show that two of the shocks fulfill the classification scheme of F-events stated in the past while the third shock profile is that of a R-event being interpreted as a driven wave. Because of the close distance to the Sun a flare-association was possible. Only in one case there is some evidence for a piston in the downstream region of the shock. One of the shocks is characterized by a distinct hole in the frequency distribution of directional discontinuities in the downstream region.An invited paper presented at STIP Workshop on Shock Waves in the Solar Corona and Interplanetary Space, 15–19 June, 1980, Smolenice, Czechoslovakia.     

New approaches to weapon system testing or “back to thefuture”

This paper proposes abandoning the use of multipurpose ATE for “horizontal” support of weapon systems in favor of returning to “vertical” support. An R&D effort is proposed to develop a software “hot mock-up” system for field testing weapon system assemblies