PHD filters of higher order in target number

The multitarget recursive Bayes nonlinear filter is the theoretically optimal approach to multisensor-multitarget detection, tracking, and identification. For applications in which this filter is appropriate, it is likely to be tractable for only a small number of targets. In earlier papers we derived closed-form equations for an approximation of this filter based on propagation of a first-order multitarget moment called the probability hypothesis density (PHD). In a recent paper, Erdinc, Willett, and Bar-Shalom argued for the need for a PHD-type filter which remains first-order in the states of individual targets, but which is higher-order in target number. In this paper we show that this is indeed possible. We derive a closed-form cardinalized PHD (CPHD) filter, which propagates not only the PHD but also the entire probability distribution on target number.     

加速度计专用动态实验装置

介绍一种既能实现加速度计在离心机上的动态实验测试 ,也能实现静态实验测试的装置。详述了影响整个系统性能的干扰问题的硬件及软件解决方法。     

基于打靶法的战机攻击导引方法研究

在以往战机空战攻击导引研究中, 仅考虑如何导引载机使之与目标的相对距离达到武器发射射程, 没有同时考虑拦截角度的需求; 或只考虑拦截角而不考虑相对距离的需求。针对这一不足, 本文在深入分析战机攻击导引理论问题的基础上, 创新地用打靶法, 同时考虑追击距离与拦截角度两末端约束, 进行攻击轨迹优化设计。大量仿真研究表明, 所设计的攻击导引方法, 不仅能很好地满足所需的相对距离和拦截角两末端约束, 而且具有较好的可实现性。本研究可为新一代战机导引攻击系统的研制与某型飞机的国产化设计提供参考。     

一种改进的基于模糊-粗糙集的属性约简算法

FRSAR(Fuzzy-rough Set Attribute Reduction)是一种基于模糊-粗糙集的属性约简算法,它可以避免离散化时数据信息的丢失,但是该算法中决策属性对条件属性集依赖度的计算设计的不是很完善.本文提出了一种改进的FRSAR算法,它只考虑能够使属性集依赖度增大的属性,这样就降低了计算量.实验结果表明,改进算法和原有算法得到相同的约简结果,但是改进算法的执行时间大大降低.     

一种采用行列聚类并行的星像坐标提取方法

为了提高星敏感器的数据更新率,必须减少星像坐标的提取时间。在提取星像坐标的过程中,现有基于FPGA的方法虽然避免了星图保存和读取过程,然而需要高性能的FPGA才能实现。为此提出了一种采用行列聚类并行的星像坐标提取方法,将逐个像素聚类的方式优化成像素队列聚类的方式,实现了对恒星星像坐标的实时提取,可以解决现有的实时提取星像坐标方法中像素输出时钟与处理时钟不匹配的问题,达到1个时钟周期处理完1个像素的目的,从而减少了星像坐标的提取时间,提高了星敏感器的实时性。最后把该方法嵌入到某星敏感器系统中,实验结果表明,与现有基于FPGA的实时提取星像坐标方法相比,在相同工作频率且不降低星像坐标提取精度的前提下,提取时间仅为现有方法的21.1%,数据更新率提高了近5倍。因此,该方法不但具有实时性,而且具有较好的鲁棒性。     

Study on dynamic stiffness of supporting structure and its influence on vibration of rotors

The dynamic response of the rotor depends on not only itself but also the dynamical characteristics of the structures that support it. In this paper, the coupling vibration characteristics of the rotor and supporting structure are studied using one simple rotor-supports model firstly, and then the dynamic stiffness of the typical supporting structure of an aero-engine is investigated in use of both numerical and experimental methods. While, one simulation strategy is developed to include dynamic...     

Optimal load distribution for tree network processors

A tree network consisting of communicating processors is considered. The objective is to minimize the processing time by distributing the processing load to other nodes. The effect of the order of load distribution on the processing time is addressed. An algorithm which optimally determines the order of load distribution is developed. It is shown that the order depends only on the channel capacity between nodes but not on the computing capability of each node     

Generalized linear solution of proportional navigation

Proportional navigation (PN) equations are not solvable in closed form. Linearized solutions have been widely used for PN system analysis and design, but these are based on overly restrictive assumptions regarding the initial geometry, and are valid only for near-tail-chase pursuits. A generalization of the linearized approach is presented which yields more-accurate estimates of pursuer lateral acceleration than the classical linear solutions as verified by comparison with `exact' numerical solutions. Further, the solution is applicable over a much wider range of engagement geometries. The treatment is based on a closed-form quasilinearized solution of the PN equations followed by the small-angle approximation only to line-of-sight (LOS) angle rate     

基于Bang-Bang控制思想的迭代学习控制算法研究

根据迭代学习控制基本原理,吸取了Bang-Bang控制的思想,提出了新的迭代学习控制算法。与常用的利用迭代误差或误差变化率进行控制率计算的算法相比,该算法只需根据迭代误差的符号即可计算控制率,不仅大大减小了计算工作量,而且增强了系统的抗干扰能力。给出了算法表达式和控制结构图,进行算法收敛性分析。仿真结果表明该算法的有效性和收敛性。     

大型稀疏复线性方程组双共轭梯度法

有限元复线性方程组的系数矩阵一般具有稀疏性和对称性的特点,全稀疏存贮方法就是利用这些特点,只存贮对称部分的非零元素,采用链表式管理,即节省存贮空间,又便于动态更改.在一般双共轭梯度法的基础上,本文利用广义变分原理对内积进行了重新定义,使双共轭梯度法求解复线性方程组更为有效.数值算例表明这种双共轭梯度法结合全稀疏存贮方案的求解算法在时间和存贮上都较为占优,可靠高效,能够应用于有限元线性方程组的求解.     

Solar Irradiance Variability Since 1978

Since November 1978 a set of total solar irradiance (TSI) measurements from space is available, yielding a time series of more than 25 years. Presently, there are three TSI composites available, called PMOD, ACRIM and IRMB, which are all constructed from the same original data, but use different procedures to correct for sensitivity changes. The PMOD composite is the only one which also corrects the early HF data for degradation. The results from the detailed analysis of the VIRGO radiometry allow a good understanding of the effects influencing the long-term behaviour of classical radiometers in space. Thus, a re-analysis of the behaviour of HF/NIMBUS-7 and ACRIM-I/SMM was indicated. For the former the situation is complicated by the fact that there are no in-flight means to determine changes due to exposure to solar radiation by comparison with a less exposed radiometer on the same spacecraft. The geometry and optical property of the cavity of HF is, however, very similar to the PMO6-type radiometers, so the behaviour of the PMO6V radiometers on VIRGO can be used as a model. ACRIM-I had to be revised mainly due to a henceforth undetected early increase and a more detailed analysis of its degradation. The results are not only important for solar radiometry from space, but they also provide a more reliable TSI during cycle 21. The differences between the revised PMOD composite and the ACRIM and IRMB are discussed by comparison with a TSI reconstruction from Kitt-Peak magnetograms. As the PMOD composite is the only one which has reliable data for cycle 21, the behaviour of the three solar cycles can now be compared and the similarities and differences discussed.     

MLS system error model identification and synthesis

Signal-in-space modeling of approach and landing guidance systems such as the microwave landing system (MLS), which is necessary for aircraft certification, is addressed. A technique which can, in principle, identify the error sources in navigation systems and can also perform the inverse operation of synthesizing an error generator whose output is statistically equivalent to the original error data is described. The technique can also be used to validate equipment error budget assumptions. The identification and synthesis technique applies not only to MLS but to all navigation systems     

基于工程师经验的结构优化设计研究

借鉴结构工程师的设计经验与直觉判断 ,在一定条件下 ,通过一次有限元分析给出结构的传力路线 ,并由此确定拓扑结构 ,利用MATLAB优化工具箱进行形状与尺寸的优化 ,以达到结构优化设计之目的。算例结果表明 :本文方法思路简单、力学概念明确、算法简洁有效 ,易于被结构工程设计人员所接受。     

先拉伞绳法数学模型及拉直力预测

给出了考虑伞绳粘弹性的降落伞先拉伞绳法拉直过程预测方法.建立了拉直过程数学模型的基本方程,理论分析了基本方程中粘性项对张力波在伞绳中传播的作用;弹性张力波不仅使伞衣套一端产生的张力通过伞绳传到前置体一端在时间上滞后一些,而且由于拉直过程中存在着吸收和弥散现象,使两端的张力不能相等.使用该模型计算了伞拉直运动和拉直力,对拉直力动态变化过程进行了分析.计算表明:前置体一端承受的最大拉直力不仅与伞衣底边被拉动瞬间产生的最大张力有关,而且与拉出伞衣底边以后产生的载荷张力有关.      

大型运输机机翼弯曲载荷计算

简要叙述了飞机平飞时影响机翼弯曲载荷的主要因素；重点介绍了机翼升力、机翼油箱燃油重力、机翼结构重力沿翼展分布数学模型的建立和机翼弯曲载荷计算公式的推导过程；所述方法虽然是针对大型运输机提出的，但对其它类型飞机同样适用。     

高精度温度控制方式述评

对高精度温度控制系统中常用的模拟控制方式、数字控制方式和模拟/数字控制方式作了比较,目的在于找到既能满足计量检定恒温装置所需的技术指标、又方便实用的控制方式.     

某机翼复杂接头的经济性和耐久性设计研究

飞机机翼上的主要接头传递着机翼上的绝大部分载荷,且其应力分布较为复杂.本文采用子模型法建立了某型机机翼复杂接头部位的有限元精细模型,计算出该接头部位的细致应力分布,并以此为基础对接头处肋缘条截面构型进行优化,得到的结果为呈阶梯状的肋缘条截面构型.该构型不仅满足提高接头耐久性的设计目的,也由于重量的减轻改善了接头的经济性.     

碳纤维表面CVD硅涂层对其性能的影响

 分析了碳纤维表面化学气相沉积Ｓｉ涂层的相结构,研究了Ｓｉ涂层对碳纤维抗氧化性能及强度的影响。结果表明：涂层中Ｓｉ元素呈非晶态分布；Ｓｉ涂层可提高碳纤维的抗氧化性能；氧化温度不同,Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维的氧化失重或增重规律也不相同。同时,Ｓｉ涂层降低了碳纤维拉伸强度,而适度空气氧化又可使Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维强度得到大幅度提高；Ｓｉ涂层碳纤维的强度随氧化温度、氧化时间的变化而改变。     

人─机系统动态特性的实时仿真与品质评价

飞机的飞行品质不仅取决于飞机本体动力学特性和驾驶员操纵动力学特性，更重要的是取决于驾驶员─飞机系统闭环特性。通过一名驾驶员在模拟工作台上，完成对某机在不同飞行状态下的俯仰跟踪仿真任务，辨识得出驾驶员操纵动力学模型；对驾驶员─飞机闭环系统数学模型进行数字仿真得出系统动态响应；再按Ｎｅａｌ—Ｓｍｉｔｈ准则评价了该机的飞行品质，并且与按ＭＩＬ—Ｆ—８７８５Ｃ规范要求的飞行品质进行了对比。