燃油柱塞泵滑靴副和配流副油膜计算研究

通过分析航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴副及配流副间油液的流动特点,综合考虑挤压效应,热楔效应对油膜厚度的影响,得到满足滑靴副及配流副油膜变化的统一微分方程,通过求解方程,可计算得到滑靴副和配流副油膜厚度在柱塞旋转一周内的变化规律,弥补传统静压支承油膜计算方法的不足.      

基于CFD内流耦合仿真的燃油柱塞泵滑靴副动态润滑特性研究

针对航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴副自适应油膜的动态润滑问题,基于牛顿拉夫逊方法,建立了考虑滑靴副油膜支承作用与其动力学状态动态耦合关系的滑靴副润滑计算模型。在此基础上,计入前级部件内流作用对油膜特性的影响,通过CFD内流分析和Reynolds润滑模型相结合的仿真方法,对航空柱塞泵滑靴副及其前级部件进行了一体式联合仿真研究。研究结果表明:仿真与试验结果的误差保持在4.3%以内,CFD仿真方法可以实现对滑靴副前级部件内流场的准确模拟;转速从4kr/min增至5kr/min时,膜厚的最大倾覆值减小至原数值的27.15%,并且低压区滑靴厚度变化率的增大率最大可达62.02%;而出口压力增大率为66.7%时,引起全周期内膜厚变化率波动幅度不同程度的增大;在转动周期内,滑靴的自适应润滑效果通过油膜厚度场和压力场的耦合变化形成自适应动压支承效应来实现。     

航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴油膜的多目标优化设计

以锥形转子球面斜盘轴向燃油柱塞泵为研究对象,在分析滑靴油膜设计中的摩擦功率损失、泄漏功率损失、容积效率随滑靴的机械结构参数变化的基础上,基于遗传算法对上述多变量、多目标优化问题进行计算.权重系数法优化结果表明:优化后燃油柱塞泵设计点的摩擦功率损失和泄漏功率损失减少了7%左右,容积效率略微提升,并且优化得到的机械结构参数在不同转子转角和柱塞倾角的情况下也显示出性能上的优势,从而证明了多目标遗传算法对设计航空燃油柱塞泵油膜静压润滑是一种有效的方法.     

柱塞泵保持架滑靴安装孔的设计及尺寸计算

在对柱塞泵运动深入分析的基础上,运用坐标变换法和轨迹投影法,使用MATLAB软件,提出了保持架滑靴安装孔尺寸的形成原因及设计计算方法.该方法的优点是:所有的计算公式都为完整的理论计算公式,没有量的取舍;所有的计算结果都为实解,保证了所得的计算结果为真实的理论值.而且一次计算可以得到滑靴安装孔尺寸设计的所有数据.仿真结果表明:设计方法和尺寸计算是正确的.      

滑靴式柱塞收口工艺研究

滑靴式柱塞广泛应用于航空燃油泵和液压泵,其寿命长,结构复杂,柱塞收口是加工难点。目前采用较多的是单滚轮收口工艺,虽然设备、工装简单,但收口质量不稳定,废品率高（合格率为８０％）。１柱塞收口工艺现状及问题滑靴式柱塞由滑靴（也称柱塞头）和柱塞体组成,通过...     

航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴静压润滑油膜计算分析

滑靴与斜盘是一对重要的摩擦副,滑靴与斜盘之间的油膜润滑性能对燃油柱塞泵的使用寿命有很大影响.通过数值计算,得到了排油区滑靴油膜厚度与转子转角、斜盘倾角、油池压力、柱塞压紧力之间的变化规律,建立油膜厚度变化的微分方程,给出在吸、排油一个周期内,滑靴油膜厚度的动态变化规律.利用油膜计算方法,可以分析滑靴运动一周,滑靴与斜盘间的油膜润滑状态,从而为合理设计航空燃油柱塞泵滑靴与斜盘摩擦副提供理论依据.      

指尖密封的温度场及热结构耦合分析

以单梁-双层密封片为单元建立了指尖密封热分析模型,依据指尖密封的实际工况确定了指尖密封热分析边界条件,通过有限元分析获得了不同工况条件下指尖密封的温度场分布,结果表明指尖密封的最高温度分布区域与高压腔气体温度高低有关,随着高压腔气体温度升高,最高温度分布区域自指尖靴部向高压密封片中部转移.在指尖密封热分析基础上进行了指尖密封热结构耦合分析,获得了考虑热效应的指尖密封的迟滞特性和接触性能.与不考虑温度影响的指尖密封性能分析结果相比,考虑热效应下的指尖密封的迟滞量减小,指尖与转子间的接触压力明显增大.      

石墨圆周密封热 结构耦合分析

综合考虑作用于石墨圆周密封环机械载荷和温度载荷,利用软件ANSYS完成石墨圆周密封结构分析、稳态热分析和热 结构耦合分析。结果表明:石墨圆周密封环主密封面应力分布均匀,最大等效应力出现在接头搭接处,这是由于接头搭接处结构特点,使密封环在此处所受气体不平衡力较大引起的。辅助密封面受载荷力矩作用引起应力分布不均,导致不平行密封缝隙出现,影响密封性能。密封环温度场分布均匀,主密封面的温度高于辅助密封面,接头搭接处接触面积大,温度显著升高。热效应对石墨圆周密封性能影响不容忽视,考虑热效应作用时,密封环应力值产生了一个数量级的升高,并使最大应力区域自主密封面接头边缘处向中心附近移动。      

热冲击后气膜冷却叶片结构强度流固热耦合仿真

研究了冷气流量对气孔周围热应力的影响,为气膜冷却叶片可靠性设计提供参考。改变气孔的孔径,并建立有限元模型,结合有限元/边界元理论,通过流固热三场耦合技术获得热冲击后的叶片最大温度、温度不均衡程度及最大热应力。研究表明:增加冷气量有利于改善叶片冷却效率降低叶片温度,但也会使叶片温度不均衡程度增加,加剧尾缘气孔内的热应力载荷;增加前缘气孔直径可提升66%的平均冷却效率,有利于减缓气孔内的热应力,增加尾缘气孔的直径对冷却效率及热应力的影响均较小。此外,数值计算结果与试验及解析解较为吻合,对于气膜冷却叶片结构设计具有参考价值。      

轴向柱塞泵多学科融合建模与集成优化

为了实现机液耦合条件下轴向柱塞泵的精确建模和优化设计,提出了轴向柱塞泵多学科融合建模与集成优化方法。以国产I3V2-10S型轴向柱塞泵为对象,分别建立了ADAMS机械系统模型和AMESIM液压系统模型,通过ADAMS和AMESIM之间的接口模块设计实现了柱塞泵机液耦合建模和联合仿真,并利用iSIGHT软件集成了该机液耦合模型,以该柱塞泵出口体积流量脉动率最小为目标,对配流副中吸排油节流口最大开口等效直径、吸排油闭死角、柱塞包角、吸排油预开口量等参数进行了优化设计。结果表明:在负载工况分别为10、14、18、22、26、30MPa时,优化后的泵出口流量脉动率比优化前分别降低了14.59%、18.57%、21.50%、23.44%、24.03%、25.49%,最后通过实验验证了仿真和集成优化数据的正确性。      

Impact of the thermal effect on the load-carrying capacity of a slipper pair for an aviation axial-piston pump

A thermal hydraulic model based on the lumped parameter method is presented to analyze the load-carrying capacity of a slipper pair in an aviation axial-piston pump under specified operating conditions. Both theoretical and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the thermal hydraulic model. The results illustrate that the squeezing force and thermal wedge bearing force are the main factors that affect the film thickness and load-carrying capacity. At high oil temperature and high load pressure, the film thickness decreases with increasing clamping force due to a combined action of the squeezing bearing force and the thermal wedge bearing force, but the load-carrying capacity will increase. An increase of the film thickness is proven to be beneficial under high shaft rotational speed but especially dangerous as it strongly increases the ripple amplitude of the film thickness, which leads to decreasing the load-carrying capacity. The structural parameters of the slipper can be optimized to achieve desired performance, such as the slipper radius ratio and orifice length diameter ratio. To satisfy the requirement of the load-carrying capacity, the slipper radius ratio should be selected from 1.4 to 1.8, and the orifice length diameter ratio should be selected from 4 to 5.     

航空燃油柱塞泵运动学参数计算的坐标法

采用坐标法推导并给出了球面斜盘型柱塞泵位移、速度、加速度等运动学参数计算的一种新方法,并以某型号泵为应用对象,分别采用现有方法和所推出的坐标法进行仿真,结果表明:现有方法由于采用线性化处理,计算的位移和速度误差在0.4%以下、加速度最大误差为3.34%;与现有计算方法相比,坐标法从理论上保证了是一种精确的计算方法,且计算过程简单,可为该类柱塞泵运动学参数计算提供理论依据.      

某型航空发动机导向器的热-结构耦合分析

根据温度场分段插值方法对某型航空发动机导向器结构进行了温度场求解,并利用得到的温度场对导向器模型及1/72扇区模型展开了热-结构耦合分析,通过结构模态分析和应力计算,得到了该型涡轮导向器的振动特性和工作状态下的热应力分布情况,对计算结果进行进一步分析,验证了计算结果的合理性。     

Remaining useful life prediction based on the Wiener process for an aviation axial piston pump

An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump’s degradation from comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char-acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord-ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi-cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.     

柱塞倾角对航空柱塞泵性能的影响分析

通过对柱塞泵中柱塞的运动方程和柱塞泵的瞬时供油量方程进行分析,利用AMEsim工程仿真软件,建立了某型航空发动机柱塞泵的仿真模型,通过仿真分析了柱塞倾角对柱塞行程、柱塞泵的流量脉动和压力脉动的影响,仿真结果表明柱塞倾角是影响泵流量脉动的重要因素,适当增大柱塞倾角,可以增大柱塞的行程,增加泵的供油量,还能够改善柱塞泵流量的脉动。     

Coupled evolution of piston asperity and cylinder bore contour of piston/cylinder pair in axial piston pump

The wear condition of the piston/cylinder pair is crucial to the performance and reliability of the axial piston pump. The hard piston surface, the soft cylinder bore surface, and the interface oil film affects each other during the wear process. Specifically, in the mixed lubrication region, the geometry of the hard piston surface asperity directly affects the wear of soft cylinder bore surface, while the asperities may deform or even degrade when penetrating and sliding against the cylinder bore. So far, there is no suitable method to simulate their coupled evolution. This paper proposed a wear process simulation model considering the real-time interaction between the elasto-plastic deformation of the piston surface asperity, the wear contour of the cylinder bore, and the lubrication condition of the interface. An offline library of the elasto-plastic constitutive behavior of the asperity based on the finite element method (FEM) is established as a part of the simulation model to precisely analyze the deformation and degradation of the asperity and quickly invoke them in the numerical wear process simulation. The simulation and experimental results show that the piston asperity and the cylinder bore contour converge to a steady state after running-in for about 0.5 h. The distribution of the simulated asperity degradation and wear depth is also verified by the experiment.     

类乘波体防热壁板气动加热-温度场耦合特性分析

针对类乘波体防热壁板,采用松耦合算法推进气动热和传热迭代计算,研究气动加热-温度场的耦合特性.结果表明:在壁板达到辐射平衡前,冷壁热流和辐射平衡热流与真实气动加热的误差分别达+55.1%和-15.4%以上,必须将气动加热和温度场进行耦合分析;当地绝热壁面温度不随时间变化,表面传热系数是耦合效应的关键参数;采用平均表面传热系数进行瞬态气动加热-温度场耦合计算只进行2次气动加热计算,壁面温度预测误差在2.5%以内,可有效提高气动加热-温度场耦合计算的效率.