民用飞机甚高频通信系统适航审定技术分析

民用飞机进行可靠的空地、空空通信,对飞行安全尤为重要。甚高频(very high frequency,简称VHF)通信系统是目前应用最为广泛的航空通信方式,VHF通信系统通过与机上音频系统交联实现飞机与外部的语音通信,通过与机上数据链系统交联实现飞机与地面的数据链通信。甚高频通信系统与民用飞机的安全运行密切相关,也是适航规章和运行规章要求的内容。结合甚高频通信系统功能要求和设计架构,针对适用于甚高频通信系统的中国民用航空规章第25部：运输类飞机适航标准(CCAR-25-R4-2011)条款,分析并给出甚高频通信系统可接受的符合性方法,同时根据型号工作经验给出甚高频通信系统在适航审查中的审定要素。针对甚高频通信系统所涉及的各项条款,为局方提供了适航审查工作需要关注的审定要素和评审要求。研究有助于民机甚高频通信系统的安全设计与适航验证。     

相控阵天线在民航飞机卫星宽带通信系统中的应用研究

本项目以民航飞机对高速、宽带、实时数据传输需求为导向,开展基于相控阵天线的民航飞机宽带卫星通信上网系统应用需求分析和机载宽带卫通系统架构设计,突破机载宽带卫星通信设备及相控阵天线关键技术、适航取证,实现机载宽带卫星通信设备及天线国产化,实现典型民航应用示范,为基于相控阵天线的民航飞机宽带卫星通信上网系统应用服务在民航领...     

民用飞机甚高频通信系统测试

作为民用飞机进行空地、空空通信的重要手段,甚高频(very high frequency,以下简称VHF)通信系统提供飞机与地面塔台、飞机与飞机之间进行双向语音和数据通信。为保证VHF通信系统能在整个飞行过程中提供高可靠、清晰的语音和完整的数据,如何全面地对民用飞机VHF通信系统的测试对型号适航取证显得尤为重要。首先分析了民用飞机VHF通信系统在适航安全方面的重要性,然后介绍了VHF通信系统应符合的适航要求,最后总结了VHF通信系统的导线综合测试、天线驻波比(voltage standing wave ration,以下简称VSWR)测试、系统功能测试、天线方向图测试、机上地面试验和飞行试验等完整的测试方法。     

实现航行新技术的CNS系统架构设计研究

从国际民航组织、美国联邦航空局、欧洲航空安全局和中国民用航空局已经发布的航行新技术政策及规章出发,包括基于性能的导航技术、自动相关监视技术、卫星通信技术和卫星着陆技术,提出了民机机载通信导航监视系统实现这些航行新技术的需求,总结了通信导航监视系统的传统系统架构,结合先进的航电系统架构设计技术、先进的航电数据网络设计技术,在民机型号研制经验的基础上,提出了一种新的通信导航监视系统实现架构。新架构是高度综合化、开放式的系统架构,增加了系统扩充功能的灵活性。最后,提出了工程实现上需要进一步考虑的适航和安全性分析、时间延迟及信号失真等方面的问题。     

先进航空通信系统的飞行试验技术

介绍了几种先进的航空通信系统,详细阐述了航空超短波抗干扰通信系统、航空短波自适应通信系统、航空数据传输系统、航空卫星通信系统及航空光通信系统的飞行试验技术。     

航空卫星通信

霍尼韦尔/雷卡航空运输卫星通信系统为商业航空运输和营运的喷气飞机提供世界范围的连续话音和数据通信能力.不管飞机的位置如何,航空卫星通信可以把高质量的话音和数据传递给飞机.当短波和超短波无线电系统需要克服它们低劣的通信质量,以及受到限制的通信距离时,使用卫星通信便显示了它的优越性.卫星通信系统包括下列几部分:与地球相对位置保持固定的轨道上的通信卫星;地球地面站(GES);公共和私营的话音和数据地面通信网络;     

卫星通信在气田的应用及发展前景

利用卫星通信与航天技术相结合并由计算机实现控制的通信方式 ,其优点是覆盖面积大、频带宽、传输距离远、容量大、质量好、机动灵活并可实现多址连通等优点。文章论述了卫星通信系统在长庆气田的应用 ,系统组成、网络的结构和工作原理等。阐明了该系统的技术特点及其缺陷 ,对未来扩展性和发展前景提出了见解 ,为进一步开发气田卫星通信的应用具有借鉴作用。     

移动卫星通信发展概况

一、陆地移动通信和卫星通信的结合是移动卫星通信发展的基础移动卫星通信技术是常规卫星通信的延伸,是移动通信与卫星相结合的一个新的发展方向。它是移动用户与固定用户之间,利用通信卫星作为中继站而进行的通信。其系统一般由通信卫星、关口地球站、控制中心以及移动终端组成。它兼有卫星通信和移动通信的优点,即既具有卫星通信的宽覆盖面又有移动通信的灵活性。     

民用飞机通信系统射频同轴电缆选型探讨

射频同轴电缆是民用飞机通信系统重要组成部分之一,射频同轴电缆的型号影响到通信系统中甚高频(VHF)系统、高频(HF)系统、卫星通信(SATCOM)系统、自动固定式应急定位发射系统的作用距离。从射频同轴电缆的主要技术指标入手,对民用飞机通信系统射频同轴电缆选型进行探讨。     

民用飞机甚高频通信系统设计

民用飞机进行可靠的空地、空空通信,对飞行安全尤为重要。甚高频(very high frequency,简称VHF)通信系统是目前应用最为广泛的航空通信方式,VHF通信系统通过与机上音频系统交联实现飞机与外部的语音通信,通过与机上数据链系统交联实现飞机与地面的数据链通信。如何确保民用飞机VHF通信系统可靠、稳定地工作,一直是型号设计和适航部门关注的重点,也是型号设计的难点。首先从VHF通信系统的功能定义出发,提出了VHF通信系统的设计方案,进而提出了VHF通信系统的性能要求,最后重点阐述了VHF通信系统的机上设计要求以及系统功能验证过程,对型号设计和工程排故具有指导意义。     

基于改进POCET技术的通导一体化信号设计

随着低轨卫星组网的发展,结合我国北斗三号全球卫星导航系统的全面建成,研究兼容北斗的通信导航一体化技术日益迫切。为使卫星上的高功率放大器工作在非线性饱和区,以达到较高的发射功率效率,需要保证合成信号的恒包络特性。考虑北斗导航信号与低轨卫星通信信号频点不同,且待复用信号分量较多,以相位优化恒包络发射(POCET)技术为基础,提出了一种改进的多频点多非独立信号分量恒包络复用技术,对七路信号进行复用,利用罚函数进行目标函数优化得到最优解。通过分析其信号特性,表明该方法具有较高的复用效率,并能有效抑制非独立分量造成的波形畸变,从而实现通信导航一体化信号设计,为未来基于低轨卫星的通信导航一体化波形设计提供了思路。     

基于改进POCET技术的通导一体化信号设计

随着低轨卫星组网的发展,结合我国北斗三号全球卫星导航系统的全面建成,研究兼容北斗的通信导航一体化技术日益迫切。为使卫星上的高功率放大器工作在非线性饱和区,以达到较高的发射功率效率,需要保证合成信号的恒包络特性。考虑北斗导航信号与低轨卫星通信信号频点不同,且待复用信号分量较多,以相位优化恒包络发射（POCET）技术为基础,提出了一种改进的多频点多非独立信号分量恒包络复用技术,对七路信号进行复用,利用罚函数进行目标函数优化得到最优解。通过分析其信号特性,表明该方法具有较高的复用效率,并能有效抑制非独立分量造成的波形畸变,从而实现通信导航一体化信号设计,为未来基于低轨卫星的通信导航一体化波形设计提供了思路。     

Satellite mobile communication and radio positioning systemplanning aspects

System aspects of mobile communication and position determination by satellite are described. Topics of discussion are the choice of frequency, type of modulation/multiple access and system design, and considering the effects of active and passive intermodulation and multipath interference. Communication performance and position determination analyses are conducted with respect to small-scale domestic mobile communication systems, where the satellite mobile transponder constitutes only a fraction of the otherwise fixed services C-band or Ku-band payload, and where the orbit position of the spare satellite(s) is dictated by considerations other than purely radio positioning. The system tradeoffs and arguments presented lead to a particular modulation/multiple access system, which provides high channel capacity, good ranging accuracy, and high resistance to multipath fading     

Optical fiber geostationary tether satellite (F-GTS) system design

The geostationary satellite orbit (GSO) is a limited natural resource and its efficient utilization is very important. The geostationary tether satellite (GTS) system has a number of satellites aligned along the local vertical on either side of the nominal geostationary position. The system is synchronized with the Earth's rotation and all the various altitudes are geostationary, Furthermore, optical-fiber geostationary tether satellite (F-GTS) system has been introduced to improve the GTS system, with regard to increment of communication capacity, simplification of interference paths and intersatellite link (ISL) capability. The F-GTS system design is discussed with the purpose of achieving a realistic satellite network. Three frequency bands, i.e., the 14/11, 30/20, and 50/40 GHz bands, are examined for selection of the optimum frequency band. The F-GTS system example for covering the service areas in Japan is discussed with regard to satellite antenna diameter, communication capacities, etc. To apply the F-GTS system to the whole GSO, the diagonal azimuth orbit arrangement method is proposed for low latitude service areas. Moreover, the F-GTS communication capacity and total communication capacity, when the F-GTS systems are applied to the whole GSO, are also examined.     

基于低轨通信星座的导航增强技术发展概述

在我国北斗三号卫星导航系统全面完成组网建设的背景下,世界卫星导航步入新时代.各卫星导航大国均瞄准更高服务精度、更加多样功能、更加可靠服务,正在着手开展新一代系统建设和技术迭代.随着各国对于大型低轨通信星座的积极开发与广泛部署,应用低轨卫星技术实现导航增强与PNT系统备份能力,因其易与GNSS协同,具有提高全球自主导航精...     

面向航空节点的IP/LEO卫星网络移动性管理方法(英文)

Taking into chief consideration the features of aviation nodes in satellite networks, such as high moving speed, long communication distance, and high connection frequency, this article proposes an aviation-oriented mobility management method for IP/low earth orbit （LEO） satellite networks. By introducing the concept of ground station real-time coverage area, the proposed method uses ground-station-based IP addressing method and cell paging scheme to decrease the frequency of IP binding update requests as well as the paging cost. In comparison with the paging mobile IP （P-MIP） method and the handover-independent IP mobility management method, as is verified by the mathematical analysis and simulation, the proposed method could decrease the management cost. It also possesses better ability to support the aviation nodes because it is subjected to fewer influences from increased node speeds and newly coming connection rates.     

卫星授时与时间传递技术进展

近年来,卫星导航技术发展迅速.卫星导航系统以精密时间测量技术为基础,实现了伪距测量,进而实现定位.同时,卫星导航系统还提供了高精度授时功能.综述了卫星导航系统的授时和时间频率传递技术、基于通信卫星的授时技术以及双向卫星时间频率传递(TWSTFT)技术等.随着我国北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的建成和提供服务,BDS授时应用...     

全数字宽带接收机的并行结构

介绍了一种FFT并行结构的全数字宽带接收机，接收机中包括载波恢复，定时恢复和匹配滤波器三个主要功能部分。其特点是信号处理速率比输入Nyquist采样速率低得多，而且其中的匹配滤波器和定时校正恢复可以在频域上有效地实现，这种结构特别适合于卫星通信中每秒几百兆比特速率的高速数据传输应用。     

Design and characteristics of a multiband communication satelliteantenna system

Feasibility studies on a multiband communication satellite antenna system and the key technologies involved in devising this system are described. The proposed multiband communication satellite utilizes four frequency bands: Ka (30/20 GHz), Ku (14/12 GHz), C (6/4 GHz), and S (2.6/2.5 GHz). It has six beam configurations, three multibeam and three shaped-beam. The following key technologies are presented: (1) a low-loss frequency selective subreflector (FSR) for compact feeds, (2) a low-loss and broadband frequency selective surface (FSS), and (3) a highly accurate and reliable mesh reflector     

A Family of SHF Tactical Satellite Communication Ground Terminals

On February 8, 1969, an experimental tactical communications satellite, TACSAT I, was successfully placed in synchronous orbit at the equator off the coast of South America. This paper concerns itself with a family of SHF tactical satellite communications ground terminals utilizing the SHF capability of that satellite. The material presented provides the system concepts necessary for the understanding of the ground terminals, their relationship to the satellite, and some insight into the design problems encountered during the development of a family of five types of terminals. The system concepts are presented in terms of communication modes, frequency assignments, and implementation of the respective modes. The beacon system for frequency control and signal acquisiticn siticn is described along with the factors involved in design of equipment implementing the analog FM, the alert message, frequency hopping, and, differential phase-shift keyed (DPSK) modes. The final configurations of each of the five terminals are described and illustrated through photographs and generalized block diagrams, and the capability of each is briefly outlined.