基于增量制造的飞机设计与制造技术

随着材料技术和数字化技术的发展,增量制造逐渐应用于飞机研制。基于增量制造技术的发展和国内外的研究现状及其在飞机设计和制造中的应用,讨论了增量制造技术在飞机设计和制造环节中的应用,包括当前存在的技术困难,以及未来飞机设计与制造技术的发展趋势。     

商用飞机驾驶舱造型设计特征研究

介绍了国内外商用飞机驾驶舱设计的历史及现状,在分析多类飞机驾驶舱造型设计图片资料的基础上,探讨主要飞机制造商驾驶舱造型设计的特征。依据驾驶舱造型的相似性,对国际上12家商用飞机制造商的66款机型的驾驶舱进行聚类分析和多维尺度分析,挑选出10款有代表性的驾驶舱。在提取代表性驾驶舱造型特征线后,分析主要飞机制造商的驾驶舱造型设计特点及差异,为新型飞机驾驶舱造型设计提供参考。     

加快国内民用飞机运行支持体系的建设——“2017民用飞机运行支持技术上海国际论坛”特别报道

正民用飞机运营支持是民机产业链中的关键环节,是民机制造业与民航运输业之间的纽带与桥梁,运行支持对飞机设计、制造、维修、运行等航空产业链的上下游环节发展具有重要的带动作用,对促进民机产业技术升级、壮大产业具有重要意义。随着经济全球化,我国民航产业近年来得到了迅速发展,民用航空运行保障体系在飞机制造商的参与和推动下,正在逐渐迎来新的格局,未来飞机运行市场如何发展,航空公司、航空维修企业、飞机租赁商、飞机制造商如何定位各自的市场角色,都是本论坛的热点议题。     

高效、全自动的碳纤维复合材料铺放设备

复合材料在飞机上的应用范围越来越大,为满足这种不断扩大的需求,飞机制造商不断地开发出高效率、低成本的复合材料制造技术。其中,用于制造复合材料结构件的工艺装备的设计制造严重地影响着飞机产品的质量及其成本目标的实现。     

全动舵面结构形式浅析

本文通过分析国内外主流战机全动舵面的结构形式及其传力路径,总结得出多数飞机采用了厚壁板+梁/墙式结构或厚蒙皮+全高度蜂窝夹芯结构.飞机设计人员应综合评估结构重量、颤振特性、全寿命周期的成本、制造稳定性及制造效率等因素,来选择全动舵面的结构形式.     

先进机身结构和材料设计

由于大型商用飞机机身结构的复杂性,其碳纤维复合材料部件的设计、制造和取证都不能借用现有的制造维修基本经验.碳纤维复合材料机身壁板超越了现代化金属技术,对应力应变的保守限制要求必须保证将具有损伤容限的机身结构交付到航空公司.这样,碳纤维复合材料壁板技术的应用至少限制了新飞机家族第一代成员的重量.     

世界航空制造产业链中的“中国制造”和“中国创造”——哈飞空客复合材料制造中心成功交付首件空客A350XW B方向舵

全球领先的飞机制造商空客设计、制造的最新机型——A350XWB宽体飞机是目前全球最先进的远程宽体飞机。A350XWB宽体飞机机身大量使用轻型复合材料,大大降低了飞机重量,从而大幅度降低燃油消耗和碳排放。复合材料的使用是当前及未来飞机制造的发展方向。空客公司和中航工业哈飞等中国合作伙伴的合资企业——哈飞空客复合材料制造中心是亚洲最大的复合材料制造企业,采用全球最先进的设备和制造流程,其工人经过严格的培训,为空客A350XWB宽体飞机制造升降舵、方向舵和机腹整流罩等重要部件。继成功交付A350第19段维护舱门和升降舵等部件之后,2014年12月12日,哈飞空客复合材料制造中心交付A350的另一重要部件——方向舵。该制造中心未来将成为空客A350升降舵、方向舵、机腹整流罩和第19段维护舱门的全球独家供应商。     

国内民机服务通告编发体系浅谈

服务通告(SB)的编制与发布涉及工程设计、制造、持续适航等多个环节,接口繁多,工作程序复杂。为保证在役飞机的持续适航以及安全性,必须依靠成熟完善的SB编发体系。本文从实际案例出发,对国内某主制造商服务通告的编发体系进行了阐述。     

飞机装配智能化设计的应用研究

飞机工艺装备的设计与制造一直是飞机生产过程中的瓶颈环节,本文从设计角度出发结合当前智能CAD技术、传统CAD技术的应用特长,分析了实现装配工装智能化设计要解决的问题、方法、途径。在飞机生产中,装配工艺装备的设计、制造周期存整个生产准备中最长,因此它实际上决定了整个生产工艺准备周期。从国内各飞机制造厂的情况来看,在接受新机研制或改型任务时,工装的设计与制造多采用厂际分工协作的办法,通过扩大平行工作面来缩短生产准备周期。因此,如何采用、发展新的设计技术,新的工艺方法来提高工装设计、制造的快速反应能力,…     

基于知识模型的飞机复合材料构件设计知识库系统

随着复合材料在飞机上用量的日益增多,复合材料构件的设计制造成为飞机设计制造过程中最重要的环节之一.材料成形和构件成形同时完成的特点决定了复合材料在设计制造方面与金属材料相比具有独特性和复杂性,需同时兼顾材料选择、铺层设计以及制造工艺对设计的影响等.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.