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复杂背景下红外点目标探测概率估算 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
红外成像系统对点目标的探测概率在实际应用中往往受到复杂背景的极大影响,而现有的计算方法并不能适用于复杂背景下的探测概率估算.首先从红外成像系统对点目标的作用距离模型出发,分析了探测概率与信噪比、作用距离的关系,推导出单一背景下红外点目标的探测概率估算方法;然后,利用红外成像系统的亮度-灰度函数,通过背景的红外图像灰度信息计算得到其红外辐射亮度;最后,引入概率统计的思想对单一背景下探测概率的估算方法进行了改进,提出了复杂背景下红外点目标探测概率的估算方法.实验结果表明:该估算方法可以有效评估实际应用中典型复杂背景对红外成像系统的点目标探测概率的影响. 相似文献
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本文利用美国行星际监测卫星IMP-H和IMP-J同时在弓激波上游的极佳时机(1976年1月21日—22日)探测的结果, 比较了两个卫星同时测得的离子脉冲(E≥125keV/Q, Q≥1)的计数率和各向异性.分析表明在IMP-H比IMP-J离地球远的四个事件a—d中, a和b事件时, IMP-H上测得的计数率大于IMP-J上计数率, 各向异性从太阳指向地球;c事件时, IMP-J上计数率大于IMP-H上的测量值, 各向异性从太阳指向地球;d事件时, IMP-J上计数率大于IMP-H上的相应值, 各向异性改变方向, 从地球指向太阳.它们可以用太阳风中扇形边界样的磁场反转形态磁重联产生的高能粒子的假说来满意地得到解释. 相似文献
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提出了一种适用于隐匿武器探测、打击走私以及公共场合安检的微波成像探测方法.该方法要求雷达在一个二维平面上扫描,即合成一个平面孔径,通过对雷达接收回波数据的合成孔径处理可以提高雷达的成像分辨率以及对目标的探测能力.雷达可以工作在准单站模式下且只需以单色波照射目标,利用接收到的目标的散射回波的相位和幅度信息重构出目标的二维像.提出了一种适用于近场条件下二维图像的重构算法,并对算法做了详细推导,利用该算法对模拟和实测数据进行了处理.结果表明该算法具有良好的空间分辨率和辐射分辨率,以及在不进行三维成像的条件下可以实现距离向目标的探测. 相似文献
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TOF相机在空间近距离目标探测中的应用研究 《空间控制技术与应用》2019,45(1):53
3D TOF相机具有同时获取目标的灰度和深度图像的功能,从而能够实时得到目标物体的三维点云,实现三维成像.主要介绍了3D TOF相机的工作机理以及应用场景等,同时模拟空间近距离目标探测的应用对目标进行成像研究,分析了不同条件下对目标物成像的影响因素以及相机的误差来源和误差的校正方法,并通过相机对深度信息的获取,对相机的距离探测精度进行了测试. 相似文献
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国外卫星光学遥感器前沿技术发展探析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
正卫星遥感利用卫星平台搭载光学、雷达、红外等遥感器,获取地球陆地、海洋和大气的特征信息,形成图像以及反映物质成分的光谱信息等遥感产品。国外正在大力发展天基薄膜衍射成像、空间分块可展开光学成像、天基光学合成孔径成像、天基超光谱成像等新型卫星遥感技术,实现在空间、时间、光谱等不同维度的高分辨率光学探测。 相似文献
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航天器扫描镜成像位置误差补偿技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究地球静止轨道航天器两自由度扫描镜成像位置误差补偿问题,即通过对扫描角的补偿,使光轴在地球表面的成像点位置与标称位置相同,消除探测区域的位置偏差.在考虑扫描镜法线偏移、姿态偏差以及轨道误差条件下,推导了光轴成像点的地心经纬度计算公式.给出了上述3类误差的具体描述方式,并分析了各种误差对光轴成像点位置的影响关系.基于角度误差的小量假设条件,给出了扫描镜的步进角/扫描角补偿量的显式算法.针对法线偏移信息一般难以准确测量的问题,提出了一种利用扫描镜在特定工作模式下的光轴惯性空间定向能力和法线偏移的长周期特性对其进行估计的方法.仿真结果表明,所提出的补偿方案和算法能够显著提高成像点位置精度. 相似文献
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为了分析不同探测方式下地气光辐射对空间目标成像特性的影响,利用卫星仿真工具包(satellite tool kit,STK)设计了一个以地球同步轨道(geosynchronous orbit,GEO)卫星与中轨道(medium orbit,MEO)卫星上搭载的可见光成像器为探测平台,以高椭圆轨道(highly elli... 相似文献
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Ivan Prochazka Jan Kodet Josef Blazej Georg Kirchner Franz Koidl 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
We are reporting on a design, construction and performance of solid state photon counting detector package which has been designed for laser tracking of space debris. The detector has been optimized for top photon detection efficiency and detection delay stability. The active area of the commercially available avalanche photodiode manufactured on Si (SAP500 supplied by Laser Components, Inc.) is circular with a diameter of 500 μm. The newly designed control circuit enables to operate the detection sensor at a broad range of biases 5–50 V above its breakdown voltage of 125 V. This permits to select a right trade-off between photon detection efficiency, timing resolution and dark count rate. The photon detection efficiency exceeds 70% at the wavelength of 532 nm. This is the highest photon detection efficiency ever reported for such a device. The timing properties of the detector have been investigated in detail. The timing resolution is better than 80 ps r.m.s, the detection delay is stable within units of picoseconds over several hours of operation. The detection delay stability in a sense of time deviation of 800 fs has been achieved. The temperature change of the detection delay is 0.5 ps/K. The detector has been tested as an echo signal detector in laser tracking of space debris at the satellite laser station in Graz, Austria. Its application in lunar laser ranging is under consideration by several laser stations. 相似文献
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一种用数字集成电路FPGA实现的伪速率调制器 《空间控制技术与应用》2015,41(4):49-53
介绍一种用数字集成电路实现的伪速率调制器及其应用.该调制器用一片FPGA实现3个通道的伪速率调制器.有别于用软件或模拟电路实现的方法,该调制器用数字电路实现,其中一阶环节通过移位算法实现指数运算,简单灵活,既克服了模拟电路和软件实现的缺点,又具有模拟电路实时性高、精度高以及软件实现方式方便灵活的特点,适用于整星信息一体化和综合电子技术的卫星控制系统体系结构. 相似文献
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W.M. Burton 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1982,2(4):221-224
The Anger wedge and strip anode event location system developed for microchannel plate image photon detectors at the Space Sciences Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley, has been extended in the present work by the use of electron beam lithography (EBL). Computer-aided design methods have been used to develop several types of RALICON (eadout nodes of hographic struction) for use in photon counting microchannel plate imaging detectors. These anodes are suitable for linear, two dimensional or radial position measurements and they incorporate novel design features made possible by the EBL fabrication technique which significantly extend their application relative to published wedge-strip anode designs. 相似文献
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介绍卫星使用的多通道模拟量采集电路的工作原理,重点阐述多通道模拟量采集电路设计中的3个关键点,包括防串电设计、放大一致性设计和通道信息采集时间设计.通过对3个关键点的分析和论证,给出了提高多通道模拟量采集电路性能的途径. 相似文献
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Michael Vacek Ivan Prochazka 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Spaceborne altimeters are common instruments onboard the deep space rendezvous spacecrafts. They provide range and topographic measurements critical in spacecraft navigation. Simultaneously, the receiver part may be utilized for Earth-to-satellite link, one way time transfer, and precise optical radiometry. The main advantage of single photon counting approach is the ability of processing signals with very low signal-to-noise ratio eliminating the need of large telescopes and high power laser source. Extremely small, rugged and compact microchip lasers can be employed. The major limiting factor, on the other hand, is the acquisition time needed to gather sufficient volume of data in repetitive measurements in order to process and evaluate the data appropriately. Statistical signal processing is adopted to detect signals with average strength much lower than one photon per measurement. A comprehensive simulator design and range signal processing algorithm are presented to identify a mission specific altimeter configuration. Typical mission scenarios (celestial body surface landing and topographical mapping) are simulated and evaluated. The high interest and promising single photon altimeter applications are low-orbit (∼10 km) and low-radial velocity (several m/s) topographical mapping (asteroids, Phobos and Deimos) and landing altimetry (∼10 km) where range evaluation repetition rates of ∼100 Hz and 0.1 m precision may be achieved. Moon landing and asteroid Itokawa topographical mapping scenario simulations are discussed in more detail. 相似文献
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基于MATLAB图形用户界面接口(GUI),采用软件设计方式,实现量子纠缠光信号的采集,以及对采集到的两路量子纠缠光信号的符合算法。通过对符合算法中不同的符合门宽、采集时间和延时增加步长3个重要参数的性能实验,优化和确定各参数的选值。通过对量子纠缠光符合计数与到达时间差(TDOA)的研究,完成地面数据获取与信息处理模块的设计与实现。设计并实现了时间差拟合的仿真平台。实验结果达到了期望的精度和效率的需求。 相似文献