Optimal weight extraction for adaptive beamforming using systolicarrays

Systolic algorithms and architectures for parallel and fully pipelined instantaneous optimal weight extraction for multiple sidelobe canceller (MSC) and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer are presented The proposed systolic parallelogram array processors are parallel and fully pipelined, and they can extract the optimal weights instantaneously without the need for forward or backward substitution. We also show that the square-root-free Givens method can be easily incorporated to improve the throughput rate and speed up the system. As a result these MSC and MVDR systolic array weight extraction system are suitable for real-time very large scale integration (VLSI) implementation in practical radar/sonar system     

Efficient approaches to low-cost high-fault coverage VLSI BISTdesigns

This work introduces a built-in self-test (BIST) design methodology that can sequentially test large very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits with very high fault coverage. The proposed techniques, circular BIST ((BIST) and (BIST with pseudopartial scan (PPSCAN), are modeled after the principles of the circular self-test path (CSTP). The basis of this method is to trade a minimal increase in hardware overhead for a large increase in fault coverage. It is shown that this technique yields a much higher fault coverage with reasonable time and test vector length when compared with existing sequential test methods. The effectiveness of the technique has been demonstrated by applying it to practical VLSI circuits, which include: 1) the system control coprocessor (CP0) of MIPS 3000 central processing unit (CPU) core and 2) the SIMD graphic engine, namely, enhanced memory chip (EMC). The BIST results show that (BIST and its derivative (BIST with pseudopartial scan (PPSCAN) are feasible for practical VLSI designs and generate BIST with high fault coverage and low overhead     

Galileo AltBOC signal multiresolution acquisition strategy

Herein, some critical aspects related to the acquisition of the future Galileo signals are discussed. In particular, the Alternative Binary Offset Carrier (AItBOC) modulation that will be used by the Galileo satellites to broadcast navigation signals on the E5 band is considered, addressing acquisition issues only partially analyzed in previous works. The implementation of an acquisition section for the AltBOC signals is not straightforward, since several different receiver architectures can be used and remarkable differences are required with respect to the conventional signal processing used in GPS receivers. The main problems that must be handled (risk of false lock, resolution of the search space, and computational burden) are outlined in the following. An innovative technique, called multiresolution acquisition and tailored to the AltBOC signals, is then proposed as an effective solution to previous problems. As demonstrated by means of simulations, this novel strategy can be successfully used in coherent dual-band AltBOC receiver architectures with a feasible implementation complexity and it leads to remarkable advantages in terms of acquisition time.     

Advanced optical processors for multiple degree-of-freedom objectrecognition

Several optical pattern recognition techniques suitable for multiple-degree-of-freedom object recognition are described. These include a correlator, an associate processor, and three feature extractors using moments, chord distributions, and a space-variant feature space. The processing architectures, the algorithm details, and initial results obtained for each approach are presented     

Enhanced space integrated GPS/INS (SIGI)

Safe, reliable, and low cost space-based navigation is being provided with embedded INS/GPS systems such as the space integrated GPS/INS (SIGI). The SIGI is being used for various space vehicle applications such as launch vehicles, orbital vehicles, and re-entry vehicles. This paper describes current space vehicle navigation capabilities. The SIGI is being enhanced to provide additions to these existing capabilities with such items as higher processing and a commercial-off-the-shelf operating system. This will allow hosting of various software applications such as advanced navigation functions, flight control, guidance and vehicle management algorithms. The SIGI can host redundancy management functions by incorporating a cross channel data link card (CCDL) using a high speed firewire bus. The SIGI can then be used as a redundancy management platform which has application to current space vehicle avionics topologies incorporating distributed processing architectures     

Disaster monitoring and mitigation using aerospace technologies and integrated telecommunication networks

How space technologies and new integrated telecommunication networks can mitigate the impact of natural and man-made disasters. The objective is to design new, potentially attractive telecommunication architectures to better manage a disaster scenario. The strengths and the weaknesses of the proposed space-based telecommunication architectures for the emergency and recovery will be outlined also, to individuate the needs for an optimal provision of information and accessibility of space-related services in case of disaster.     

双曲正切变换在VLSI设计中的研究应用

从双曲正切tanh变换在稳健的信号处理和统计估计的观点叙述了双曲正切变换的特性。介绍了利用双曲正切变换特性设计VLSI的方法。通过实际的设计证明,双曲正切变换特性在超大规模集成电路VLSI的设计中有着很好的应用前景。特别是在模拟VLSI的设计中,对包含噪声输入信号的估计和统计分析具有广泛的应用。     

A Parallel Adaptive 3D MHD Scheme for Modeling Coronal and Solar Wind Plasma Flows

A parallel adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) scheme is described for solving the governing equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in three space dimensions. This solution algorithm makes use of modern finite-volume numerical methodology to provide a combination of high solution accuracy and computational robustness. Efficient and scalable implementations of the method have been developed for massively parallel computer architectures and high performance achieved. Numerical results are discussed for a simplified model of the initiation and evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the inner heliosphere. The results demonstrate the potential of this numerical tool for enhancing our understanding of coronal and solar wind plasma processes. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

ITS9000系列超大规模集成电路测试系统检定方法

以ITS9000MX超大规模集成电路测试系统为背景,系统地研究了ITS9000系列测试系统的检定方法,重点描述了它的基本思想,原理和关键技术。     

空间信息传输协议测试平台研究

未来空间任务的复杂性不断提高,开发一个低成本的地面综合测试平台环境,通过模拟和仿真以确认、优化和验证空间信息传输的协议体系结构、先进技术和应用服务具有十分重要意义。文章描述了空间信息传输协议测试平台的应用对象和研究目标,提出了总体技术框架和功能组成,以未来月球任务为研究对象,分析了测试平台实验场景及测试方法步骤。     

空间——建筑与环境设计的主角

本文主要引用外国建筑中的一些实例，对空间与环境、人的心理精神的需求、结构、尺寸、材料及时间等因素这间关系进行论证，从中学习建筑大师是如何认识空间、创造空间，利用空间满足人的需求的经验和方法，从中理解空间在建筑与环境中的重要性、所占的地位及所起的作用。     

容错多传感器组合导航系统发展综述

对容错组合导航系统的基本理论、联邦滤波器的设计方法、特点进行了分析；指出联邦滤波器在时间和空间上为组合导航系统的容错设计提供了条件；同时对组合导航系统故障诊断、故障隔离和系统重构方法进行了研究。     

New architectures for space power systems

Electric power generation and conditioning have experienced revolutionary development over the past two decades. Furthermore, new materials such as high energy magnets and high temperature superconductors are either available or on the horizon. Our work is based on the premise that new technologies are an important driver of new power system concepts and architectures. This observation is borne out by the historical evolution of power systems both in terrestrial and aerospace applications. This paper introduces new approaches to designing space power systems by using several new technologies. Two new architectures are introduced: the current source current intensive system and the articulate system. Basic characteristics of these systems have been investigated. Some aspects of the articulate system architecture, as discussed in this paper can be implemented in the short term. Flexible AC transmission systems which are now undergoing rapid development and implementation, can be regarded as a subset of the family of control methodologies which constitute the realm of articulate systems     

用TH神经网络方法外推数据的超分辨雷达成象

研究用Ｔａｎｋ－Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络（ＴＨＮＮ）求解ＡＲ模型参数作数据外推的超分辨雷达成象,并用微波暗室实测数据对ＴＨＮＮ方法和Ｂｕｒｇ方法作了验证,结果表明,两种方法均能在较低的信噪比条件下实现超分辨成象,且随着ＶＬＳＩ技术的发展,神经网络方法将是一种很有希望的超分辨成象方法。     

Paral lel VLSI Implementation of the Kalrman Filter

The problem of parallel implementation of the square-root Kalman filters is addressed. At the system level, our approach is to apply systolic-type VLSI processor arrays as basic building blocks to accelerate the matrix operations required in each iteration. To maximize the parallelism, we also exploit an inter-array pipelining scheme through the overlapping of execution between successive processor arrays. We estimate that with (5n2 + r2 + 8nr + n + 3r)/2 processors, it would take max[(4n + 2r, 2n + 4r-2)] time units to complete one Kalman filter iteration, where n is the dimension of the underlying state space model and r is the dimension of the input vector.     

片上网络的分析与设计

为了减小多处理器片上系统的面积和功耗,支持可靠的数据传输,提出了片上网络这种理想的解决方案,详细分析了片上网络的体系结构,拓扑结构及路由策略,比较了wormhole和hot potatol路由技术,提出了转发器的设计方案,并叙述了片上网络的发展前景.     

Next generation space avionics: layered system implementation

Advances in electronics over the past decade have produced major improvements in the power and flexibility of computer systems. Unfortunately current avionics systems for space applications typically have not leveraged these COTS advantages. A decade ago, the state-of-the-art for avionics systems made a step change to the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) used in the Boeing 777. This next generation avionics architecture is not based upon traditional Byzantine redundancy structures, but on a truth-based scheme where each element knows when an internal failure occurs and removes itself from the system. IMA utilizes a lock-step microprocessor design that communicates to a COTS Backplane for input/output, and to a Virtual Backplane/spl trade/ (a reliable high-speed serial bus) for intra-system communication. The system functions are implemented using a time and space partitioned operating system. The entire system provides the simplicity of a simplex system, implements the highest level of reliability providing complete flexibility to reconfigure both software applications and hardware interfaces, allows for rapid prototyping using low-cost COTS hardware, and is easily expandable beyond the initial point implementation. As the only 5/sup th/ generation avionics architecture, the concepts incorporated into Honeywell's IMA are ideally suited to be the backbone of the next generation Space Exploration Program avionics architectures.     

A Hitch-hiker’s Guide to Stochastic Differential Equations

In this review, an overview of the recent history of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in application to particle transport problems in space physics and astrophysics is given. The aim is to present a helpful working guide to the literature and at the same time introduce key principles of the SDE approach via “toy models”. Using these examples, we hope to provide an easy way for newcomers to the field to use such methods in their own research. Aspects covered are the solar modulation of cosmic rays, diffusive shock acceleration, galactic cosmic ray propagation and solar energetic particle transport. We believe that the SDE method, due to its simplicity and computational efficiency on modern computer architectures, will be of significant relevance in energetic particle studies in the years to come.     

Reliability analysis of fault-tolerant IMU architectures withredundant inertial sensors

A systematic reliability analysis procedure for evaluating fault-tolerant inertial measurement unit (IMU) architectures is described. The procedure is based on modeling the system architecture, the component reliabilities, and the redundancy management. The component reliabilities are based on constant failure rates and exponential failure distributions. The overall reliability of the IMU and the major contributors to IMU reliability are computed. Three state-of-the-art fault-tolerant IMU architectures are evaluated and compared using the procedure