高负荷离心压气机扩压器叶片前缘开槽流动机理研究

扩压器前缘几何结构直接决定着扩压器的性能和内部流场特性,为进一步拓宽离心压气机的稳定工作范围,以高负荷离心压气机为研究对象,利用经过校核的数值模拟方法开展扩压器叶片前缘开槽流动机理研究,详细讨论了扩压器开槽对压气机性能及内部流动影响的机理。研究结果表明,扩压器叶片前缘开槽能够在保证离心压气机性能基本不变的前提下,使其失速裕度提高13.5%,与原型扩压器相比,扩压器叶片前缘开槽所诱导的间隙泄漏流能有效抑制扩压器通道内的流动分离,从而提高了离心压气机的稳定裕度。     

高进口马赫数径向扩压器三维叶片设计

以某组合压气机的高进口马赫数径向扩压器为研究对象,调整中弧线分布和展向积叠方式,实现了径向扩压器三维叶片设计,提升了组合压气机的气动性能.数值计算表明,与直叶片方案相比,三维叶片方案的堵点流量基本不变、设计点恢复系数提高1.1％,峰值恢复系数提高0.4％;轴流离心组合压气机的峰值效率提升0.2％,喘振裕度由15.8％提...     

高负荷离心压气机管式扩压器特点及机理分析

以某高负荷离心压气机为研究对象,进行管式扩压器设计,借助于数值模拟的方法,对影响扩压器性能的重要参数--喉部面积进行参数化研究,并详细分析了管式扩压器特殊的进口结构对压气机内部流场的影响,初步探讨了管式扩压器喉部设计准则,摸清其提高效率扩大稳定工作范围的机理.     

五种径向扩压器与同一离心压气机叶轮相互匹配的试验研究

介绍了某型离心压气机叶轮与五种径向扩压器匹配的试验研究。通过试验录取了五种径向扩压器与同一离心叶轮匹配的性能数据,并对试验结果进行了初步分析和对比．评定了各方案试验性能的优劣;还讨论了叶片式径向扩压器造型参数的变化和叶片前后缘圆心位置的不同处理对离心压气机性能的影响。     

离心压气机自循环预旋喷气机匣处理的设计和验证

采用一种预旋喷气机匣处理提高离心压气机特定转速范围内的稳定裕度.通过引气加大离心叶轮进口基元级流量降低通道堵塞,并借助回流预旋喷气改变前缘攻角抑制叶背分离是该机匣处理扩稳的主要机理.基于这样的认识,对机匣处理做了几何参数设计研究,发现轴向搭接位置、搭接长度和开槽角度是影响机匣处理性能的3个主要参数.通过几何参数的合理选取,在尽量提高80%设计转速稳定裕度的同时兼顾100%设计转速的效率.压气机部件性能试验验证了该设计方法的有效性,并观测到在低转速时,机匣处理可以同时提高稳定裕度和效率.      

叶片扩压器倒角对压气机性能影响的数值研究

研究了单级离心压气机中径向叶片扩压器倒角对其气动性能的影响.在倒角较小时,压气机单级性能改变不大,随着倒角的增大,堵点流量降低,效率和压比下降.在此基础上,开展了优化径向叶片扩压器倒角从而提升离心压气机气动性能的研究.结果表明:在径向扩压器吸力面采用无倒角或小倒角结构,防止流量堵塞,而在压力面采用沿弦向变半径倒角结构,抑制和消除压力面存在的分离,这种结构可明显提升所研究的离心压气机的气动性能.另外,进一步研究了在轮毂和机匣处分别采用如上倒角结构对气动性能的影响,发现轮毂处变倒角对性能优化起了主要作用.      

防冰引气对组合压气机性能影响的数值模拟研究

为了研究防冰引气系统对轴流-离心组合压气机性能、内部流场和级间匹配关系的变化的影响,以带有防冰引气系统的组合压气机为研究对象,在离心压气机离心叶轮约3/4相对弦长位置轮缘处开槽引气,在轴流进口导叶叶片表面开孔喷气,进行3维数值模拟计算,并与不带引气和喷气系统的原始压气机进行对比分析。结果表明：防冰引气会引起组合压气机的性能降低,喘振裕度减小;轴流前2级由于折合转速下降,近工作点效率略有提高,但喘振裕度减小;离心级特性线向小流量方向移动,效率降低,稳定工作范围减小。     

叶片式径向扩压器负荷分布影响

以某典型负荷离心压气机径向扩压器为例,采用数值模拟的方法,在级环境下分析了径向扩压器前加载、后加载以及叶根前加载叶尖后加载三种负荷分布对离心压气机总体性能的影响;并通过对比分析扩压器内二次流等参数,讨论了负荷分布影响的内在机制.对比计算结果表明,叶根前加载叶尖后加载的负荷分布形式能够降低扩压器的流动损失,对离心压气机的...     

组合压气机气动优化设计与试验验证

以轴流-离心组合压气机为研究对象,根据机械加工改铸造加工节约生产成本的改进目标,对离心叶轮和径向扩压器进行优化设计。全三维数值仿真结果表明,优化设计方案提高了该组合压气机的性能和喘振裕度,达到了优化设计目标。优化设计虽然恶化了离心叶轮与径向扩压器尖区流动,但对离心叶轮叶中及以下区域和后排通道内流动的改善较明显,且对前面的轴流级叶排内部流动基本无影响。试验验证表明,优化设计压气机的性能满足设计指标要求,优化设计技术得到充分验证,为后续类似设计积累了经验。     

离心压气机管式扩压器设计与计算分析

采用程序化建模方法,对离心压气机管式扩压器的三维几何造型进行参数化设计,并采用定常数值模拟的方法分析管式扩压器内流场特性,攻角特性,对影响管式扩压器性能的几何参数进行分析与优化,同时对照某原型叶片式扩压器,分析传统圆形进口管式扩压器的性能优劣,提出类椭圆进口管式扩压器的概念,并揭示其能够有效提高离心压气机性能的机理.      

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。