复合材料自动下料优化排样方法

近年来,高性能复合材料在航空领域的应用越来越广泛,飞机结构复合材料的用量已成为衡量飞机先进性的一项重要指标[1].高性能连续纤维复合材料能够生产更轻、性能更好的产品,但是复合材料较高的材料成本、复杂的设计和制造过程在很大程度上制约了复合材料的更大规模的应用,因此低成本复合材料设计制造一体化技术已经成为世界通用飞机制造商必须要面对和解决的问题之一.     

树脂基复合材料点阵结构的制造技术研究进展

树脂基复合材料点阵结构集点阵结构与复合材料优势于一体，是实现飞行器等高端装备结构轻量化、功能化与智能化的理想结构材料。然而，由于复合材料点阵结构的材料高度各向异性、结构跨尺度、几何拓扑构型复杂、多功能集成设计需求等特征，导致复合材料点阵结构的制造技术存在诸多难题与挑战。本文回顾了复合材料点阵结构的发展历程，重点围绕近年来国内外在制造技术方面的研究与突破，根据点阵芯体的核心成形工艺，在给出制造技术分类与优缺点分析的基础上，总结了影响点阵结构成形质量的关键工艺，进一步剖析了制约当前复合材料点阵结构制造技术发展的问题，最后对复合材料点阵结构制造领域的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

复合材料结构数字化设计与制造

先进复合材料结构一般由基体和增强材料经热压工艺制造而成.由于先进复合材料具有比强度/比刚度大、抗疲劳性能好以及材料性能可设计的特点,已广泛应用于航空/航天领域.本文就先进复合材料数字化设计与制造作简要介绍.     

增材制造——面向航空航天制造的变革性技术

增材制造技术在航空航天应用方面具有单件小批量的复杂结构快速制造优势,未来将向着设计、材料和成形一体化方向发展。分析了增材制造在航空航天领域应用发展的3个层面,以航空发动机涡轮叶片增材制造、高性能聚醚醚酮（PEEK）及其复合材料、连续纤维增强树脂复合材料及太空3D打印为主题,介绍了增材制造技术国内外以及西安交通大学的研究状况。涡轮叶片应用增材制造工艺可以有效提高效率降低成本,未来向高性能的高温合金和陶瓷基复合材料增材制造技术发展。高性能轻质聚合物PEEK及其复合材料增材制造在高力学性能结构件、吸波功能件的成形中得到应用,将改变现有的设计与材料,推动结构与功能一体化发展。连续纤维复合材料增材制造将带动无模具纤维复合材料成形的新发展,在太空3D打印将改变未来航空航天制造模式。增材制造技术将给航空航天制造技术带来变革性发展。     

复合材料胶接结构技术问题及合格审定考虑

复合材料胶接结构因其工艺复杂和环境敏感等不利因素,给其适航性工作带来很多问题。根据复合材料胶接技术现状和工业部门成熟的工程经验,分析了复合材料胶接结构适航性工作中涉及的主要技术问题(包括材料和工艺的鉴定与控制、技术设计与结构验证、制造、修理、使用经验等),和合格审定考虑(包括设计和构造、结构验证、生产、持续适航、其它问题等),为其适航性工作提供了相应指南。     

大尺寸复合材料翼梁数字化设计/制造技术

翼梁尺寸大、受力复杂,是飞机的主承力结构。采用复合材料制造翼梁可达到减重、提高起重载荷并延长使用寿命的目的。为了有效承载、传载及工艺装配的需求,要求复合材料翼梁结构铺层位置、铺贴角度精准,外形公差控制严格。大尺寸的复合材料翼梁铺层复杂、截面变化多,传统的手工方法制造大尺寸复合材料零件经常会出现零件内部质量问题及质量稳定性差等状况,这就需要更高的制造工艺水平来满足工程需要。从设计到制造应用数字化技术,材料自动铺贴、裁剪、成型,可以高质量地成型复合材料翼梁,满足设计各项指标要求。     

C/C复合材料预制体的研究进展

C/C复合材料是航空航天领域重要的热结构材料,碳纤维预制体是其最主要的基础技术之一,决定着C/C复合材料的各项性能。本文主要介绍了针刺毡、细编穿刺预制体和轴棒编织预制体等C/C预制体,对比了不同预制体的工艺方法、性能和应用特点。针刺毡预制体由于成本低、烧蚀均匀等特点,广泛应用在固体火箭发动机喷管和飞机刹车盘领域;细编穿刺预制体具有纤维体积含量高、致密化周期短和烧蚀率低等特点,应用在固体火箭发动机喉衬;轴棒编织预制体由于织物中70%以上纤维垂直于燃气流方向,提高了材料的抗烧蚀性能,适于制造大型固体火箭发动机。针对国内预制体的研究状况,提出了要加强预制体的孔隙结构、纤维排布等对C/C复合材料的力学、热物理学以及后续致密化工艺影响的研究,更好地促进预制体的发展,进一步提升我国C/C复合材料的性能。     

数字化技术在复合材料构件研制中的应用与研究

复合材料是一种由高强度、高刚度增强材料铺设在基体中所构成的新型材料,具有高比强度、高比模量、良好的抗疲劳性、抗腐蚀性等一系列优点.同时,由于飞机外形复杂,内部空间紧凑,零件数量巨大,协调关系复杂,质量要求严格,而复合材料又容易成型形状复杂的构件,不但组成构件的零件数量大大减少,使协调关系大为简化,而且可大大提高结构的整体性,降低结构重量,提高其可靠度.因此,复合材料技术已成为航空武器装备发展领域具有战略意义的关键技术.特别是在飞机制造业中,各种性能先进的飞机无不与先进的复合材料制造技术紧密联系在一起.     

飞行器复合材料结构设计、制造与分析技术的发展

近40年来,先进复合材料在飞机结构上的应用不断发展,先进复合材料结构的研制成功和扩大应用,需要设计、材料和制造各方面的协同努力,可以用"设计是主导、材料是基础、制造是关键"来描述三者的作用和相互关系.开发复合材料设计、材料、工艺新技术已成为新一代飞机研制中的一项关键技术.     

三维打印成型工艺制备陶瓷基材料的新进展

采用三维打印成型工艺和反应熔体渗透工艺相结合制备复合材料,可在较大范围内设计材料成分和微结构,并可近尺寸制备复杂形状的部件.该方法为航空领域热结构部件的设计和制造提供了新途径.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.