减压器动态过程的数值仿真

针对贮箱增压过程和发动机工作过程中减压器的动态调节,建立了液体火箭发动机常用的反向卸荷式减压器的动态数学模型,采用四阶龙格-库塔方法进行了数值仿真,分析了减压器在启动增压过程中的动态特性,得到不同入口压力下减压器的出口压力与试验数据相一致的结论。表明所建立的数学模型准确,采用的仿真方法符合精度要求,对同类减压器的设计和系统分析具有一定的指导作用。      

减压器关闭过程内部流场的动态仿真和特性分析

针对自主研制的大流量减压器,采用动网格技术和流固耦合仿真技术,将气体的流动和活动组件的运动耦合起来,实现了关闭过程中内部流场的动态仿真,描述了关闭过程减压器内压力和速度变化过程,掌握了流场中波系、回流区的演化情况。同时,通过对流场中不同位置参数进行监测,分析了监测点各参数随时间的变化情况,以及流量和开度的实时变化情况,研究了基于动态流场的关闭过程动态特性,揭示了影响动态特性的内在因素。     

外激振动条件下气体减压器工作稳定性仿真研究

为研究运载火箭增压系统中减压器在外激振动条件下的工作稳定性,在减压器模型中通过壳体位移坐标引入振动激励源,建立了可模拟减压器在外激振动条件下工作过程的计算模型,对外激随机振动条件下增压系统动态工作过程进行了仿真.针对仿真发现的减压器下游压力振荡的不稳定现象,对减压器下游不同管路尺寸和减压器不同参数下的系统工作过程进行了对比计算.计算结果显示:增大减压器下游管路尺寸,减小减压器阀芯组件质量与减小阀芯组件与壳体间滑动摩擦力,都可以使压力振荡过程减弱,有利于改善减压器在外激振动过程下的工作稳定性.计算结果为减压器及增压系统的设计和优化提供了参考.      

一体式诱导轮与叶轮航空离心泵汽蚀特性研究

为研究一体式诱导轮与叶轮航空燃油离心泵的汽蚀特性,对该型离心泵进行了汽蚀特性研究。首先在泵的设计中进行了汽蚀特性理论计算;进而通过CFD软件Pumplinx对该型号泵进行了汽蚀性能数值模拟,研究了最差汽蚀工况下的汽蚀特性;然后针对不同汽蚀余量值给出离心泵不同状态下的气液两相分布;最后对离心泵的流量-临界汽蚀余量曲线进行预测,并与理论计算值、试验数据进行对比。研究表明,当进口压力为0.013177MPa时,一体式诱导轮与叶轮航空燃油离心泵产生临界汽蚀状态,小于技术要求最小进口压力0.0325MPa,因此该泵在其工作范围内不会产生汽蚀现象。不同流量下离心泵理论计算与数值模拟的汽蚀特性曲线与试验数据吻合,满足高汽蚀特性需求。     

航空发动机液压管路静压力损失分析及试验验证

液压机械装置(HMU)燃油管路的设计是否合理将直接影响到油液静压力的传递损失和各液压元件的工作特性.为了研究燃油管路内部流动损失机理,验证相关计算方法的置信度,针对典型管路静压力损失,采用锐边节流公式和短管节流公式进行了理论计算,并进行了CFD仿真分析,对计算结果进行了试验验证.计算与试验结果对比分析表明:液流的静压力损失主要出现在进口环腔与管路的交界处,管路下游液流的静压力与出口环腔内一致;锐边节流公式的计算结果相对偏大,而短管节流公式的计算结果更接近于试验值.     

某型喷口加力调节器减压比特性改进设计

为解决某型喷口加力调节器在配装发动机使用过程中存在的涡轮落压比偏离设计值问题,对一维定常可压缩拉瓦尔喷管的气体流动状态进行了理论分析计算,从涡轮落压比的连续性工作要求分析了拉瓦尔喷管正常工作的使用条件,提出了空气减压器二级减压拉瓦尔喷管扩张段流道形状的改进设计方法,并通过了发动机试验验证,结果表明:空气减压器只有在超临界状态工作,并且激波位置在测压点位置后面时,才能保证减压比仅与针塞位置有关,与进气压力大小无关;进气压力较低时,激波位置离测压点较近,会造成减压比相对稳定状态存在偏差;增大喉道面积,可使得相同进气条件下,激波位置后移,远离测压点,有利于提高减压比的稳定性,增大后端角度会导致激波位置前移,不利于减压比的稳定。      

航空减压器输出特性回归分析及参数优化

为研究某型航空双级气体减压器设计参数对输出特性的影响规律,建立减压器AMESim模型并与测试结果对比验证;采用响应面法获得减压器设计参数与输出特性的二次回归模型,分析减压器设计参数的影响;利用带精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对二次回归模型进行优化,得到最优设计参数。响应面结果显示:反馈孔面积是影响输出压力超调量的关键因素,与阀芯密封处动泄漏面积的交互作用对超调量影响显著;阀芯质量是影响输出压力脉动强度的关键因素,与弹簧刚度、膜片刚度的交互作用对脉动强度影响显著。优化结果表明:减压器二级结构的阀芯质量、反馈孔面积、主弹簧刚度、副弹簧刚度、阀芯密封处动泄漏面积和膜片刚度分别为52.26 g、9.06 mm2、67.27 N/mm、10.68 N/mm、0.64 mm2和89.49 N/mm时输出特性达到最优,优化后输出压力超调量降低了28.72%,脉动强度降低了40.63%。      

带旋转修正的弹簧-TFI混合动网格方法

网格存在大变形时,传统的超限插值(TFI)动网格方法易于引起网格正交性问题.依据几何关系并考虑其插值特点,提出了一种带旋转修正的TFI动网格方法.对结构网格块进行分块,在子块角点间建立弹簧元,并基于弹簧类比法计算角点位移;子网格内部结点位移采用修正后的TFI动网格方法进行计算,从而形成具有弹簧-TFI混合特征的动网格新...     

减压器动态特性试验与仿真研究

针对自主研制的气体减压器,建立了减压器工作过程的数学模型;采用4阶龙格一库塔法,对气调式减压器进行了数值仿真,分析了减压器在充填、开启和关闭过程中的响应特性,并与试验作了对比,得到了减压器控制腔、出口腔和阻尼腔的压力响应曲线和阀芯的开度变化规律曲线,验证了仿真模型的正确性。     

基于均匀设计的粒子群优化在减压化设计中的应用

采用粒子群优化算法,对涡轮泵气封减压试验系统中的关键部件减压器进行结构优化设计.在优化过程之前采用两次均匀设计的方法缩小设计变量的取值范围,以提高计算效率.通过调节气封系统中的主要部件气体减压器的结构参数,使得减压器的出口压强稳定,满足工程需求.优化结果显示,通过两次均匀设计后,设计变量的取值范围得到有效压缩,减少了优化过程的计算量.与初始设计相比,减压器的出口压强振幅明显减弱,达到了工程设计的要求.      

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

The intersection of a Loxodrome with a great circle

The intersections of a loxodrome (rhumb line) and a great circle are of interest for some navigational problems, but a closed-form solution cannot be formulated. An algorithm is given for computing approximations to any desired degree of accuracy using Newton's method. By using the equatorial angle φ as an independent variable all solutions can be found rapidly using the modest computational capabilities of a personal computer     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.     

某型弹用发动机火药吹转模拟试验

针对某型弹用发动机火药起动试验件起动试验要求,通过静态烟火试验数据确定火药起动模拟试验设备技术指标,在试验台上进行了高压冷吹和真实火药热吹起动试验,获取了两类试验下模拟转子的起动特性.试验结果表明:通过静态烟火试验和高压冷吹测得不同压力下空气流量、转速数据可以拟合出相关关系式,通过关系式能够预估燃气发生器所用火药量在热吹试验中转子可能最大转速,最后通过0.8kg真实火药热吹试验获取的最高转速与换算压力状态下的冷吹最高转速仅相差116r/min,进一步验证了试验和预估方法的有效性和准确性,可以减少或取消不同装药量火药在模拟转子上的吹转试验,减低在发动机上的试验安全风险,为在发动机上的应用奠定基础.      

Excitation control of a synchronous generator using a lookup table

A scheme involving the use of a lookup table is developed for the excitation control of a synchronous generator. The proposed control scheme, generator speed deviation, and acceleration deviation are taken as the input signals. These input signals are sampled and converted to linguistic terms before they are fed into the controller. The controller generates the desired output (control) signal by using a set of production rules (if-then rules) that are based on previous experience to relate the input signals to the output. The output signal is converted from linguistic terms to a numerical value before it is sent to the excitation system of the synchronous machine. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, digital simulations of a synchronous generator subject to a three-phase fault under different operating conditions were performed. It was found that the controller can improve the dynamic performance of a synchronous generator over a wide range of operating conditions. Since the controller does not require model identification, it is computationally efficient and is suitable for online excitation control, using a microcomputer