共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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空间任务中缺乏有效辐射散热通道情况下,消耗型散热是排散航天器废热必不可少的技术途径,但其存在长期应用中资源消耗量大的问题。针对未来长期空间任务,提出无工质排放的消耗型散热概念。首先通过微孔膜蒸发消耗型散热试验,评估该试验系统在不同真空压力下的散热能力;之后基于此设计柔性收集装置,开展微孔膜蒸发?水蒸气收集联合试验。试验结果表明,微孔膜蒸发可以在无工质排放条件下实现有效散热,散热量随流体进口温度升高而增加,随真空压力升高而线性减小;无排放消耗型散热系统中收集装置的水蒸气吸收速率不小于蒸发速率时,将不会削弱微孔膜蒸发的散热能力。 相似文献
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为了研究低温流体闪蒸喷雾特性,建立了低温流体闪蒸计算模型,并通过试验进行了验证。在欧拉-拉格朗日框架下采用CFD-DPM方法模拟了闪蒸过程的气-液两相流场。研究表明,在闪蒸喷雾形态和温度分布特性方面,数值模拟与试验结果吻合。低温流体喷入低压环境后,在喷嘴出口附近便发生剧烈的闪蒸现象,呈现出巨大的喷雾角,并且喷雾温度急剧下降至环境压力对应的饱和温度;在喷嘴出口附近区域(x/d~40),过热闪蒸占据绝对主导地位,其蒸发速率高出其他换热2个数量级,随着喷雾液滴运动至流场下游,对流换热与热传导逐渐占据主导地位。闪蒸带来的强烈换热导致喷嘴附近可能会发生复杂的气-液-固相变,将会对发动机高空可靠点火带来风险。 相似文献
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电火箭空心阴极发射体寿命研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了影响电火箭空心阴极发射体寿命的各种因素。论述了空心阴极放电时,其内部化学反应生成物的迁移、扩散、蒸发和溅射。讨论了发射体发射材料的损耗速率与温度的关系,指出知度降低发射体的工作温度是延长空心阴极寿命的有效措施,还讨论了工质气体纯度和真空环境对发射体寿命的影响。 相似文献
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文章根据我国航天器真空热环境试验污染监测的需要,提出了航天器真空热环境石英天平污染监测的辐射效应问题.通过对石英天平内部结构的热特性分析,设计了具备辐射效应补偿的石英晶体微量天平装置.结合卫星真空热环境下的模拟试验,对这种辐射效应补偿效果进行了验证. 相似文献
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非金属凝胶推进剂热力特性计算及分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
研制了非金属凝胶推进剂热力气动力计算软件,对某单组元和双组元凝胶推进剂进行了热力气动力计算和分析,结果表明:对计算使用的胶凝剂,胶凝剂质量含量增加,推力室真空比冲、燃烧室温度和特征速度均下降;相同条件下,当胶凝剂在推进剂中质量含量在1%~3%范围变化时,某型单组元凝胶推进剂真空比冲比原推进剂下降约0.47%~1.94%;质量含量在2%~5%变化时,在最佳混合比处,某型双组元凝胶推进剂真空比冲比原推进剂下降约1%~2.69%。凝胶推进剂的热力特性主要取决于添加的胶凝剂的化学成分和含量。 相似文献
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3D-printing technologies are receiving an always increasing attention in architecture, due to their potential use for direct construction of buildings and other complex structures, also of considerable dimensions, with virtually any shape. Some of these technologies rely on an agglomeration process of inert materials, e.g. sand, through a special binding liquid and this capability is of interest for the space community for its potential application to space exploration. In fact, it opens the possibility for exploiting in-situ resources for the construction of buildings in harsh spatial environments. The paper presents the results of a study aimed at assessing the concept of 3D printing technology for building habitats on the Moon using lunar soil, also called regolith. A particular patented 3D-printing technology – D-shape – has been applied, which is, among the existing rapid prototyping systems, the closest to achieving full scale construction of buildings and the physical and chemical characteristics of lunar regolith and terrestrial regolith simulants have been assessed with respect to the working principles of such technology. A novel lunar regolith simulant has also been developed, which almost exactly reproduces the characteristics of the JSC-1A simulant produced in the US. Moreover, tests in air and in vacuum have been performed to demonstrate the occurrence of the reticulation reaction with the regolith simulant. The vacuum tests also showed that evaporation or freezing of the binding liquid can be prevented through a proper injection method. The general requirements of a Moon outpost have been specified, and a preliminary design of the habitat has been developed. Based on such design, a section of the outpost wall has been selected and manufactured at full scale using the D-shape printer and regolith simulant. Test pieces have also been manufactured and their mechanical properties have been assessed. 相似文献
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应用高速摄影系统和图像处理技术研究了煤油液滴在温度473~773 K、压力1.0~4.0 MPa静止气体环境下的蒸发过程,得到了环境温度与环境压力对煤油液滴特性的影响规律。实验结果表明:环境温度低于573 K时,煤油液滴蒸发D2曲线不符合d2定律;环境温度高于673 K低于773 K时,液滴直径变化与d2定律吻合。环境压力对液滴蒸发的影响与环境温度密切相关,环境温度低于473 K时,随着环境压力的升高,液滴蒸发速率变慢;环境温度高于673 K时,随着环境压力的升高液滴蒸发速率加快。 相似文献
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国外GAP推进剂研制现状 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
综述了缩水甘油叠氮聚醚(GAP)及其推进剂的热、力学及弹道性能,GAP推进剂有较高的燃速和能量,但其燃速压强指数和温度敏感系数偏高。GAP推进剂的力学性能较差,改性GAP和支化GAP更具吸引力。GAP推进剂可用于燃气发生剂、微烟推进剂、高能推进剂及改性双基推进剂。 相似文献
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固体填充剂对推进剂力学性能的影响 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及微型动态拉伸装置测试手段,对含固体颗粒填充剂的丁羟复合固体推进剂(HTPB)和硝酸酯增塑的聚醚高能推进剂(NEPE)中的微相结构进行了断口微观形貌观察和推进剂拉伸试件在拉应力作用下的断裂过程分析。结果表明,固体颗粒的形状,粒径尺寸,粒度分布和级配变化,以及固体填料/粘合剂的界面性质等因素对推进剂力学性能有着重要的影响。 相似文献