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冲压增程弹丸冷态气动阻力特性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以一冲压增程弹丸为例,在马赫数2.0到2.5的冷态飞行条件下,采用飞行试验结合流动仿真的手段,分析了作用在弹丸内、外表面的气动阻力分布.数值仿真所得阻力数据与飞行试验所得结果误差在6%以内.仿真分析结果表明:外部阻力在弹丸所受总的气动阻力中占有支配地位,约为总的气动阻力的95%;作用在弹丸上的气动阻力中,压力阻力远远大于摩擦阻力,约占总阻力中的85%;弹丸所受外部气动阻力中,压力阻力约占90%.冷态飞行试验所得气动阻力数据可以直接作为冲压发动机推力设计的依据;冲压增程弹丸减阻设计的重点在于减小进气道外罩和前弹体在来流方向上的投影面积. 相似文献
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针对带单锥和双锥混压式进气道的两种冲压增程弹丸,对比分析了单、双锥混压式进气道的特点。采用仿真手段,对弹丸外部气动阻力和进气道工作特性进行了数值计算,分析了不同飞行马赫数条件下的弹丸外部气动阻力的变化、进气道临界状态下的总压恢复、捕获流量特性,并分析讨论了进气道的起动特性。研究结果表明:在飞行马赫数2.65到1.75之间,两种冲压增程弹丸的外部气动阻力几乎相同;在飞行马赫数1.75下,两种冲压增程弹丸进气道均能够起动;在低于设计马赫数时,进气道临界状态下,单锥进气道的捕获流量和总压恢复特性均优于双锥进气道,冲压增程弹丸采用单锥进气道将更为合适。 相似文献
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超声速溢流条件下二元超声速进气道附加阻力计算 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
通过几何关系导出了单楔、双楔和三楔超声速进气道在零攻角及有攻角时的附加阻力系数计算公式,并进一步得出了N-1楔进气道的附加阻力系数计算通用公式.通过算例研究分析了飞行马赫数、飞行攻角及进气道总转角对附加阻力的影响.分析表明,进气道在超声速溢流条件下,附加阻力只同飞行马赫数、攻角及各楔面转角有关;附加阻力随飞行马赫数增加而减少,随攻角及进气道外压缩面总转角增大而增大;对于加速爬升用冲压发动机而言,设计时应注意减少附加阻力,并结合弹道、气动外形合理选择攻角. 相似文献
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为探究壁面粗糙度对于高超声速进气道气动性能的影响,采用经过校验的数值仿真和理论分析相结合的方法进行研究。结果显示:同一飞行马赫数下,随着壁面粗糙度的增加,进气道的流量系数、总压恢复系数和出口马赫数逐渐降低,而静压比、压差阻力系数、摩擦阻力系数以及起动马赫数则逐渐增大;不同飞行马赫数/不同钝化半径下,进气道性能参数随壁面粗糙度的变化规律相似,均表现出较好的拟合规律,据此获得的拟合公式及光滑壁面进气道的气动性能可预估不同壁面粗糙度下进气道的气动性能;就本文研究的进气道而言,当壁面相对粗糙度从0增加至0.625%时,进气道起动马赫数从4.25增加至4.85。壁面粗糙度增加,导致进气道沿程附面层增厚是进气道气动性能参数出现上述变化规律的主要原因。 相似文献
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针对空天飞行器"地面起动-高速巡航"的宽马赫数飞行的设计需求,结合乘波体提高升阻比及2元进气道型面调节简单可实现的优势,设计了1种基于乘波前体的2元TBCC变几何进气道,并对不同工作状态下的2元进气道进行了数值模拟与分析计算。所用进气道的总偏转角为23°,唇口角为10°,可有效抑制溢流阻力。数值模拟结果表明:在飞行马赫数为2.0~4.0时,变几何进气道均能成功起动,流量系数在0.60以上,进气道的总压恢复系数为0.47~0.85,气动性能良好。同时,对过渡模态下的2元TBCC进气道进行数值模拟分析,探究了不同的流量分配方案对进气道性能的影响,发现随着流量比的增大,冲压通道出口的气动性能提升,流量系数和总压恢复系数均增大。 相似文献
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为了研究工作马赫数范围0~5的涡轮/冲压组合发动机进气道的工作特性,对一种内并联式涡轮基组合循环发动机(TBCC)变几何进气道进行了型面设计并对其二维流场进行了数值模拟。得到了进气道在各典型工作状态下的流场特征,在不采用附面层抽吸的条件下进气道在各典型飞行马赫数下均能正常起动。以设计巡航状态和过渡工作状态为例,分析了反压变化对进气道性能的影响,结果表明,进气道出口反压对进气道性能有重要影响,尤其是进气道在过渡工作状态时,两流道之间存在气动耦合效应。文中还给出了进气道气动参数随飞行条件变化的特性曲线,初步研究了影响进气道性能的主要因素,分析了该进气道在典型飞行工况下的气动性能。 相似文献
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有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面:电子化(e-Enabled)运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境(GCE)。 相似文献
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临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控(TT&;C)与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联(ITU)国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比(SNR)、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献
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Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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Wu Xianyu Li Xiaoshan Ding Meng Liu Weidong Wang Zhenguo 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):488-494
In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances. 相似文献
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(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。 相似文献