新型二维推力矢量喷管数值模拟

针对现有流体推力矢量控制方案的不足,提出利用喷流附壁效应的新型矢量喷管,借助于尾喷管射流对固壁延伸面的跟随作用控制尾喷流方向,实现推力转向.在此基础上采用限制流量的方法调节喷流的抽吸程度,产生不同的横向压力梯度,达到了矢量化控制推力转向的目的.运用这一概念设计了二维矢量喷管,用数值实验方式验证了喷管的推力转向效果,采用限制流量方法得到的最大矢量角度约13.3°,进一步结合射流控制可以使矢量偏角达到20°以上.通过对该喷管流场的数值计算研究,探讨了该矢量喷管内喷流转向形成的流动机理,从推力损失、转向效率上对喷管的性能特点进行了分析,为下一步开展实验研究奠定了基础.     

低压蒸汽透平排汽缸内能量损失的数值研究

运用三维粘性流场数值模拟软件(Fine/Turbo)对一个低压蒸汽透平排气缸内的复杂流动进行数值模拟,计算结果与已有的实验数据进行了对比.计算得到的排气缸出口截面上的质量平均总压损失为47.8%,实验值为40.9%.数值模拟清晰地显示了排气缸通道内的流场结构是以各种旋涡为主要特征,包括通道涡、分离涡和端壁涡等.其中,通道涡的尺度最大,是造成排汽缸内能量损失的最主要因素.     

汽轮机末级三维非定常流动数值模拟

空冷汽轮机组采用空气作为冷却介质,是一种典型的变工况运行机组.深入了解透平叶片在设计状态和高背压条件下的非定常流动机理,能更好设计空冷汽轮机以及提高叶轮机械的性能和稳定性.主要利用三维粘性非定常数值模拟的方法对设计状态和高背压条件下透平叶片内部的流动进行模拟,并分析了设计状态和高背压条件下非定常流动机理.结果表明,在设计状态动静干涉作用是导致非定常现象产生的主要原因;在高背压条件下动静干涉作用很弱,导致非定常现象不明显.     

两种间接三维测试技术在航天领域的应用

针对航天领域实际生产中存在的被测对象,提出了两种间接式三维测量方法。即基于视觉技术的测量方法和基于经纬仪技术的测量方法,并分析了它们各自的关键技术。这两种方法针对其各自不同的测量对象能有效地实现大尺寸的空间三维测量。     

Numerical simulation of time delay interferometry for a LISA-like mission with the simplification of having only one interferometer

In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, laser frequency noise must be suppressed below the secondary noises such as the optical path noise, acceleration noise etc. In a previous paper (Dhurandhar, S.V., Nayak, K.R., Vinet, J.-Y. Time delay interferometry for LISA with one arm dysfunctional. Class. Quantum Grav. 27, 135013, 2010), we have found a large family of second-generation analytic solutions of time delay interferometry with one arm dysfunctional, and we also estimated the laser noise due to residual time-delay semi-analytically from orbit perturbations due to Earth. Since other planets and solar-system bodies also perturb the orbits of LISA spacecraft and affect the time delay interferometry (TDI), we simulate the time delay numerically in this paper for all solutions with the generation number n ? 3. We have worked out a set of 3-year optimized mission orbits of LISA spacecraft starting at January 1, 2021 using the CGC2.7 ephemeris framework. We then use this numerical solution to calculate the residual optical path differences in the second-generation solutions of our previous paper, and compare with the semi-analytic error estimate. The accuracy of this calculation is better than 1 cm (or 30 ps). The maximum path length difference, for all configuration calculated, is below 1 m (3 ns). This is well below the limit under which the laser frequency noise is required to be suppressed. The numerical simulation in this paper can be applied to other space-borne interferometers for gravitational wave detection with the simplification of having only one interferometer.     

On the modular approach of a 3D model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere

This article presents some preliminary features of a new self consistent model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere, recently developed in the Institute of Mechanics, Sofia, Bulgaria. The flow in the magnetosheath is governed by 3D ideal gas-dynamic equations. The positions and the shapes of the bow shock and the magnetopause are calculated iteratively as a part of the solution. These surfaces are essentially three-dimensional (generally non-axially-symmetric). The self-consistency between the regions is ensured via the boundary conditions. The magnetopause cusp indentations are formed, influencing essentially the magnetosheath flow. Prediction of the position and the shape of the bow shock for different values of the sonic Mach number are derived. Distribution of some flow parameters in the magnetosheath is presented. 3D numerical finite element model, calculating the field due to the magnetopause currents for an arbitrary magnetopause geometry, is used in the magnetosphere. The fields due to the current systems inside the magnetosphere(cross-tail current, ring current, and Birkeland current) are taken from the Tsyganenko empirical model. The magnetopause surface is calculated from the requirement the outside gas-dynamic pressure to be balanced by the magnetic pressure inside. The magnetosphere model can be viewed as an improved version of the empirical model but with more realistic magnetopause form and shielding field. Not a final but a beta version is used in this approach. The final model version as well the model details will be presented elsewhere.     

Analysis of the dynamic behavior of structures using the high-rate GNSS-PPP method combined with a wavelet-neural model: Numerical simulation and experimental tests

Recently, the high rate global navigation satellite system-precise point positioning (GNSS-PPP) technique has been used to detect the dynamic behavior of structures. This study aimed to increase the accuracy of the extraction oscillation properties of structural movements based on the high-rate (10?Hz) GNSS-PPP monitoring technique. A developmental model based on the combination of wavelet package transformation (WPT) de-noising and neural network prediction (NN) was proposed to improve the dynamic behavior of structures for GNSS-PPP method. A complicated numerical simulation involving highly noisy data and 13 experimental cases with different loads were utilized to confirm the efficiency of the proposed model design and the monitoring technique in detecting the dynamic behavior of structures. The results revealed that, when combined with the proposed model, GNSS-PPP method can be used to accurately detect the dynamic behavior of engineering structures as an alternative to relative GNSS method.     

基于激光三角法的CBN杯形砂轮表面形貌检测

分析了常见的砂轮表面形貌检测方法的局限性,阐述了激光三角法的基本原理.在此基础上,提出了激光三角法检测砂轮表面三维形貌的方法和装置,利用它可以对砂轮表面进行扫描测量,得到表面各点的三维坐标,随后通过origin软件的绘图功能和数据分析功能得到砂轮表面的三维形貌图和单个砂粒的三维尺寸.在实验中,得到了在航空发动机叶片磨抛中使用的60#杯形CBN砂轮表面0.5 mm×1.6 mm面积的三维形貌图,某单个磨粒宽度为209.1 μm,磨粒切刃突出高度为17.3 μm.该结果与用美国WYKO的白光干涉三维表面形貌仪测量结果之间的误差为1.00%左右,这说明所采用的激光三角法测量砂轮表面三维形貌是可行的.