三种用于加工特征识别的神经网络方法综述

加工特征自动识别技术是智能化设计与制造的关键支撑，已有的实用性算法普遍存在学习能力差、识别范围有限和识别速度慢等共性问题。神经网络方法在计算机视觉和模式识别领域获得了巨大成功，其自学习与自适应能力和高速计算等优势也已在加工特征识别中得到初步的展现。对加工特征识别中具有应用潜力的三种不同的神经网络方法进行了研究，剖析了神经网络识别加工特征中的预处理与编码和神经网络结构设计等关键性问题，分析了不同神经网络方法的异同点，总结了当前神经网络识别加工特征的发展方向，为相关领域的研究提供一定的理论指导与技术支持。     

基于小波神经网络的自适应飞/推控制系统设计

基于小波神经网络提出了一种H∞自适应控制方法。控制器由等效控制器和H∞控制器两部分组成。用小波神经网络逼近非线性函数,并把逼近误差引入到权值的自适应律中用以改善系统的动态性能。H∞控制器用于减弱外部及神经网络的逼近误差对跟踪的影响。所设计的控制器不仅保证了闭环系统的稳定性,而且使外部干扰及神经网络的逼近误差对跟踪的影响减小到给定的性能指标。最后基于所设计的控制方法对新一代歼击机设计了飞/推控制系统,并对飞机作大迎角机动仿真。仿真结果表明所设计的飞/推控制系统是有效的,同时验证了所设计的非线性控制方法是有效性的。      

有输入未建模动态的非线性系统自适应逆设计

对于一类存在输人未建模动态的非线性系统,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络的自适应逆补偿器设计方法。首先用两个神经网络设计了补偿器,一个用来估计输入未建模动态,另一个用来作为未建模动态的自适应逆补偿器。该设计放宽了对未建模动态的一些苛刻的要求,如相对度为零,满足小增益条件等。文中仅要求D(u)逆稳和连续光滑。然后应用反演设计技术设计了控制器,并应用Lyapunov稳定性理论推导出神经网络权重向量的调节律,同时证明了闭环系统的渐近稳定性。最后给出的仿真研究证明了该设计方法的有效性。     

导弹最优滑翔弹道的设计及存在的问题

优化飞航导弹末段无动力飞行阶段的滑翔距离,对于提高导弹的战技指标具有很大的意义。通过优化分析可知,保证最大滑翔距离的最优滑翔策略近似等价于导弹以最大升阻比飞行。为了实现这种飞行策略,首先设计了寻优法实现策略,然后比较了另外两种可行的控制方式,经仿真发现都可以实现理论上的数值最优解。为了在导弹真实飞行时保证这一策略的实现,提出了利用神经网络逼近气动数据的自适应方法,作为进一步工作的方向。     

基于人工神经网络的手写体数字识别方法

数字识别是人工神经网络中的一项基本又重要的应用研究领域。为此提出了一种用简单BP神经网络识别手写体数字的方法。利用BP神经网络的良好监督学习功能,并结合提取的降维数字字符图像的灰度特征进行网络训练,提出了一种基于统计特征分类的手写体数字识别方法。实验结果表明,该方法简单且有较好的识别效果。     

复合神经网络模型在刀具状态监测中的应用

提出了一种用于刀具状态监测的复合神经网络模型,模型由多个神经网络组成,神经网络的数目等于要监测的刀具故障数目。实验结果表明,该方法不仅可以在多种切削条件下获得较高的识别率,还可以识别出新的刀具故障。     

Neural networks: implementations and applications

Artificial neural networks, also called neural networks, have been used successfully in many fields including engineering, science and business. This paper presents the implementation of several neural network simulators and their applications in character recognition and other engineering areas     

Automatic target recognition using enhanced resolution SAR data

Using advanced technology, a new automatic target recognition (ATR) system has been developed that provides significantly improved target recognition performance compared with ATR systems that use conventional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image-processing techniques. This significant improvement in target recognition performance is achieved by using a new superresolution image-processing technique that enhances SAR image resolution (and image quality) prior to performing target recognition. A computationally efficient two-level implementation of a template-based classifier is used to perform target recognition. The improvement in target recognition performance achieved using superresolution image processing in this new ATR system is quantified     

基于动态逆的神经网络超机动飞行控制

为战斗机的过失速超机动飞行设计了一种神经网络控制器。基于时标分离的原则,神经控制器被设计为内环控制器和外环控制器两个部分。网络的训练利用改进的BP算法,将因子模糊化快速进行。样本点数据则由利用动态逆控制所得到的结果来提供。网络的使用利用联想记忆法则。仿真结果说明所设计的系统具有良好的控制性能及鲁棒性。     

一种基于神经网络补偿动态逆误差的方法

讨论了一种基于神经网络自适应补偿动态逆误差的方法，并应用于超机动飞机控制器设计中，飞机的基本控制采用非线性动态逆方法进行设计，对于模型不准确导致的逆误差采用神经网络进行在线补偿，仿真结果表明，采用神经网络补偿误差，弥补了非线性动态逆要求精确数学模型的缺点，而且可以简化动态逆控制律的设计，改善整个控制系统的性能。     

Improving performance in pulse radar detection using neuralnetworks

A new approach using a multilayered feed forward neural network for pulse compression is presented. The 13 element Barker code was used as the signal code. In training this network, the extended Kalman filtering (EKF)-based learning algorithm which has faster convergence speed than the conventional backpropagation (BP) algorithm was used. This approach has yielded output peak signal to sidelobe ratios which are much superior to those obtained with the BP algorithm. Further, for use of this neural network for real time processing, parallel implementation of the EKF-based learning algorithm is indispensable. Therefore, parallel implementation has also been developed     

Online INS/GPS integration with a radial basis function neural network

Most of the present navigation systems rely on Kalman filtering to fuse data from global positioning system (GPS) and the inertial navigation system (INS). In general, INS/GPS integration provides reliable navigation solutions by overcoming each of their shortcomings, including signal blockage for GPS and growth of position errors with time for INS. Present Kalman filtering INS/GPS integration techniques have some inadequacies related to the stochastic error models of inertial sensors, immunity to noise, and observability. This paper aims to introduce a multi-sensor system integration approach for fusing data from INS and GPS utilizing artificial neural networks (ANN). A multi-layer perceptron ANN has been recently suggested to fuse data from INS and differential GPS (DGPS). Although being able to improve the positioning accuracy, the complexity associated with both the architecture of multi-layer perceptron networks and its online training algorithms limit the real-time capabilities of this technique. This article, therefore, suggests the use of an alternative ANN architecture. This architecture is based on radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, which generally have simpler architecture and faster training procedures than multi-layer perceptron networks. The INS and GPS data are first processed using wavelet multi-resolution analysis (WRMA) before being applied to the RBF network. The WMRA is used to compare the INS and GPS position outputs at different resolution levels. The RBF-ANN module is then trained to predict the INS position errors and provide accurate positioning of the moving platform. Field-test results have demonstrated that substantial improvement in INS/GPS positioning accuracy could be obtained by applying the combined WRMA and RBF-ANN modules.     

通信信号调制识别综述

随着频谱信息资源愈发紧张,信号的调制处理方式也愈发多样化.由于通信信号的调制识别广泛应用于民用和军用领域,所以,对调制方式进行识别的研究具有极其重要的意义与战术价值.首先,根据大量文献,对基于最大似然函数和特征提取的经典调制识别方法进行了系统地梳理;其次,从常用数据集、深度神经网络结构和现有识别算法等方面,着重介绍了深...     

一个神经网络结合遗传算法的叶轮逆命题设计方法

本文的目的是利用神经网络实现离心压缩机叶轮的逆命题设计。为此,结合实例叶轮逆命题设计问题通过遗传算法的演化和训练建立了前馈神经网络。所建网络随之用于求解给定表面速度分布情况下的叶片型线。      

基于神经网络的鲁棒制导律设计

 基于神经网络理论对寻的导弹鲁棒制导律进行了优化设计。建立了制导系统非线性运动学方程和鲁棒性能函数,并将鲁棒性能函数转化成了微分对策的极小极大化问题。采用伴随 BP技术,将微分对策的两点边值求解问题转化为 2个神经网络的学习问题,训练后的 2个神经网络分别作为对策双方的最优控制器在线使用,避免了直接求解复杂的鲁棒制导律问题,仿真结果表明了该方法有效性。     

飞行器神经元控制系统的研究与设计

提出了一种基于神经元网络的飞行控制系统设计方法 ,该方法设计的神经元飞行控制器具有良好的鲁棒性 ,使飞行器在整个飞行包络内都能保持某种最优的操纵品质。给出的计算机仿真结果显示出神经元网络作为飞行控制器在处理飞行器参数大范围变化的非线性特性方面具有潜在的优良品质     

Intelligent modeling and identification of aircraft nonlinear flight

In this paper, a new approach has been proposed to identify and model the dynamics of a highly maneuverable fighter aircraft through artificial neural networks（ANNs）. In general, aircraft flight dynamics is considered as a nonlinear and coupled system whose modeling through ANNs, unlike classical approaches, does not require any aerodynamic or propulsion information and a few flight test data seem sufficient. In this study, for identification and modeling of the aircraft dynamics, two known structures of internal and external recurrent neural networks（RNNs） and a proposed structure called hybrid combined recurrent neural network have been used and compared.In order to improve the training process, an appropriate evolutionary method has been applied to simultaneously train and optimize the parameters of ANNs. In this research, it has been shown that six ANNs each with three inputs and one output, trained by flight test data, can model the dynamic behavior of the highly maneuverable aircraft with acceptable accuracy and without any priori knowledge about the system.     

基于逻辑神经网络的图象处理方法

阐述了基于逻辑神经网络的图象平滑、压缩编码方法。这些方法的基本思想是：以逻辑神经网络为窗口,选择对某种图象变换敏感的模式训练窗口。当窗口对图象扫描时,窗口在图象的各位置输出响应,通过对这些响应的简单运算,实现所希望的处理。除了理论分析外,文中还给出了各种方法的典型试验结果。     

Digital channelized receiver based on time-frequency analysis for signal interception

A digital channelized receiver is presented for the interception of a wide variety of signals of complex structure, including those with low probability of interception. The receiver is designed from the perspective of the time-frequency analysis. It uses an extended time-frequency representation based on the noncoherent integration of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) on which the detection system and the encoder work. The encoder includes robust frequency estimation, automatic modulation recognition, and clustering, to handle broadband and simultaneous signals and to prevent out-of-channel detections (a typical phenomenon in channelized receivers). The receiver has been evaluated for a wide range of signals and shows a good performance in terms of detection, estimation, and processing of simultaneous signals. Signals collected from real-life systems and synthetic signals have been utilized.     

有输入未建模动态的导弹鲁棒控制器设计

在导弹系统俯仰通道中存在输入未建模动态情况下，提出了一种基于RBF神经网络和反演控制技术的非线性鲁棒控制器的设计方法。首先应用两个RBF神经网络对输入未建模动态设计了神经网络逆补偿器．然后利用反演控制技术设计了导弹非线性控制器．最后应用Lyapunov稳定性理论推导出RBF神经网络权重矢量调节律，证明了系统的所有信号均有界且全局指数收敛至原点。最后给出的BTT导弹非线性六自由度数字仿真结果显示了该设计方法的有效性。