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赵俊辉 《民用飞机设计与研究》2013,(3):41-45
介绍了民用飞机整体油箱的布局形式和耗油顺序对飞机重量重心的影响,并对燃油箱设计时需要考虑的转子爆破、油箱惰化及结构疲劳等问题进行说明;提出了三种采用不同油箱分离面但采用相同耗油顺序的燃油箱,重点分析了燃油保持在外侧油箱对机翼根部弯矩的卸载作用和飞机重心在燃油消耗过程中的变化过程,并举例分析了三种油箱布局对典型装载的限制情况,为选择油箱分离面和选择耗油顺序提供相应的参考。 相似文献
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充填俄制网状聚氨酯泡沫燃油箱的燃油冲刷静电实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
俄制战斗机燃油箱中广泛充填开孔弹性聚氨酯泡沫,在飞机加油过程中泡沫与燃油冲击摩擦会产生静电并可能发生静电荷的积聚,使燃油带上高电压值静电,因此有可能发生静电火花放电,威胁飞机安全。为此参照美军标MIL—F-87260中的静电燃油冲刷实验,对俄制网状聚氨酯泡沫材料的静电特性进行了初步探讨,并提出了相关意见。 相似文献
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采用将油箱分割成多单元斜六面体的方法解决了外形复杂油箱的描述问题;采用切片法计算燃油质量特性,方法本身考虑了飞机姿态角对燃油形状的影响。解决了在给定重心活动范围情况下供油顺序设计问题。算例证明本方法具有很高的精确度和应用价值。 相似文献
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旅客机燃油质量分布特性计算方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
飞机燃油质量分布特性计算是一项复杂困难但又是十分重要的工作。本文采用将油箱分割成单元斜六面体的方法解决了油箱形状的描述问题,采用将燃油切片的方法解决燃油质量分布特性的计算问题。根据本文方法编制的计算程序,已成功地用于某旅客机改型的燃油质量分布特性计算中。 相似文献
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为研究飞行过程中燃油温度变化规律,采用热网络法建立油箱热模型,并在Matlab/Simulink软件平台上输入与飞行试验相对应的边界条件以验证模型可信度,在此基础上,分析了整个航程中各油箱隔舱燃油温度的变化规律。结果表明:该计算方法和仿真模型具有较高的可信度,试验值与计算值两者误差超过1.67 K的时间段中,模拟温度比试验温度高;多数航段内机身油箱燃油温度处于高位,为适航符合性审定重点关注对象,代表着整个燃油箱系统的可燃性暴露时间水平, 以巡航结束阶段为例,标准天长航程下机身油箱燃油温度比机翼油箱燃油温度平均高出25 K,标准天短航程下机身油箱燃油温度比机翼油箱燃油温度平均高出7 K,热天短航程下机身油箱燃油温度比机翼油箱燃油温度平均高出12 K;机翼油箱燃油温度在飞机下降阶段回升幅度较大,其可燃性暴露时间主要集中在航程结束阶段。 相似文献
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带油箱结构的机身框段坠撞仿真分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
主要研究了任意拉格朗日/欧拉耦合方法计算带油箱的机身框段的坠撞过程。首先,建立了带油箱结构的机身框段坠撞分析模型,包括机身框段结构模型和欧拉流体模型。采用水代替油箱内部燃油,考虑了不同装水量对机身框段耐撞性的影响。分析了坠撞过程中的液体晃动和泼溅与机身坠撞响应的影响,给出了装水量和机身框段最大垂向压缩位移、最大过载和能量吸收等参数之间的关系。通过仿真分析,揭示了冲击载荷作用下油箱内部燃油量对机身框段各个部分结构的损伤破坏的影响。研究指出,在垂直撞击环境下,机身加强框和蒙皮是主要的吸能结构。在油箱内装水量多的情况下,油箱结构的吸能作用不能忽略。给出了应急着陆或可生存坠撞事故发生前,飞行员所应采取的紧急措施。 相似文献
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将一种改进了的BP神经网络算法应用于飞机压力加油系统容错控制中,进行了仿真和实验,并对仿真结果进行了分析,仿真结果表明,加入BP算法以后的压力加油控制律大大缩短了加油时间,并且提高了压力加油的控制精度,此项研究为开发基于神经网络的飞机燃油故障诊断专家系统奠定基础。 相似文献
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飞机燃油系统的防火防爆能力,直接关系到飞行安全,2008年7月,FAA发布了法规,要求飞机制造厂家必须提供必要的措施来降低全部或者部分位于机身内部燃油箱的可燃性。通过利用飞机自身的引气,将引气中的氧气浓度降低后再将引气送入中央油箱。结果降低油箱内空气中的氧气浓度,使油箱内氧气达到可燃浓度以下,防止油箱爆炸。NGS系统作为燃油箱惰化手段,有效保证了飞机的飞行安全。 相似文献
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The mission was to identify the conditions of atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature under which a so-called empty-fuel-tank, containing residual fuel, could contain hazardous air/fuel mixtures. The issues are limited to two applications: explosion safety concerns in gasoline fueled automotive vehicles and explosion safety in jet fueled jet aircraft. In general, we concluded that flammable mixtures, under certain conditions, may exist in an empty fuel tank containing residual fuel, at ambient temperatures ranging from -51°C (-60°F) through 93°C (200°F), at or below atmospheric pressure. However, in the case of a gasoline automotive fuel tank, at normal ambient temperatures above -18°C (0°F), it is absolutely certain that the fuel tank head space contains an over-rich mixture, which cannot explode, unless the automotive fuel tank is completely drained of liquid fuel. Further, in the case of a fixed wing jet aircraft, a combustible mixture also does not exist in a fuel tank containing JetA type fuel at ambient temperatures below 38°C (100°F) which is about the lean limit flash point for commercial jet fuel at sea level. Nevertheless, this study identified six highly unlikely, but rationally possible critical conditions which can occur in a combination which may permit a combustible mixture to exist within a jet aircraft fuel tank and pose a potential hazard. While the scope of this summary paper is limited to fixed wing jet aircraft fuels, details of the automotive vehicle gasoline fueled application are contained in the original paper 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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The technology of fuel cells is heating up. A world that, ten years ago, was unaware of the concept can now witness approximately 200 fuel cell units operating in 15 countries. Energy planners and decision makers are becoming aware that, in addition to a continual increase in installations, the reliability of early commercial units is outstanding and the cost is dropping. They have begun to ask whether fuel cells might fit into their future. While the fuel cell concept is simple, determining which type of fuel cell to consider may prove taxing. The multiplicity of fuel cells and their development programs, coupled with the amount of subject material and claims-versus-reality, may seem overwhelming. Fuel cell commercialization activities in North America are the focus of five manufacturers that are developing four types [fuel cells are typed by electrolyte: the 200°C phosphoric acid (PAFC); the 80°C proton exchange membrane (PEM); the 650°C molten carbonate (MCFC); and the 1,000°C solid oxide (SOFC) fuel cells]. Each fuel cell promises the attractive combination of fairly high efficiency and superior environmental performance compared to the presently available fossil-fueled electric generation technologies. As a result, fuel cells are particularly easy to site. There are additional advantages such as: excellent availability; electrical VAR control; quick ramp rate; remote/unattended operation; and redundancy when multiple units are installed. After earlier success in space, fuel cells are being applied to the commercial sector as on-site cogeneration units mostly fueled by natural gas. They are being considered for larger distributed generators (natural gas) and for vehicular power plants (methanol) 相似文献
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姚莉君 《民用飞机设计与研究》2021,(3):49-55
面对不同的市场需求,民用飞机通常在取得型号合格证之后,通过改装,形成公务机~([1])、遥感机、海监机等在内的特种飞机。大航程、长航时是众多特种飞机的重要特点。民用飞机通常在货舱内加装辅助燃油箱~([2-3])以增加额外的燃油存储空间,增加载油量,从而增大航程。然而辅助燃油箱内的燃油不直接供给发动机,需在巡航阶段将辅助燃油箱内的燃油转输至基本燃油箱内,通过基本燃油箱内供油系统供给发动机~([4-8])。转输动力可以来自转输泵或者闭式通气增压系统,即辅助燃油箱与基本燃油箱产生一定的压差,通过该压差将燃油转输到基本燃油箱内。然而不同的转输口位置,将会导致燃油转输的控制逻辑不同。基于某民用飞机的基本油箱构型,通过不同的转输口位置分析,给出较为合理的转输口位置。 相似文献
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通用油箱热模型的建模与仿真 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
全面考虑各种传热情况,建立了油箱壁面、油箱内气体和燃油的热平衡微分方程组,进而在Flowmaster平台上用C#语言二次开发了通用的油箱仿真模型.对某燃油系统进行了典型飞行剖面内的动态仿真,根据燃油质量、回流燃油质量流量和燃油温度的变化曲线定量分析用燃油作为热沉的冷却能力,确定适当的燃油混合循环质量流量以及燃油散热器的冷却量.结果表明:对于所研究的燃油系统,燃油能够冷却的最大热载荷约为50kW;当热载荷为70kW时,供油箱与前后输油箱的循环质量流量分别为0.3kg/s和0.1kg/s,燃油散热器冷却量为12kW. 相似文献