某型飞机可靠性外场验证评估与分析

介绍了国内首次参与外场验证的某型飞机的可靠性验证情况，对飞机各系统和主要机载设备的基本可靠性进行了考核与分析，指出了存在的问题。     

A new deterministic VXI highway interconnect

Programs based upon the VXIbus modular instrumentation standard are playing a significant role in test systems for both defense and commercial applications. Typical single-chassis VXI systems include an embedded computer-based controller as the system host. Multi-chassis systems generally use a parallel bus or a local area network, such as Ethernet, to interconnect the chassis. An important class of multi-chassis test systems requires high I/O throughput, low latency and a highly deterministic I/O response. This paper describes a new highway interconnect system that includes host computer interface options for VMEbus, EISA and PCI bus. A typical system is configured with a host interface, a fiber-optic highway “loop” and slot-0 controllers in the VXI chassis. The system supports up to 126 VXI chassis, an aggregate I/O throughput of 10 megabytes per second, extremely low latency and a highly deterministic I/O response. Typical applications, including jet aircraft engine testing, missile test systems and high-performance wind tunnel data systems are discussed     

综合传感器系统--向纵深发展的航空电子综合技术

文章从传感器的重要性及"经济上可承受性"引出了"综合传感器系统(ISS)概念"并对其定义、实现方法和验证结果及目前存在问题进行了分析.特别是对孔径综合、射频综合和ISS管理做了图示说明.指出传感器综合技术是本世纪初航空电子的关键技术,对未来作战飞机有致关重要的影响,并就我国开展这项关键技术研究提出了有益建议.     

面向互联飞机的空天地网络一体化融合研

随着数字化技术的发展，民用飞机会在飞行各阶段产生大量数据，这些数据的利用及处理将提升飞机运营的经济性、安全性与舒适性。为了适应未来互联飞机对海量数据交换与传输的迫切需求，满足民用飞机对无线通信服务质量(QoS)的要求，有必要充分利用并合理分配多种现有和未来的空天地无线通信链路资源。分析了互联飞机的概念、生态系统及其对空天地网络的网络需求，研究了地面异构移动互联网采用的紧耦合和松耦合两种融合方法，采用了网络体系融合、IP网络和非IP网络融合及终端融合等多种融合手段，提出了适应于多种通信链路与网络体系特点的一体化空天地无线通信链路的融合架构，并对网络协议栈、网络安全以及集成验证提出了初步考虑。     

Dominant scatterer identification testing with an integrated X-bandradar system

Radar return data from airborne jet aircraft were collected and analyzed to determine the presence of consistent, dominant radar returns of point scatterers on aircraft simulating landing conditions. These measurements were performed by integrating two separate X-band radars into one system with the ability to simultaneously track and image aircraft. Selected processed data from both radar systems were analyzed and are presented for the airborne jet aircraft     

ATM and FIS data link services

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) currently has under development data link services for Air Traffic Management (ATM), Flight Information Service (FIS), and communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS). These services will be provided over the Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN), a worldwide data network intended to provide data communications connectivity among mobile aircraft, airlines, and civil aviation authorities. The ATM and FIS services currently under development are part of an evolutionary process that will begin, for the most part, with duplication of voice services. In the future, services will facilitate a common source of data for pilots, controllers, and flight planners, as well as computer-to-computer communications between ground based and airborne automation systems. These future services will provide benefits such as the use of optimum aircraft tracks and flight profiles     

Dynamic imaging and RCS measurements of aircraft

Results on radar cross section (RCS) measurements and inverse synthetic aperture radar images of a Mooney 231 aircraft using a ground-to-air measurement system (GTAMS) and a KC-135 airplane using an airborne radar are presented. The Mooney 231 flew in a controlled path in both clockwise and counterclockwise orbits, and successively with the gear down, flaps in the take-off position and with the speed brakes up. The data indicates that RCS pattern measurements from both ground-based and airborne radar of flying aircraft are useful and that the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images obtained are valuable for signature diagnostics     

Performance analysis of radar antenna systems

If modern airborne radar systems are to function properly, the radar antenna radiation patterns must meet certain specifications. Until recently, most radar antennas were designed and tested in a clean antenna environment, i.e., there is no near field scattering from host structures or radome effects. However, these higher order effects are the matter of increasing concern with added performance demands in the ever-increasing jammer and clutter interference environments. We investigated the capabilities and limitations of currently available analysis techniques and computer codes for installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems. Then we developed an extended ray-optical technique that could predict total installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems, i.e., the near field scattering from aircraft structures and radome effects. The new analysis technique utilized a ray-tracing method in both airframe and radome simulation. Thus, it can efficiently predict the total installed performance of large radar antenna systems on an aircraft structure     

Experiments on aeronautical satellite communications using ETS-Vsatellite

The world's first aeronautical satellite communication experiments, conducted at L-band frequencies using a commercial aircraft, are described. An airborne antenna with electronically steerable beam and communication equipment was installed in a B-747F freighter flying over transoceanic flight routes. The satellite used in these experiments is the Engineering Test Satellite-Five (ETS-V). During the test period, various experiments, such as antenna pattern measurements, transmission performances, and voice quality evaluation were conducted. As the airborne antenna is the key component for the aeronautical satellite communication system, emphasis has been placed on antenna characteristics. Its performance is found to be closely related to the fading characteristics in low-elevation areas and to transmission error performance     

机载拖曳体动力学建模及分析

在某些航空应用场景,需要通过飞行器拖曳功能性部件完成特定性任务,例如机载拖曳对潜通信天线等,在这些应用中,通过建立科学的模型和方法,准确地分析稳态、动态特性是保证拖曳体正常工作的前提条件。本文以对潜通信天线为例,建立考虑天线气动力、惯性力以及弹性力的多体动力学的机载天线动力学模型,并对该模型的稳态结果进行算例验证;对考虑载机非定常运动以及突风作用等扰动后的天线系统动态响应进行分析,并对天线断裂等极端情况进行评估。结果表明：本文所建立的模型在垂直度、天线张力等方面的分析结果较好,能够应用于航空拖曳体的稳态及动态特性分析,在对潜通信天线、加油管等系统的设计方面有一定的工程价值。     

民用飞机数据链端系统通信协议分析

数据链系统作为民用飞机的重要配置,目前已经得到了广泛的运用。随着机载环境的日渐复杂,机上与数据链交联的端系统也越来越多。作为数据交互的空中节点,数据链系统遵循ARINC 619 协议与其他端系统进行通信。通过结合机载打印机,说明了数据链及其端系统之间通信的过程及特点。     

一种机载无线电连接器的设计与试验

目前,无线技术发展相对成熟,对于飞机系统有巨大的应用前景,能有效避免有线传输方式带来的重量大、布线难和连接器易故障等问题。文中提出一种无线连接器,基于无线通信技术和无线传能技术,完成信息和能量的无线传输,并完成样机开发和功能与应用场景测试实验。试验结果表明,该无线连接器在10 mm内具备15 W的负载供电能力,且通讯传输波特率可达115 200 bps,可以有效避免有线电连接器对外界因素敏感易失效等问题,为机载系统连接器的设计提供新的解决方案。     

飞机校靶装置技术的发展

飞机校靶装置是军用飞机校靶作业使用的专用保障设备,主要用于机载武器系统和相关系统安装轴线与机体基准轴线间的角度偏差的测量和校准,保障武器系统和相关系统的工作精度和准确性。飞机校靶装置从传统的靶板-望远镜系统发展到目前的新技术校靶装置,实现了技术和性能上的全面跨越。本文概述校靶装置技术发展,简要总结发展历程和发展规律;重点分析和比较3种新技术校靶装置,包括基于光电-惯性技术的光电-惯性校靶装置、基于摄影测量技术的摄影测量校靶装置和基于惯性技术的纯惯性校靶装置,进行技术分析和研究;对我国新型校靶装置发展提出建议。     

飞机射频隐身表征参量及其影响因素分析

 随着军事装备的不断发展,无源探测器（电子支援系统、雷达告警接收机和电子情报接收机）对飞机的探测能力大大提高。为了避免机载雷达设备辐射的射频(RF)信号被截获,要求飞机具有良好的射频隐身性能。综合考虑机载雷达探测距离和无源截获接收机截获距离之间的关系以及天线空域扫描方式发生捷变对飞机射频隐身性能的影响,指出了用施里海尔(Schleher)截获因子评价飞机射频隐身性能的不足,并提出用信号截获率来表征飞机射频隐身特性的方法。最后,对影响信号截获率的因素进行分析与计算,在此基础上给出飞机实现射频隐身的途径与方法。该评价方法综合了飞机在时域、频域和空域上的射频隐身特性,对飞机的射频隐身设计具有参考价值。     

基于速度分布的飞机纵向安全间隔概率分析

以概率论为工具,利用飞行速度偏差对飞机纵向位置误差的影响分析,研究飞机速度分布情况,建立纵向安全间隔的概率模型。通过仿真算例和分析讨论,得到了有关时间、初始间隔时间、飞机速度均方差等影响飞机之间发生危险情况概率的定量分析结果,结论可以作为确定合理的航空器间空中交通管制纵向间隔的决策参考。     

Analysis of towed decoys

Recent advances in RF missile systems have reduced the effectiveness of conventional on-board electronic countermeasures (ECM) to defend friendly aircraft. To provide the much needed defense, off-board ECM techniques are being developed. The effectiveness of off-board RF ECM is analyzed, and specific observations are made about the effectiveness of such ECM when used to defend friendly aircraft     

中国拟建航空卫星移动通信地面地球站（GES）的技术方案

中国民航正在计划实施航空卫星移动业务通信。ＡＭＳＳ系统有三个主要组成部分：空间段，地面地球站和机载地球站。中国国际航空公司已居其两架波音７４７型飞机上装有ＡＥＳ。不久将有更多飞国际航线的飞机安装ＡＥＳ。     

飞机信息传输系统研究

首先描述飞机信息传输系统(AITS)应具有的功能;然后叙述构成AITS的机载信息分系统、信息传输分系统和地面管理分系统;最后,给出了基于小波变换编码的图像压缩/解压的图像处理。     

飞机机载设备振动环境谱的数据处理与编制

飞机机载设备振动环境谱的数据处理与编制是飞机机载设备环境可靠性试验的重要组成部分,对保障飞机机载设备的安全性和可靠性具有十分重要的意义。以客运飞机为例,对基于Welch法和GJB最新标准的飞机机载设备振动环境谱数据处理与编制技术进行了研究,根据实测数据和相关资料统计,编制出了飞机机载设备综合环境试验剖面图。所建立的针对飞机机载设备振动环境谱数据处理方法与编制原理,满足了飞机机载设备振动环境谱的试验要求,为机载设备振动环境的可靠性评定奠定了基础。     

机载机电系统可靠性的计算机辅助分析方法

 为了提高机载机电系统的可靠性,机载机电系统常采用余度系统,以达到故障容错,进而实现整个飞机系统的高可靠性和安全性。开发适应于余度间耦合、动态性能降级的ReliaApp可靠性分析评价软件平台,通过有效综合故障模式影响（FMEA）、故障树分析（FTA）和Markov状态转移链法,实现不同容错设计方案的选择、机电系统的可靠性定量评价并给出系统的薄弱环节,为系统的余度配置和改进设计提供软件设计与评估平台,以确保飞机系统的高可靠性和安全性。实例应用表明该软件平台是飞机机载机电系统可靠性设计与评价有效的计算机辅助工具。