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实验室等离子体参数的探针测量中,一般只注意作离子电流的修正.实际上,在某些情况下,探针污染和灯丝高能电子对测量结果的影响可能大得多.仅仅考虑灯丝高能电子对电子温度测量误差的影响,传统的方法求出的Te误差可达80%—200%.灯丝高能电子还使得饱和电流的测量误差达70%—150%,亦即电子浓度的误差.故需要对测得的电子温度和电子浓度作适当的修正.文章还讨论了探针表面污染给测量结果带来的误差. 相似文献
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天基朗缪尔探针传感器设计与仿真 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
朗缪尔探针是进行空间等离子体电子密度和温度就位测量的重要仪器, 在电离层卫星探测和火箭探测中应用十分广泛. 传感器设计的合理与否是影响朗缪尔探针探测结果的关键因素之一. 朗缪尔探针传感器的结构本身比较简单, 但传感器的设计要受到多种物理条件及工程条件的限制, 其中, 有些限制条件相互制约甚至相互矛盾, 必须综合进行考虑. 从传感器形状、大小和表面材料的选取三个方面分析了朗缪尔探针的各种限制条件, 给出了一种原型朗缪尔探针的设计, 并通过仿真计算验证了该设计. 相似文献
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离子发动机羽流空间电位分布不合理可能会造成一系列问题,以至于影响航天器的正常工作。试验使用发射探针对20 cm氙离子发动机束流区等离子体空间电位进行诊断,测点选取轴向距离发动机出口平面250~900 mm,径向0~450 mm,探针钨丝直径0.1 mm,加热电流1.5~2.5 A。发射探针诊断建立在电子热发射基础上,因其I-V曲线拐点较朗缪尔探针更为明显,所以测量得到的空间电位分布更为准确。国外已经广泛使用发射探针测量等离子体空间电位,发射探针的试验数据处理方法仍存在较大分歧。从发射探针工作时的物理过程着手,分析热电子发射多少对空间电位诊断结果的影响,采用不同的探针I-V曲线处理方法并对各种方法利弊进行讨论,分析偏离真实空间电位的原因,比较得到较为合理的结果,对发射探针的结构改造和加热电流的选取提供依据,为发动机性能的改善和羽流仿真模型提供参考。 相似文献
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文中实验研究证实了BGK模离子声波的存在.用连续波和调制脉冲波两种方法研究了由慢电子漂移引起的增长离子声波不稳定性.同时首次测量了激发BGK模离子声波的条件.得到的结果与理论预言是一致的. 相似文献
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微阴极电弧推力器(micro-cathode arc thruster,μCAT)具备功率低和结构简单的特点,能够满足微纳卫星的任务需求,具有良好的发展前景。μCAT羽流的诊断可以揭示推力器的加速机理,对提高其性能具有重要意义。利用朗缪尔三探针对μCAT羽流进行诊断,得到了μCAT羽流不同位置的电子温度、电子密度和离子速度等羽流特性,研究了外加磁场、充电时间和阴极材料对羽流特性的影响。研究结果表明,μCAT放电初期产生的等离子体电子温度较高,密度较大;随着等离子体向下游运动,电子温度和电子密度降低,离子速度增大;外加磁场的磁感应强度越强,电子温度和离子速度越高,电子密度有所降低;磁场位置适当向推力器下游平移,能够有效提高推力器中轴线的电子密度;μCAT充电时间越长,电子温度、电子密度和离子速度越大;相比于CuW和AgW阴极,Ti阴极羽流的电子温度更高,电子密度更低。 相似文献
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离子漂移计用于探测离子垂直轨道方向的漂移速度.离子漂移计的定标实验包括电子学定标和等离子体环境定标.通过对自行研制的电磁监测试验卫星离子漂移计的电子学定标方法研究,测试得到离子漂移计的噪声、电流测量范围、增益和修正系数以及温漂等电子学定标参数.测试结果表明,离子漂移计的电子学性能优于设计要求,满足科学探测需求.此外,借助于意大利INAF-IAPS等离子体测试实验设备模拟电离层等离子体环境,对离子漂移计的等离子体环境定标问题进行了分析研究.等离子体环境下的测试结果表明,该离子漂移计在特征点处测量结果满足仪器指标要求,能够正确探测离子横向速度,且其相对精度满足设计要求. 相似文献
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“To the moon!”咔!在世界月球会议的会标前,国际月球探测工作组执行主任伯纳德。福音一手指着月球的方向,一手亲密地揽着翟志刚,留下了一张珍贵合影。 相似文献
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This paper gives a brief outline of the progression from the first substorm model developed in Ref.[4] and[8] based on Kennel's ideas[3], to the present views about the mechanism by which solar wind kinetic energy is converted to electromagnetic energy at the Bow Shock and by which this energy is transferred to the magnetosphere in the form of current; about the transformation of the energy of this current to gas kinetic energy of convecting plasma tubes, and, finally, the back transformation of gas kinetic energy to electromagnetic energy in secondary magnetospheric MHD generators. The questions of the formation of the magnetospheric convection system, the nature of substorm break-up, and of the matching of currents in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system are discussed. 相似文献
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《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(11):2559-2572
The ionospheric anomalies observed before any notable earthquake have become the subject of predictive research in the field of seismo-ionospheric coupling and/or Solid Earth-Atmosphere. In this paper, the concept of ionospheric modeling has been applied using total electronic content (TEC); derived from dual-frequency GPS recordings from about sixty permanent geodetic stations. The study and the analysis of the anomalous TEC variations, quantifiable on a regional scale, allowed us to detect the principal precursors of the Mw 5.5 earthquake that hit Oran on June 06th, 2008. The envisaged analytical approach is based principally on the time delays estimation relating to the seismic responses from the triggering (lithospheric seismic source) until their recording in data Rinex (GPS_IGS stations) through the reflection system of the electromagnetic waves on the ionospheric level (F2-layer).Indeed, in term of location, the longitude-latitude coordinates of the Oran event epicenter (0.658°W, 35.883°N) affecting the coastal margin of Western Algeria without too much material damage. Although the magnitude of this earthquake is qualified moderate (Mw 5.5, seismic intensity scale V-VI), one can observe apparent disturbances in the terrestrial electromagnetic spectrum associated with ionospheric TEC variations. In the domain of geodetic data analysis, we have noted a significant increase in the ionospheric TEC, which announces the arrival of a seismic precursor several days before the main studied event. Against this background, we emphasize that any seismic event, of significant magnitude, often carries information associated with other variants involved in the package of earthquake studied. Among these variants we evoke the effect of the magnetic field and the effect of the surrounding environment, etc. As for the specific behavior of the GPS_TEC signal, obtained from the Rinex data, and its interaction with the associated seismic activity, we highlight the existence of a spectral conformity between the geomagnetic field and that of the TEC content (spontaneous polarization of the TEC).Finally, we have just confirmed the effectiveness of this forecasting approach which relates the seismo-ionospheric precursors that are embedded in the physical trace of the electromagnetic signal relative to significant and/or moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5); such as the envisaged case of the 2008 Oran event. 相似文献
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行星际起伏向磁层顶的输运 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
时间尺度为分钟数量级的太阳风速度和行星际磁场大幅度扰动实际上始终存在于行星际空间的。这些扰动一直传输到紧贴磁层边界面外侧的区域。它们在磁鞘等离子体和磁层顶的相互作用过程中可能起很重要的作用。行星际起伏中的磁场分量在通过地球弓激波时首先经历一次跳跃,然后一部分扰动被带到磁层边界面处。在边界面附近磁场扰动幅度被大大地放大了。弓激波上游的太阳风条件控制了放大因子。本文所作的数值模拟研究结果表明,如果上游有大幅度的扰动,在边界面附近就有大幅度的Alfven起伏的磁场分量。当上游磁场接近垂直于日地联线时,放大因子变得相当大,而且放大因子随上游的等离子体β值和/或Alfven马赫数的增加而增加。上游各向异性对放大因子的影响不大。在磁层边界附近存在大幅度起伏表明这里不存在稳定的片流。 相似文献