珠海市外资企业税收流失测评与防范——基于转让定价避税的视角

外商投资企业通常通过转让定价进行避税,转让定价问题不能仅从名义税负的高低来思考,一切影响企业成本和收益的因素都可以引起外商投资企业做出理性的转让定价避税方式和方向选择。通过对珠海市外商投资企业纳税能力和税收流失规模的评估,认为应从完善外部环境和转让定价的调整及稽查方面入手提高转让定价避税的成本,解决外资企业税收流失问题。     

Warhead power assessment based on double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets theory and gained and lost dominance score method

Warhead power assessment of the anti-ship missile plays a vital role in determining the optimal design of missile, thus having important strategic research significance. However, in the assessment process, expert’s judgement will directly affect the assessment accuracy. In addition,there are many criteria involved in the missile design alternatives. Some criteria with poor performance may be compensated by other criteria with excellent performance, and then it is impossible to find the truly opt...     

Study on UAV Path Planning Approach Based on Fuzzy Virtual Force

This article proposes a novel fuzzy virtual force (FVF) method for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) path planning in complicated environment. An integrated mathematical model of UAV path planning based on virtual force (VF) is constructed and the corresponding optimal solving method under the given indicators is presented. Specifically, a fixed step method is developed to reduce computational cost and the reachable condition of path planning is proved. The Bayesian belief network and fuzzy logic reasoning theories are applied to setting the path planning parameters adaptively, which can reflect the battlefield situation dynamically and precisely. A new way of combining threats is proposed to solve the local minima problem completely. Simulation results prove the feasibility and usefulness of using FVF for UAV path planning. Performance comparisons between the FVF method and the A* search algorithm demonstrate that the proposed approach is fast enough to meet the real-time requirements of the online path planning problems.     

矩阵分析方法在航线规划中的应用研究

基于矩阵分析的原理和航线规划的原则,结合中国航空公司的特点和市场环境,将传统的矩阵分析方法应用于航空公司航线规划中,为航空公司在激烈的市场竞争中进行正确的航线规划提供了一种有效的战略分析工具.     

Total life-cycle cost analysis of conventional and alternativefueled vehicles

Total life-cycle cost (TLCC) analysis can indicate whether paying higher capital costs for advanced technology with low operating and environmental costs is advantageous over paying lower capital costs for conventional technology with higher operating and environment costs. A TLCC model that was developed to facilitate consideration of the various factors involved in both individual and societal policy decision making is summarized. The model considers capital, operating, salvage, and environmental costs for cars, vans, and buses using conventional and alternative fuels. The model has been developed to operate on a personal computer platform using a commercial spreadsheet program     

基于不规则障碍物环境下无人机的改进几何路径规划算法

随着无人机应用环境的多样化,在复杂环境中寻找无碰撞路径是非常重要的。传统的路径规划算法可以找到可行的路径,但它们在时间效率和路径长度之间没有很好的平衡,传统的几何算法只能避免特殊形状的障碍物。提出了一种改进的几何路径规划算法,使无人机能够在复杂的环境中避开任意形状的障碍物,找到较短的路径。首先,针对不规则障碍物,建立了凸多边形覆盖模型。然后解决了传统几何算法陷入局部最优解的缺点。提出了从相邻路径段生成无碰撞路径的二次规划思想,并针对该方法提出了一种新的安全阀值策略。最后,为了验证算法的性能,在不同的复杂环境下进行了仿真,并从几个方面对所提出的算法与A*算法进行了对比分析。     

Intelligent control of a planning system for astronaut training

This work intends to design, analyze and solve, from the systems control perspective, a complex, dynamic, and multiconstrained planning system for generating training plans for crew members of the NASA-led International Space Station. Various intelligent planning systems have been developed within the framework of artificial intelligence. These planning systems generally lack a rigorous mathematical formalism to allow a reliable and flexible methodology for their design, modeling, and performance analysis in a dynamical, time-critical, and multiconstrained environment. Formulating the planning problem in the domain of discrete-event systems under a unified framework such that it can be modeled, designed, and analyzed as a control system will provide a self-contained theory for such planning systems. This will also provide a means to certify various planning systems for operations in the dynamical and complex environments in space. The work presented here completes the design, development, and analysis of an intricate, large-scale, and representative mathematical formulation for intelligent control of a real planning system for Space Station crew training. This planning system has been tested and used at NASA-Johnson Space Center     

考虑运动学约束的不规则目标遗传避碰规划算法

 针对复杂环境下不规则目标的路径规划问题,提出了一种带有运动学约束的遗传避碰规划算法。以舰载机在航母甲板上的路径规划问题作为研究对象,并且该算法可推广至其他具有此类约束的路径规划问题中,它较好地解决了目标形状复杂、障碍环境复杂、目标运动时带有回转半径约束等特殊问题。在传统遗传路径规划算法的基础上,针对性地设计了三维位置和姿态混合编码、三段法路径解码、轨迹包围盒的碰撞检测及距离计算等方法,并在遗传操作中引入惩罚项和修补策略来辅助算法寻优。最后,为得出复杂环境下的最优路径,基于VC++平台对算法进行了仿真验证。结果表明,在复杂障碍环境下,本文提出的算法可求得最优避碰路径,并满足预先设定的目标回转半径约束,能够有效地解决此类目标的避碰路径规划问题。     

基于最小成本的飞机着陆规划算法

在以往着陆规划中，较少考虑公司的成本。利用航班的成本函数，建立了满足着陆间隔、着陆时间段等约束的着陆规划模型，提出了一种使用局部搜索和线性规划的启发式算法。实例验算表明，所给模型及算法可以在合理的时间内求解大规模规划问题，有效地降低公司成本。     

Psychological health maintenance on Space Station Freedom

The scheduling of crew rotations for up to 180 days on Space Station Freedom presents a special challenge for behavioral scientists who are tasked with providing psychological support for the crews, their families, and mission flight controllers. Preflight psychological support planning may minimize the negative impact of psychological and social issues on mission success, as well as assist NASA management in making real-time mission planning decisions in the event of a significant social event (for example, the death of a family member). During flight, the combined psychological, emotional, and social stressors on the astronauts must be monitored, along with other aspects of their health. The Health Maintenance Facility (HMF) will have the capability of providing preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic assistance for significant psychiatric and interpersonal problems which may develop. Psychological support will not end with the termination of the mission. Mental health professionals must be part of the team of medical personnel whose job will be to facilitate the transition--physical and mental--from the space environment back to planet Earth. This paper reviews each phase of mission planning for Space Station Freedom and specifies those factors that may be critical for psychological health maintenance on extended-duration space missions.     

无人飞行器航迹规划方法综述

首先从不同角度给出航迹规划的两种定义,把航迹规划问题拆分为规划空间、航迹表示、约束条件、目标函数、规划算法五个子问题,提出了适用于各类无人飞行器航迹规划问题分析求解的过程模型。对规划空间构造方法、目标函数、规划算法进行分类比较,并给出每种方法的优、缺点及适用范围,辅助规划人员针对具体需求快速明确规划思路并选择算法。最后指出了航迹规划未来面临的新问题、新挑战。     

民机试飞应急管理体系框架及影响因素分析研究

民机试飞是飞机从设计生产到交付客户的验证环节,是型号研制成功的关键步骤。民机试飞具有以下特点：为了验证飞机性能而进行各类风险科目试飞,除此之外,还需进行日常维修保养工作。这决定了民机试飞中容易产生突发性事件,需要建立有效的民机试飞应急管理体系。从介绍民机试飞基本特征的角度出发,对生产应急管理体系和试飞应急管理体系分别运用层次分析法进行定量分析,从而对整个民机试飞应急管理体系建设的优先级进行评价,为今后的体系建设提供参考。     

Novel intelligent water drops optimization approach to single UCAV smooth trajectory planning

Trajectory planning of unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) is a rather complicated global optimum problem in UCAV mission planning. Intelligent water drops (IWD) algorithm is newly presented under the inspiration of the dynamic of river systems and the actions that water drops do in the rivers, and it is easy to combine with other methods in optimization. In this paper, we propose an improved IWD optimization algorithm for solving the single UCAV smooth trajectory planning problems in various combating environments. The water drops can act as an agent in searching the optimal UCAV trajectory. The detailed realization procedure for this novel approach is also presented. In order to make the optimized UCAV trajectory more feasible for exact flying, an efficient path smoothing method called the κ-trajectory is adopted for smoothing the single UCAV trajectory. Series experimental comparison results show the proposed IWD optimization algorithm is more effective and feasible in the single UCAV smooth trajectory planning than the basic IWD model.     

Professional environment for knowledge workers: engineers'responsibilities

It is argued that knowledge workers, and engineers in particular, constitute one of society's more indispensable human resources in this technological era. The environment in which engineers work is examined, both on the job and in society as a whole, with particular regard to the relatively poor status that engineering has. It is suggested that this will improve only when engineers become involved in an effort to make desirable changes     

Feasibility,and Contribution to Ocean Circulation Studies,of Ocean Bottom Pressure Determination

An assessment is presented of the probable magnitude of ocean signals causing aliasing in ocean bottom pressure measurements from the GRACE satellite mission. Even after modelling as much of the high frequency signal as possible, variability between 1 mbar (in quiet ocean regions) and 10 mbar (on some shelves) is likely to remain. Interpretation of the resulting retrievals will therefore rely on the facts that the satellite sampling will average the aliasing signal to some extent, and that the spatial patterns of aliased signal and true signal will be different. To this end, a theoretical argument is given, and supported by model diagnostics, suggesting that observable bottom pressure signals will be strongly constrained by the shape of the ocean floor. The modelled magnitudes offer the prospect of significant detectable signals and, while the model accuracy can be called into question, there are hints from Earth rotation and satellite orbit measurements that significant mass redistributions occur in the ocean. It seems certain that we will learn something new about the oceans from GRACE. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

反潜巡逻机布放包围浮标阵应召搜潜建模与仿真

依据经典的浮标应召搜潜方法,结合实际搜潜过程,以某型反潜巡逻机为背景,建立了反潜巡逻机布放圆形阵、方形阵和三角形阵搜潜航路规划的数学模型。对3种阵形的搜潜效能进行分析,仿真了初始距离、潜艇初始位置散布、潜艇经济航速和海洋环境噪声级对浮标阵搜潜效能的影响。仿真结果分析表明:相同条件下,方形阵的搜潜效能要略高于圆形阵和三角形阵的搜潜效能;3种包围阵的搜潜效能均随初始距离、初始位置散布、潜艇经济航速和海洋环境噪声级的增大而降低。     

双层供应链系统中基于谈判协作计划的数值模拟

研究主要着眼于双层供应链结构中用于多计划时间段批量生产计划的基于谈判的协作计划过程,其主要目的是为了研究基于谈判的协作计划过程对优化购买方本地计划,并最终得到较好的花费和服务所起到的作用。研究通过建立一组数学模型对此问题进行模拟计算及结果分析,所使用的数学模型中,购买者与供应商之间只需要交换有限的信息来进行购买者的本地计划和整个协作计划过程。研究表明该方法对协助供应链中成员制定有效的生产计划具有一定的指导作用,可通过对制约条件的扩展后在整体供应链中推广使用。     

舰载散射通信自主建链研究

目前主流的散射通信建链方式均依靠第三方通信手段,如果在强对抗环境中,无法进行双方站点位置信息的交换,散射通信将无法进行。针对这个问题,文章提出了 1种舰载散射通信的自主建链方法,利用不同波束宽度的天线以不同角速度进行空间扫描来完成建链。在建链过程中,主站采用步进式扫描,从站采用连续快速扫描进行目标站台方位搜索。仿真结果显示:岸-舰散射通信系统可以在几秒内快速完成建链;舰-舰散射通信系统由于双移动特性,建链时间会比较长,但也可以控制在分钟级。此方法在理论层面验证了散射通信系统自主建链可行性。     

基于变结构多模型的SINS/DVL组合导航算法

对于无人水下航行器来说,SINS/DVL组合导航是其主要导航方式,由于DVL自身作用距离的限制,虽然它可以在水跟踪模式下工作,但洋流速度作为其测量误差会导致SINS/DVL组合导航性能下降甚至失败.针对上述问题,基于有向图切换方法,设置洋流速度模型群,利用所设置的模型群切换策略对子模型群进行激活和终止,通过变结构多模型...     

Airline requirements in a global transport market

Looking at the future challenges of improving competitiveness in a liberalised global market, the Chairman of Alitalia put forward the view that airlines, in the future, will make their choices based more and more on operational considerations.