电子回旋共振离子推力器放电室低信号调试

微波输入技术是电子回旋共振离子推力器的关键技术之一,输入微波在推力器放电室内产生谐振的时候,微波功率才能高效地被吸收,从而电离气体,提高电子的能量,增加等离子体的电离度。电子回旋共振离子推力器放电室是一个不规则的微波谐振腔,很难从理论上确定其谐振状态下的结构。本文利用网络分析仪,采用微波无源器件回波损耗的测试方法对放电室进行精确调谐,分析微波谐振频率及带宽,目的在于详细研究放电室的结构尺寸、微波耦合探针形状和尺寸在谐振状态下的匹配性。调试结果表明放电室增加14 mm圆柱段,选择圆柱段长度22 mm和球形直径9 mm的组合探针,可以得到较好的谐振状态,此时腔体的回波损耗为-23 dB,谐振频率4.195 GHz,谐振带宽为0.025 0 GHz,品质因素为167.848。     

Hybrid Simulations of Wave Propagation and Ion Cyclotron Heating in the Expanding Solar Wind

We present results from hybrid (particle ions, fluid electrons) simulations of the evolution of Alfvén waves close to the ion cyclotron frequency in the solar wind, which take into account the basic properties of the background solar wind flow, i.e., the spherical expansion and the consequent decrease in magnetic field and cyclotron frequency with increasing distance from the Sun. We follow the evolution of a plasma parcel in a frame of reference moving with the solar wind using a 1D expanding box hybrid model; use of the hybrid model yields a fully self-consistent treatment of the resonant cyclotron wave-particle interaction. This model is related to a previous MHD model (Velli et al. 1992), which allows the use of a simple Cartesian geometry with periodic boundary conditions. The use of stretched expanding coordinates in directions transverse to the mean radial solar wind flow naturally introduces an anisotropic damping effect on velocity and magnetic field. We present results for the case of a single circularly polarized Alfvén wave propagating radially outward. Initially, the wave is below the cyclotron frequency for both the alpha partcles and protons. As the wind expands, the wave frequency (as seen in the solar wind frame) decreases more slowly than the cyclotron frequencies and the wave comes into resonance. With only protons, heating occurs as the wave frequency approaches the proton cyclotron frequency. With both alphas and protons, the alphas, which come into resonance first, are observed to be preferentially heated and accelerated. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Analysis of series-parallel resonant converter

A frequency-domain steady-state analysis is given for a series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC) operating in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) using Fourier series techniques. Equations for performance parameters are derived under steady-state conditions to provide simple design tools. The topology of the SPRC combines the advantageous properties of both the series resonant converter (SRC) and the parallel resonant converter (PRC). The key results of the work are: a novel half-wave rectifier SPRC, conditions for obtaining high part-load efficiency; and several boundary frequencies and limiting conditions such as the capacitive/inductive load boundary and open-circuit and short-circuit cases. Experimental results measured for an 80-W converter above the resonance at different load resistances and input voltages show excellent agreement with the theoretical performance predicted by the equations     

Three-phase single-stage ac/dc boost integrated series resonant converter

A new ac/dc 3-/spl phi/ single-stage converter is proposed integrating a 3-/spl phi/ discontinuous current mode (DCM) boost with a dc/dc fixed frequency series resonant converter (SRC). This converter has the following features: natural power factor correction, soft switching, high-frequency (HF) transformer isolation with the series resonant tank operating in above resonance mode, etc. A new complementary gating control scheme is used for simultaneous control of boost converter and the SRC. Modes of operation are presented and analyzed. Based on the analysis, design curves are obtained. An optimum design is given and a design example is presented. Results obtained from SPICE simulation for the designed converter are given to verify the performance of the proposed converter for varying load as well as line voltage. Experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype converter are presented to verify the theory.     

Wave-particle interactions between the ring current particles and micropulsations associated with the plasmapause

In this paper the drift-wave instabilities likely to occur at and near the plasmapause during the period of magnetospheric disturbances are described. The analysis predicts that the proton cyclotron drift loss-cone wave (non-flute electrostatic mode) grows at and near the plasmapause through the drift cyclotron resonant interactions of the ring current protons. The wave is particularly effective for the turbulent loss of the ring current protons just beyond the plasmapause. In a region just inside the plasmapause, the wave is likely to be stabilized by the Landau interaction of the plasmaspheric particles. The unstable wave propagates in opposite directions inside and outside the plasmapause. Accordingly, the proton precipitation pattern would be different in respective regions. The unified loss mechanism of the ring current protons is presented.It is suggested that an ordinary mode instability occurs through the drift resonant interactions with the ring current electrons far beyond the plasmapause. This wave is excited only in a high- plasma with the conditions that the electron temperature perpendicular to the magnetic field is greater than the parallel temperature and that the temperature gradient has an opposite sign to that of the number density and magnetic field. The frequency and wavelength of the fastest growing wave depend sharply on the temperature anisotropy as well as the strength of the inhomogeneities (in temperature, magnetic field and number density). The fastest growing wave has a period of 36.9 s under certain conditions. This wave is likely to be an origin of the pitch-angle diffusion of the ring current electrons.     

弧齿锥齿轮波动共振条件分析

应用弹性理论和波动理论, 推出旋转盘形弧齿锥齿轮波动响应的模态解, 重点讨论了啮合力F对齿轮波动共振的影响。给出了弧齿锥齿轮波动共振的条件。      

求解输流管道动态响应问题的一种有效方法

研究了两端铰支输流管道在脉动内流作用下的参数共振问题。根据数值分析中发现的参数共振响应特性,给出了第一和第二振型运动相互解耦的控制方程,并用谐波平衡法导出了参数共振响应曲线的近似解析解。算例表明,第一振型近似解与数值解吻合得很好,而第二振型解在共振点附近与数值解略有差距,但二者的整体走向完全相同。     

振荡管内气柱谐振的研究

首次提出振荡管气柱谐振概念。对气柱谐振机理、条件、有关因素对谐振激励频率的影响及谐振状态下管内振荡流特性进行了探讨。结果表明：气柱谐振与管内激波运动有关;谐振状态下管内出现最强的压力波并产生最强的冷效应和热效应。     

半球谐振陀螺全角模式信号处理控制方法

介绍了在信号处理的过程中,施加对波腹点、波节点的控制以及谐振频率实时跟踪,从而在谐振振型实时进动的情况下保证谐振振型的稳定,降低陀螺敏感误差;同时对两路相互正交的谐振子谐振信号进行提取和信号处理,得到谐振滞后角度以及陀螺所在载体的转动角度。对该方法进行了数值建模仿真,验证了该方法的可行性。     

Analysis of parallel resonant converter operating above resonance

A high-frequency DC-DC converter using a parallel resonant inverter operating above resonance is analyzed using a state-space approach and a constant current model. Closed-form solutions are obtained under steady-state conditions. The analysis shows that with some changes most equations are of the same form as those corresponding to operations below resonance. The analysis is also used to obtain the design curves and to provide a simple design procedure, which is illustrated by a design example. Experimental results obtained with a prototype MOSFET unit (using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors as switches and operating above 90 kHz) are presented to support the theory     

PARAMETRIC SHIMMY ANALYSIS

ＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＲＩＣＳＨＩＭＭＹＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＺｈｏｕＪｉｎｘｉｏｎｇ（周进雄），ＺｈｕＤｅｐｅｉ（诸德培）（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＡｉｒｃｒａｆｔＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｉｎｇ，ＮｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔｅｒｎＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｘｉ′ａｎ，７...     

Microscopic structure of the solar wind

As the solar wind flows out from the coronal base the coulomb collision frequencies rapidly become small and particle-particle collisions can no longer maintain local statistical equilibrium. At 1 AU the particle distribution functions have important non-Maxwellian characteristics and the firehose instability, a cyclotron resonance whistler-mode instability, and several heat flux current instabilities should be operative. Superthermal particle populations also provide large wave levels, and other forms of enhanced plasma turbulence develop at shock fronts and discontinuities. This report contains a review of the theoretical concepts and a progress report on the experimental study of interplanetary wave-particle interactions.Prepared for Space Science Reviews.     

叶片振动可靠性评估方法研究

提出一种用于发动机叶片振动可靠性评估方法,该方法基于叶片共振转速图（Ｃａｍｐｂｅｌ）,引入概率故障树ＰＦＴＡ（ＰｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙＦａｕｌｔＴｒｅｅＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ）概念,改善了传统评估方法。其目的是为发展叶片共振识别和可靠性评估的有效方法。在Ｃａｍｐｂｅｌ图上,叶片共振系统定义由工作转速点和附近的多个共振点组成。利用ＰＦＴＡ分析该系统能获得更多的叶片振动信息。该方法发展了常规的叶片振动可靠性设计方法,为叶片设计和叶片振动疲劳排故中改善叶片振动特性提供有益的工程评估方法。     

Generalized approach to the small signal modelling of DC-to-DCresonant converters

A generalized small-signal analysis approach that is based on both the Taylor's series expansion and the state-plane diagram is presented. A generalized discrete small-signal model for a double-ended DC-to-DC resonant converter operating in the continuous conduction mode is also given. Based on the model derived, the frequency responses for two transfer functions, namely, the line-to-output and the control-to-output transfer functions, are obtained. The technique is verified by applying it to the conventional series resonant converter whose small-signal analysis is known     

谐振式光纤陀螺系统建模及其应用研究

谐振式光纤陀螺作为高精度角速度传感器,以其集成化高、成本低以及抗干扰性强等独有优势,逐渐成为下一代光学陀螺研究发展的热点。通过对谐振式光纤陀螺工作原理的分析,建立了陀螺数字信号处理系统可视化模型,并对系统谐振曲线和同步解调曲线等开环输出以及锁频反馈下闭环输出进行了模拟仿真。利用仿真模型分析了正弦波调制下谐振谱分裂现象,并搭建实验装置对其进行了验证。结果表明,实验中正弦信号调制频率高于系统谐振输出半高全宽一半,即对应2 MHz时,谐振谱分裂会导致同步解调输出线性区域出现明显失真,严重恶化了标度因数线性度。因此,搭建的谐振式光纤陀螺仿真模型能够准确而有效地模拟系统的工作状态,在系统噪声抑制和精度提升方面具有指导性意义。     

一种求解任意形状导体目标内谐振时表面电流的有效方法

用矩量法求解闭合导体目标的电场积分方程或磁场积分方程将得到不正确的表面电流。提出了一种确定正确表面电流的有效方法，即正确的表面电流由非谐振模电流和归一化的谐振模电流与一未知复因子的乘积组成，通过令闭合导体内给定点的总电场为零可得该未知复因子。计算了一无限长理想导体圆柱谐振时的表面电流，所得结果与解析解一致，进而证明了本方法的有效性和准确性。     

Wave particle interactions as an energy transfer mechanism between different particle species

Recent improvements in experimental techniques and cooperative data analysis efforts have brought a lot of information on the basic mechanisms by which energy can be exchanged between different particle species in the collisionless magnetospheric or solar wind plasmas. Some of these mechanisms are reviewed. A particular emphasis is put on interactions which occur in the equatorial magnetosphere between energetic protons and electromagnetic ultra low frequency (ULF) waves and which are linked with He⁺ ion trapping and heating as well as with field-aligned suprathermal electron beam generation. The process by which ion conic distributions are produced by electrostatic ion cyclotron waves generated at high altitude along auroral field lines by drifting electrons is also discussed.     

Steady-state analysis of the constant-frequency clamped seriesresonant converter

A constant-frequency diode-clamped series resonant converter (CFCSRC) is proposed as a solution to problems associated with frequency-controlled resonant converters. This converter has two resonant frequencies, and control is achieved by varying the relative time spent at each switching frequency. Two zero-current-switching (ZCS) modes are examined and plotted in the output plane. An equation is given for the boundary between the two ZCS modes, as well as an expression for the boundary between ZCS and non-ZCS operation; both are plotted in the output plane. The output equation for the main mode is shown to be hyperbolic. Converter peak voltages limited to the input voltages, and peak currents are less than those of the frequency-controlled clamped series resonant converter over a large operating range. Data from a prototype converter are compared with theoretical data and are shown to be in good agreement with the theoretical model