共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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使用电动力缆绳系统离轨卫星的关键之一是缆绳系统与空间等离子体之间的相互作用,因此,有必要研究电动力缆绳系统与空间等离子体之间的接触电阻对电动力缆绳离轨特性的影响。首先针对一类电动力缆绳离轨系统分析了回路中的电阻类型,然后利用TSS-1R卫星的电流-电压关系建立了电动力缆绳离轨系统末端球形收集器与空间等离子体之间的接触电阻的计算公式,并在十三阶精确地磁场模型和国际参考电离层1990模型下,利用轨道六要素法分析了该接触电阻对卫星离轨时间、轨道高度和轨道半长轴的影响。分析和仿真结果表明对于所给电动力缆绳离轨系统和参数,接触电阻对电动力缆绳离轨特性的影响是很大的。 相似文献
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电动系绳离轨装置的设计与分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
电动系绳离轨效果显著,无需消耗推进剂,是处理LEO(低地球轨道)废弃航天器的有效手段。文章介绍了利用电动系绳进行离轨的原理,提出了电动系绳离轨装置所需的硬件及其设计要求;给出了电动系绳离轨装置的控制策略和工作过程,并利用系绳运动方程对电动系绳离轨的效能进行了分析。结果显示,利用电动系绳可以大大减小离轨的面积时间积。 相似文献
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将电动力绳系(EDT)的主星质量、子星质量、绳系质量以及绳系中的电流视为系统参数,研究这些参数对系统的摆动动力学和轨道动力学的影响。哑铃模型下的电动力绳系摆动动力学方程存在不稳定的周期解,通过Floquet理论来衡量周期解的不稳定程度,从而研究各系统参数对摆动动力学的影响。建立了用春分点轨道元素的形式描述的电动力绳系轨道动力学方程,并以降轨时间来衡量电动力绳系的降轨效率,从而研究系统参数对轨道动力学的影响。运用算例对周期解迁移矩阵的特征值、降轨时间随各系统参数的变化关系进行了仿真,分别得出了各系统参数对系统摆动动力学和轨道动力学的影响。综合本文的仿真结果,并考虑实际发射及空间运行中的其它因素,对电动力绳系的设计和降轨策略提出了建议。 相似文献
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针对升力式飞行器升阻比较大、横向再入机动能力较强的特点,提出了一种综合考虑着陆场位置、返回时间和离轨燃耗约束的最短时间离轨点设计方法。首先,在飞行器运行轨道和着陆场位置给定的条件下,求解了着陆点与星下点轨迹的最小横向距离,并考虑位置及时间约束,根据再入可达域参数确定了再入航程角和再入时间范围。其次,考虑离轨燃耗约束,推导了再入角给定时离轨航程角和离轨时间的解析计算方法,采用牛顿迭代法求解二者取值范围。最后,依据离轨段及再入段航程角范围确定了离轨窗口,用非线性优化方法求解了返回时间最短的离轨点位置。数值仿真表明,所提方法能实现多约束下的飞行器最短返回时间离轨轨道计算,具有较好的适应性,可为航天器离轨方案设计提供参考。 相似文献
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以绳系辅助离轨系统为背景,考虑到大气阻力摄动和子星--返回舱的非质点因素,返回舱与绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态将产生大幅周期性变化,这将影响或破坏系统的稳定性;同时三自由度下绳系系统的展开控制和绳系系统横向振动抑制控制也对返回舱姿态的稳定性和精度提出了更高的要求.基于此,本文建立了大气阻力摄动下的绳系系统的展开动力学和返回舱姿态动力学模型;并在此基础上,设计了绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态跟踪控制策略.通过数学仿真来验证大气阻力摄动下该姿态跟踪控制算法的有效性,结果表明,该控制律能够有效控制绳系辅助离轨系统的相对姿态,满足展开控制的需要. 相似文献
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天基激光清除空间碎片方案与可行性研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
《航天器环境工程》2015,32(4):361-365
介绍了激光烧蚀驱动机理和空间碎片降轨清除原理,通过分析计算确立了空间碎片降轨清除判据和2 种降轨清除模式。理论计算给出了清除1200、800 和500 km 三个典型低地球轨道上空间碎片所必须的速度增量、激光器功率、单脉冲能量、激光发射镜直径等主要参数值。对比分析显示现有的硬件指标和条件能够满足清除低地球轨道上空间碎片的设计要求,因此,天基激光清除空间碎片方案从技术角度是可行的。 相似文献
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空间原子氧环境对太阳电池阵的影响分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
空间原子氧是危害低地球轨道(LEO)航天器在轨性能的最主要空间环境因素之一,其强氧化性能够对包括太阳电池阵在内的航天器外表面暴露材料和组件造成危害。文章分析了某载人航天器在轨原子氧环境、原子氧对不同结构太阳电池阵所用材料的影响以及对太阳电池阵组件电性能的影响,结果表明原子氧对材料的作用能够引起太阳电池阵基板强度降低、电连接可靠性下降及电缆线护套失效等风险,材料的损伤会导致太阳电池组件电性能的下降。鉴于以上结果,作者建议在今后LEO长寿命航天器太阳电池阵研制中,应对原子氧环境条件进行详细设计;同时开展组件级试验,以对电池阵原子氧防护设计的有效性进行验证。 相似文献
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Electrodynamic tethers provide a very promising propulsion system for de-orbiting of spent upper stages or LEO satellites. In this application, the Lorentz force generated by the interaction between the current in the wire and the geomagnetic field produces an electrodynamic drag leading to a fast orbital decay. The attractiveness of tether system lies especially in their capability to operate with uncontrollable satellites and in the modest mass requirement.The need for significant along-track forces leads however to the onset of an undesirable torque which, if not controlled, may drive the system into a dangerous instability. The electrodynamic torque determines in-plane and out-of-plane librations whose amplitude depends upon the current in the wire, mass distribution and system dimensions. Even more important, this torque is modulated along the orbit due to the changing magnetic field and ionospheric plasma density, giving rise to forced oscillations. The counteracting (and stabilizing) gravity-gradient torque is generally to small to ensure stability in typical, strongly non-symmetrical mass distributions, where a massive satellite or upper stage is attached at the lower end and a light electron collecting device (or passive ballast mass) is deployed a few kilometers above. Reducing the electron current or increasing the mass at the upper end are both unattractive solutions.In this paper we show how the electrodynamic torque pumps energy into the system (finally leading to large librations angles) and indicate that many proposed configurations are intrinsically unstable. Our results point out the need for a control strategy. Fortunately, the librations amplitudes can be limited by acting on the current flowing in the wire. Our model of a rigid, conductive tether shows that a control based upon timely current switch-off, using energy criteria, is indeed effective and simple to implement. The resultant duty-cycles are satisfactory and affect only marginally the de-orbiting times. 相似文献
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Kapton作为基底的热控涂层被广泛应用于航天器的外表层设计中,表面保护层中缺陷处所发生的掏蚀效应是近地轨道空间飞行时原子氧对此类热控材料作用的一种主要方式.文章通过蒙特卡洛方法研究了这些尺寸参数与原子氧效应之间的关系.结果表明,保护层缺陷的宽度直接影响进入缺陷内的原子氧的数量,空腔的"颈部"宽度与空腔最大宽度之比随着缺陷宽度增加,掏蚀深度的增加速度则随着缺陷的加宽而变小;保护层厚度主要对初次入射原子氧的入射过程有影响,加厚保护层可以减小原子氧的掏蚀深度和掏蚀空腔的宽度.这些结果可为原子氧防护层的设计提供参考依据. 相似文献
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By using electrodynamic drag to greatly increase the orbital decay rate, an electrodynamic space tether can remove spent or dysfunctional spacecraft from low Earth orbit (LEO) rapidly and safely. Moreover, the low mass requirements of such tether devices make them highly advantageous compared to conventional rocket-based de-orbit systems. However, a tether system is much more vulnerable to space debris impacts than a typical spacecraft and its design must be proved to be safe up to a certain confidence level before being adopted for potential applications. To assess space debris related concerns, in March 2001 a new task (Action Item 19.1) on the “Potential Benefits and Risks of Using Electrodynamic Tethers for End-of-life De-orbit of LEO Spacecraft” was defined by the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC). Two tests were proposed to compute the fatal impact rate of meteoroids and orbital debris on space tethers in circular orbits, at different altitudes and inclinations, as a function of the tether diameter to assess the survival probability of an electrodynamic tether system during typical de-orbiting missions. IADC members from three agencies, the Italian Space Agency (ASI), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), participated in the study and different computational approaches were specifically developed within the framework of the IADC task. This paper summarizes the content of the IADC AI 19.1 Final Report. In particular, it introduces the potential benefits and risks of using tethers in space, it describes the assumptions made in the study plan, it compares and discusses the results obtained by ASI, JAXA and NASA for the two tests proposed. Some general conclusions and recommendations are finally extrapolated from this massive and intensive piece of research. 相似文献
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N.K. Philip V. Chinnaponnu E. Krishnakumar P. Natarajan V.K. Agrawal N.K. Malik 《Acta Astronautica》2009,64(2-3):127-138
This paper describes the attitude control schemes for the various phases such as acquisition, on-orbit, orbit maneuver, de-boost maneuvers and coast phases of the India's first recovery mission Space Capsule Recovery Experiment-I (SRE-1). During the on-orbit phase, the SRE was configured to point the negative roll axis to Sun. The attitude referencing of SRE-1 was based on dry tuned gyros with updates from the attitude determined using on-board Sun sensors and magnetometer. For attitude acquisition, attitude maneuvers and for providing the velocity corrections for de-orbiting operations; a set of eight thrusters grouped in functionally redundant blocks were used. The control scheme with thrusters was based on proportional derivative controller with a modulator. In order to ensure micro-gravity environment during the on-orbit payload operations a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based control scheme was designed to drive an orthogonal configuration of magnetic torquers which in turn produced three-axis control torque with the interaction of Earth's magnetic field. Proportional derivative control scheme with modulator was designed to track the steering commands during the velocity reduction as well as during the coasting phase of the de-orbiting operations. A novel thruster failure detection, isolation and reconfiguration scheme implemented on-board for the de-orbiting phase is also discussed in this paper. 相似文献