Ti600合金的性能与显微组织的研究

Ｔｉ６００ 合金是一种新型近α高温钛合金,其名义成分为Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－２．８Ｓｎ－４Ｚｒ－０．５Ｍｏ－０．４Ｓｉ－０．１Ｙ（ｗ ｔ％ ）。测试了该合金在热暴露前后拉伸性能和蠕变性能,并进行了透射电镜和光学显微镜观察。研究结果表明：合金的机械性能优异,与美国Ｔｉ１１００ 性能水平相当;在常规热处理条件下,合金组织是一种典型的针状组织,该组织具有良好的抗蠕变性能。Ｔｉ６００ 合金热暴露后,合金中存在的α２ 相（Ｔｉ３Ａｌ）和Ｓ２ 相（Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３）使合金的室温塑性降低。讨论稀土氧化物对合金显微组织及性能的影响,表明稀土的加入对改善合金蠕变性能有较大作用。     

晶体取向对第四代单晶高温合金DD15高周疲劳性能的影响

在定向炉中分别采用籽晶法制备了[001]、[011]和[111]3种不同取向的第四代单晶高温合金DD15,在800℃研究了不同取向的高周疲劳性能,分析了合金不同取向的显微组织、疲劳断口形貌和疲劳断裂组织.结果表明:在凝固方向横截面上不同取向合金的铸态枝晶和热处理γ′相组织明显不同.合金800℃的高周疲劳性能存在各向异性...     

高合金化Al—Si合金室温和高温短时性能的研究

采用透射电镜和扫描电镜对高合金化的ＺＡｌＳｉ６Ｃｕ２Ｍｇ合金在高温（１７０～３００℃）、短时（５～３０ｍｉｎ）条件下的微观组织变化及其对力学性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明，加入一定量的合金元素不仅提高了合金的室温力学性能，而且还能抑制在高温下Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相的聚集长大，有利于提高合会的热强性。     

IC10单晶高温合金室温和750℃高周疲劳行为

在涡轮叶片服役过程中,疲劳是其失效的重要原因之一,而已有研究主要针对不同应变速率下IC10合金1 100℃低周疲劳性能展开,本文研究定向凝固IC10单晶高温合金静态空气介质环境下室温和750℃高周疲劳性能。在应力比R=-1、f≈83.3Hz条件下,进行高周疲劳试验,并利用扫描电镜对疲劳断口进行观察;基于试验观测结果,讨论室温和750℃下IC10单晶高温合金高周疲劳性能差异的内在机制。结果表明:IC10单晶室温疲劳强度为288 MPa,750℃疲劳强度为416 MPa;裂纹萌生于试样表面或近表面缺陷处,断口主要由裂纹萌生区、稳态扩展区和组成。     

制备工艺对NiAl-30Fe-Y合金组织与性能的影响

研究了铸态、挤压态、热轧态和定向凝固结晶４种不同制备工艺对ＮｉＡｌ－３０Ｆｅ－Ｙ合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,热轧和定向凝固结晶工艺明显改善了合金性能,特别是提高了合金室温塑性。在室温下不同制备工艺其拉伸断口特征明显不同。不同制备工艺仅对微观组织形态产生影响,其合金组织皆是由先共晶Ｂ２结构β和β与（γ＋γ'）共晶相组成,定向凝固合金成长方向为＜２１１＞β‖＜１００＞（γ＋γ'）。     

新型紧固件用高温合金

新型紧固件用高温合金美国ＳＰＳ公司最近研制出一种高温合金专利产品ＡＥＲＥＸ￣（ＴＭ）３５０，旨在用于燃气涡轮发动机的螺栓。在７３０℃下，与ＵＤＩＭＥＴ７２０，ＷＡＳＰＡＬＯＹ，ＭＵＬＴＩ－ＰＨＡＳＥ１５９以及７１８合金等紧固件用合金相比，该合金表现出...     

11.73Ni—13.85Co—3.13Cr钢回火组织和性能的研究

研究了回火温度对超高强度钢（１１．７３Ｎｉ－１３．８５Ｃｏ－３．１３Ｃｒ）的组织和性能的影响。４３０℃回火，马氏体分解形成大量的渗碳体，合金的韧性最差。４５５℃回火合金的强度达到最高值的组织因素是位错上有细小碳化物的析出共格区。４８２℃回火韧性迅速增加是由于组织中缺少粗大的渗碳体粒子以及在板条边界形成薄膜状的逆转奥氏体。高温回火强度下降，是因为Ｍ＿２Ｃ粗化失去与基体的共格关系。     

Rene‘95粉末合金喷丸强化研究

研究了Ｒｅｎｅ’９５热等静压粉末高温合金喷丸后的残余应力场、组织结构、密度及其与高温疲劳性能间的关系。结果指出，喷丸引起表面形变层内的上述变化，能够有效地提高粉末合金高温下的高周和低周疲劳性能。     

含Cr铸造Ti3Al＋TiAl合金的室温拉伸断裂行为

研究了Ｔｉ－４４．９Ａｌ（ａｔ－％）合金和Ｔｉ－４４．３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ（ａｔ－％）合金的室温拉伸断裂过程。结果表明，Ｃｒ提高了合金的塑性。塑性的提高与含Ｃｒ合金含有更多的γ－ＴｉＡｌ相和形成由细晶γ和α＿２＋γ细晶组成的双重组织有关。Ｃｒ促使块状α＿２和β２相的形成，对阻碍γ相上的长程滑移有明显的作用。进一步细化铸态晶粒或制备具有片状α＿２＋γ组织的单晶合金是发展铸造α＿２＋γ合金的目标。     

表面处理对钛合金微动磨损疲劳性能的影响

本文介绍了利用高频疲劳试验机配以一定的附件，测定ＴＣ３钛合金常规疲劳及微动磨损疲劳（简称微动疲劳）的Ｓ－Ｎ曲线。对该合金进行激光、等离子喷镀和喷丸试样的微动疲劳性能显著改善。利用ＴＥＭ及Ｘ光衍射法分析了喷丸试样表层位错密度及残余应力的变化。用错位偶极子及小裂纹的概念分析了微动疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展机理，从而解释了表面处理对微动疲劳的影响机制。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.