飞机超差结构疲劳寿命量化评定

依据美机实用手册介绍的疲劳寿命S-N方程,对超差结构疲劳寿命推导出了一个量化评定方程。并应用该方程对一些典型结构超差形式具体地进行了疲劳寿命量化评定。实践证明,用本文介绍的方法对超差结构疲劳寿命进行定量评定,不仅简捷明快,而且结果可靠。     

飞机结构件超差及其处理简述

超差是飞机零件制造及装配过程中经常遇到的问题，本文旨在对常见的超差类别、超差的原因进行分析归纳，介绍几种常用的超差处理方法。     

某型惯性导航系统地速超差故障分析

惯性导航系统(简称惯导)能输出多种导航信息,主要考核指标在于导航精度.某型惯导精度超差故障较为常见,以地速超差最为典型.通过建立惯导地速计算模型,分析其误差源,对超差原因进行了深入分析,提出应对措施,从而解决该型惯导地速超差故障.     

飞机结构装配间隙超差分析与对策

飞机结构装配过程中,间隙、阶差超差类问题比较普遍,如机身部段之间、舵面与结构之间、相邻整流罩壁板之间等.通过对典型的间隙、阶差超差案例进行分析,总结造成间隙、阶差超差的主要原因,并提出解决间隙及阶差超差类问题的系统思路及指导方法.     

百分表、内径表示值变动性超差故障的判断与排除

示值变动性是百分表、内径表重要的检定／校准项目之一，也是常出故障的项目之一。百分表、内径表示值变动性超差的表现为：在重复测量时，由于测杆与齿轮间各个相互位置发生不稳定的变动，使其指针不能复位。     

技术状态管理

技术状态管理是随着型号研制的发展而形成的一种工程管理方法,是确保型号研制过程受控的重要手段。技术状态管理是将技术状态项目的功能特性和物理特性进行标识并形成文件,对这些文件的更改和实物产品的偏离和超差进行控制,对技术状态项目进行审核,对标识、控制、审核的情况进行记录和报告,并对这些工作进行技术和行政的指导、监督和管理的活动。     

某机加强框毛坯模锻件超差挽救设计分析

分析了在跟产过程中挽救某机加强（６１框）接头毛坯模锻件超差的一些设计问题，除了讨论结构协调和静强度等影响因素外，对抗疲劳细节设计也进行了细致地研究，最终使得其静强度和疲劳强度均低于非超差件的强度要求。     

涡桨发动机短舱起落架交点间距超差分析与公差优化

为控制涡桨发动机短舱装配出现起落架交点间距尺寸超差问题,首先构建起落架交点定位结构的多层次装配信息模型,形成起落架交点定位尺寸链,进一步构造结构容差信息表,应用3DCS公差分析软件对起落架交点定位装配结构建模仿真,分析起落架交点间距超差率及影响超差的关键尺寸,最后对关键尺寸进行公差优化设计,有效降低起落架交点间距超差率。优化关键尺寸公差后,解决了涡桨发动机短舱装配中起落架交点间距超差问题。     

电气标杆仪长水准器超差的检修

在检修一台电气标杆仪时，发现长水准器第三个方向超差半格。为了弄清超差原因，首先对标杆回转进行测试，将磁力表架座吸附在平台工作面上，百分浓洲头在电气标杆长度的1／3处接触，旋转标杆一周，观察百分表最大偏差为0．12mm，符合要求；而电气标杆仪年水准器在原调平的基础上仍超差半格，故障原因需进一步确认。王故障原因产生故障的原因可能有三种情况：（1）长水准器自身不合格；（2）电气标杆仪垂直轴与轴套配合间隙过大；（3）长水准器微调结构不合理引起的误差。2故障检查长水准器用水平仪检定器进行检测，水泡符合出厂要求，是合…     

数字示波器测量幅度的误差分析

分析了用数字示波器测量脉冲幅度带来的测量误差，以及测量中产生超差现象和异常现象的原因。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。