LU—TVD混合格式在跨声速NS方程计算中的应用

本文采用ＬＵ－ＳＳＯＲ隐式推进方法，并结合ＴＶＤ格式，计算了跨声速翼型的湍流解。文中采用Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ模型，对ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型给出了马赫数０．７－０．９５的结果，并将部分计算结果与Ｈａｒｒｉｓ的实验作了比较，二者符合较好。     

可压缩粘性流绕翼型的N─S方程自适应网格解

从Ｎ－Ｓ方程出发,采用ＬＵ－ＡＤＩ隐式分解方法求解绕翼型的可压缩粘性流动。湍流模式采用Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模式和ｑ－ω二方程微分模式以研究湍流边界层的非平衡效应;为更好地捕捉激波,对网格进行了自适应调整。通过对ＮＡＣＡ００１２和ＲＡＥ２８２２两种翼型在亚音速和跨音速不同马赫数和雷诺数下进行大量计算,表明该方法对改进湍流计算、提高激波分辨率有较好的效果     

快冷态与铸态Ti—55合金稀土相的研究

采用透射电镜观察了快冷态Ｔｉ－５Ａｌ－４Ｓｎ－２Ｚｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．２５Ｓｉ．０．３～１．２Ｎｄ合金（Ｔｉ－５５合金）稀土相的形貌，发观稀土相尺寸细小（４～３４ｎｍ），呈球状，均匀弥散地分布在基体中，晶界上稀土相呈椭球状，沿晶界排列。采用图像分析仪对铸态Ｔｉ－５５合金稀土相进行了分析，结果表明，４种成分合金的稀土相平均尺寸为３．２５～３．５０μｍ，平均圆度系数为０．５６～０．６３，呈椭球状，棒状及不规则状，分布于晶界与晶内，其均匀弥散度劣于快冷态Ｔｉ－５５合金的稀土相。     

Li 对 Al-Mg-Si 合金时效过程的影响

Ａｌ－０．６Ｍｇ－０．８Ｓｉ－０．２Ｃｒ合金中加入不同含量的Ｌｉ后，无针状Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相析出，而形成近球形ＡｌＬｉＳｉ相，δ′成为主要时效析出相。Ｌｉ的加入量为１．７％时，δ′相体积分数和晶界析出相的线密度低，其时效硬化过程缓慢，峰值强度显著降低，但具有较好的延伸率；Ｌｉ的加入量为２．６时，δ′相体积分数高，其时效硬化速度与基体合金相近，但具有更高的峰值强度，大量δ′相的存在产生强烈的共面滑移倾向，合金的延伸率略有下降。     

用粘流－无粘流相互作用方法计算翼型的分离和失速

本文用势流－边界层相互作用方法计算低速翼型的分离和失速。势流用对称面元法。边界层用改进的滞后掺混法，考虑了高阶项影响，适用于计算分离。文中对粘流－无粘流耦合方法作了改进。改进的半反－局部联立耦合方法，考虑了相邻点之间的作用，收敛性较好。计算了ＮＡＣＡ４４１２翼型在不同迎角下的压力分布和气动力。计算结果与实验符合良好。算例表明，翼型高升力状态计算必须包括尾流的作用，也应当对势流计算压力与实际压力之间的差别进行修正。     

无磁金属电导率标块测量系统

介绍了一种基于Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ－Ｌａｍｐａｒｄ原理的交叉电导率标块测量系统。基准标块的电导率范围为１３％～１００％ＩＡＣＳ，其不确定度为０．０８％，对未知标块传递测量的不确定度为０．１４％＋０．１％ＩＡＣＳ。     

Li对Li—Mg—Si合金时效过程的影响

Ａｌ－０．６Ｍｇ－０．８Ｓｉ－０．２Ｃｒ合金中加入不同含量的Ｌｉ后，无针状Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相析出，而形成近球形ＡｌＬｉＳｉ相，δ’成为主要时效析出相。     

求解平面翼型亚,跨声速绕流的一个新方法

本文提出了求解平面翼型亚、跨声速绕流的一个新方法。引入流函数和Ｖｏｎ Ｍｉｓｅｓ变换后，亚、跨声速绕机翼无旋流动的基本方程组被化为以流线纵坐标ｙ为未知量的单个二阶偏微分方程－流线控制方程。并通过变换将物理平面上的无限域变为计算平面上有限的矩形域，而后在计算平面采用有限差分线松弛迭代法求解。作为算例，计算了对称翼型ＮＡＣＡ００１２－３４和非对称翼型ＮＡＣＡ４４１２的亚、跨声速有攻角绕流，所得数值结果     

双时间法求解大迎角翼型绕流非定常N-S方程

本文采用双时间推进法、顶点格式有限体积法求解非定常ＮＳ方程、应用多层网格技术计算了ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型大迎角振荡绕流,并对伪时间推进收敛精度,物理时间步长,多层网格迭代方式等对计算结果与计算ＣＰＵ时间的影响进行了讨论,另外还讨论了采用Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ湍流模型时用固定转捩或全湍流模式对计算结果的影响,并与实验结果进行了比较。     

基于N-S方程的跨声速翼型多目标多约束优化设计

本文将粘性流场分析和数值优化方法耦合起来，发展了一种跨声速翼型设计方法，用以提高翼型在一个或多个设计点、在多种约束条件下的气动性能。由粘性流场分析程序计算得到的升力、阻力等气动参数构成目标函数，数值优化程序对其进行最小化。粘性流场分析采用了雷数平均Ｎ－Ｓ方程，这比过去翼型设计中使用的全速势方程或Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程更能模拟流动的本质，因而设计结果的可靠性大大提高了。优化算法采用传统的拟牛顿法（Ｑｕａｓｉ     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。