三种铝合金小贮箱耐蚀性能的评定

前言 高强度Al-Zn-Mg系合金919和Al-Cu系合金LD10、147三种铝合金材料焊制成φ450小贮箱,分别进行了红烟硝酸、海水和海洋大气曝晒试验,研究三种铝合金小贮箱在各种环境中的抗腐蚀性能,尤其是箱体结构体及焊缝的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

导弹推进剂贮箱结构强度及剩余寿命实验研究

用三点弯曲多试样方法对导弹推进剂贮箱主要材料LD10铝合金及其焊件的断裂韧性和疲劳性能进行了实验研究,得到了材料母材、热影响区和焊缝的断裂韧性J_(IC)和疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN的规律。结合无损检测信息可以对导弹推进剂贮箱进行安全性评定和剩余寿命评估。     

新一代运载火箭贮箱大温差泡沫夹层共底研制

系统研究了一种铝合金面板/聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫夹层结构低温贮箱共底的结构设计、关键制造技术及结构性能,该贮箱共底成功通过了气密试验、低温打压及隔热性能等试验考核,单底内压0.54MPa,低温打压煤油箱压力0.40 MPa,氧箱压力0.47 MPa,共底面板不皱损、不失稳,煤油温度不低于17℃。研制的夹层共底能够满足大温差(约210℃)、轻质化和发射前无需抽真空隔热等的使用需求,为我国新一代运载火箭成功研制奠定了技术基础。     

火箭贮箱结构材料应用及发展现状

火箭贮箱是运载火箭的重要组成部件,但服役环境相对恶劣,在储存液体推进剂的同时还承担着复杂的结构载荷。结构材料是贮箱制造发展的根本,也是航天运载器变革的关键。本文主要介绍国内外运载火箭贮箱结构材料的应用及其发展现状,对铝合金、不锈钢、钛合金等金属材料以及复合材料贮箱进行了综述,系统性地总结了贮箱材料的变革历程和应用情况,并对未来贮箱材料的发展方向提出新的见解与展望。     

贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程建模仿真与试验

基于2219铝合金的应力松弛时效宏微观统一本构方程,对其进行用户子程序二次开发,并编译到非线性有限元分析软件MSC. Marc,建立了2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程的仿真模型,分析了顶盖应力松弛时效成形过程的应力应变和力学性能演变规律;开展了基于回弹补偿分析的模具型面优化设计,确定了满足成形目标要求的模具型面,进行了2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形试验,并与仿真结果进行对比分析。结果表明:顶盖应力松弛时效成形试验结果与有限元仿真结果吻合较好,两者成形型面半径相对偏差0.22%,屈服强度相对偏差为3.13%;顶盖成形试验后的型面与目标型面半径的相对偏差为0.52%,力学性能满足目标设计要求。综上所述,所建立的有限元模型能够准确预测顶盖的应力松弛时效成形过程形性演变规律,可以用来指导2219铝合金贮箱顶盖应力松弛时效成形制造。     

大型运载火箭低温复合材料贮箱设计研究进展

不同于传统铝合金焊接装配贮箱设计,复合材料贮箱设计重点是在分析其全寿命周期载荷工况下复合材料基体微裂纹萌生和损伤扩展的基础上,通过有效的设计手段防止其所盛装的低温推进剂(LOX、LH2)泄漏。本文分别对低温用树脂基复合材料及其性能、复合材料贮箱设计准则、贮箱主要部段的结构设计等方面进行了综述,并对复合材料贮箱发展前景进行了展望。     

运载火箭铝合金贮箱全搅拌摩擦焊接工艺及应用

搅拌摩擦焊技术具有焊接缺陷少、焊接变形小、接头性能高等优点,是运载火箭铝合金贮箱制造的发展趋势。本文分析了我国运载火箭贮箱的结构组成和主焊缝结构特点,系统梳理并研究了实现贮箱主焊缝全搅拌摩擦焊接制造所需要的关键技术,包括常规搅拌摩擦焊技术、可回抽搅拌摩擦焊技术、超声相控阵检测技术及补焊技术。研究成果已经逐步实现了在运载火箭贮箱筒段纵缝、箱底主焊缝、贮箱总装环缝上的工程化应用。     

VPTIG焊接机器人在铝合金贮箱箱底生产中的应用

简要介绍了焊接机器人系统结构特征,采用VPTIG单面焊双面成型技术进行2A14铝合金焊接试验,获得良好的焊接接头性能,总结出可靠的工艺控制方法.并应用于铝合金贮箱箱底的生产中,产品焊缝经过RT探伤、液压气密试验、氦质谱检漏等检测方法,各项技术指标满足设计要求.     

重复使用贮箱结构选材及评价标准研究进展

可重复使用低温贮箱是发展重复使用运载器的关键领域之一.本文从国外重复使用贮箱结构材料选用及评价标准、国外贮箱结构设计取值方法及材料体系、贮箱结构材料试验体系三方面综述了重复使用贮箱结构材料选用及评价标准研究进展.系统介绍了泡沫材料、先进铝锂合金材料以及复合材料等在重复使用低温贮箱上的应用情况以及评定上述材料的试验方法.     

复合材料贮箱在航天飞行器低温推进系统上的应用与关键技术

复合材料低温贮箱的研制与开发是集合了多学科的复杂科学工程。航天技术的发展对航天飞行器性能提出了更高的要求,使得低温推进系统成为了研究重点。为了进一步提高航天器的性能,必须从结构的减重入手,贮箱作为低温推进系统中最大的部件,成为了未来重点发展方向。用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRPs)代替铝合金用于制备可重复使用飞行器(RLV)的燃料贮箱成为近些年各个航天大国的重点研究方向。本文介绍了复合材料低温贮箱在航天飞行器领域研究与发展的过程,介绍了复合材料低温贮箱的一些典型型号,总结了发展复合材料低温贮箱所需解决的技术问题。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.