局域共振型声学超材料及其噪声控制

为实现宽频噪声的控制,提出一种兼有Helmholtz共振和弹簧质量系统共振的声学超材料及其控制方法。将双局域共振系统等效为两个弹簧质量系统的串联,理论计算结果表明双局域共振声学超材料能够产生两个局域共振带隙,有限元仿真验证了所建立数学模型的正确性。在对比分析共振腔腔体体积和薄膜张力对系统传递损失影响的基础上,选择通过气压调整薄膜张力实现系统传递损失的控制。实验结果表明：当驱动气压从0增加至2 kPa时,系统传递损失第一个峰值基本保持不变,第二个峰值向高频偏移150 Hz。所设计的局域共振型声学超材料在带隙范围内对低频噪声具有良好的控制效果,为宽频噪声自适应控制提供了一种方法。     

面向大尺度结构的力学超材料减振技术

随着航天器的大型化发展,振动控制策略已成为被广泛关注的关键技术之一,尤其针对大尺度薄膜结构的低频振动问题,传统减振方法难以发挥作用。为此,提出了基于局域共振原理的力学超材料结构,并利用该材料设计了一种新型的中低频被动减振结构,通过改变超材料单元结构可显著调控减振带隙的位置与带宽,被动减振频率最低可达100 Hz以内,对未来航天器的振动控制有一定的指导意义。     

基于正负刚度并联的低频隔振器研究

为了能够抑制微振动对在轨运行航天器造成的不利影响,提出了一种由螺旋柔性弹簧（SFS）与磁性弹簧并联构成的低频隔振器;其中,螺旋柔性弹簧作为正刚度元件为系统提供承载能力,并通过有限元建模对其轴向刚度特性进行了数值分析;由两两相吸、同轴配置的3块环形永磁体构成的磁性弹簧为该隔振系统沿轴向提供负刚度以降低系统的固有频率;基于等效电流模型分析讨论了该磁性弹簧的磁刚度特性,并在平衡位置附近对磁刚度作了线性近似。通过分析所设计的低频隔振器与其相应线性隔振系统的位移传递率,比较了2种隔振器的隔振性能。研究结果表明：所提出的低频隔振系统能够有效地隔离低频微幅振动,降低系统的固有频率,进而拓宽了隔振频带;同时,进一步改善了隔振系统在共振区域附近的阻尼特性,有效地降低了共振峰值。     

某型涡轮喷气发动机噪声特性分析

通过对某型机台试噪声的声压级测量获取了对声源特性进行定性和定量分析的大量有用信息.利用细化谱分析发现声谱上存在轴转频及其3、4阶谐频分量、初步推断此发动机很可能存在轴不对中等故障;且由功率谱分析识别出压气机旋转离散音,为进一步实现声学监测发动机状态提供了一定依据、此外通过某型机转子结构分析和电一声模拟处理,找出了等效亥姆霍兹共振频率.     

提高飞机壁板低频宽带隔声的层合声学超材料

针对飞机舱内的低频宽带噪声控制难题，提出了适用于飞机壁板隔声增强的层合声学超材料。该层合声学超材料由前、后2层不同构成参数的约束型薄膜声学超材料板，及其中间填充的多孔吸声材料复合而成。通过建立层合声学超材料的隔声计算有限元模型，分析各层约束型薄膜声学超材料，以及两者复合构成的层合声学超材料的隔声特性关系，着重研究层合声学超材料的负质量效应对其隔声特性的影响机理。基于四传声器法声阻抗管测试系统，测量层合声学超材料的法向入射隔声量，用以验证有限元模型的有效性。最后，在半消室开展大尺寸层合声学超材料的插入损失试验，结果表明在100～500 Hz的低频工作频段，面密度为1.5 kg/m²的层合声学超材料样件，其算术平均插入损失达到14 dB,体现了优异的低频宽带隔声能力。研究工作对于采用轻薄声学超材料提高飞机壁板的低频宽带隔声性能具有一定的理论和工程指导价值。     

异形腔体压电声衬声学性能

为提高压电声衬对低频噪声的抑制范围,对声衬腔体进行结构优化。利用平面波理论构建了两种曲线管道的声学物理模型,并分别建立了两种模型的传递矩阵,以此作为异形腔体亥姆霍兹共振器传递损失计算的理论依据,并通过仿真验证其正确性。结合压电振子的形变对声衬进行有限元仿真分析,结果表明:在压电振子施加500V驱动电压时,两种声衬频率偏移量分别为115Hz和120Hz。与圆柱形腔体声衬进行对比结果表明:在相同腔体厚度范围内,由曲率越大的曲线所生成的腔体,在相同驱动电压条件下,频率变化率越高,这为今后对声衬腔体结构优化提供一种有效的依据。      

某型涡喷发动机噪声源的识别与研究

通过对某型涡喷发动机噪声的近场声压级测量获取了对该机噪声源进行定性分析与识别的有用信息。利用细化谱分析得出该机噪声谱上存在轴转频及其3、4阶谐频分量,与同步振动信号分析相比较,可初步推断该发动机很可能存在轴不对中的故障:且由功率谱分析还识别出压气机旋转离散音,为进一步实现声学监测发动机状态提供了一定依据。通过某型涡喷发动机转子结构分析和电-声模拟处理,找出了等效亥姆霍兹共振频率处产生空腔鸣音的原因。     

某型涡喷发动机喷声源的识别与研究

通过对某型涡喷发动机噪声的近场声压级测量获取了对该机噪声源进行定性分析与识别的有用信息，利用细化谱分析得出该机噪声谱上存在轴转频及其3、4阶谐频分量，与同步振动信号分析相比较，可初步推断该发动机很可能存在轴不对中的故障；且由功率谱分析还识别出压气机旋转离散音，为进一步实现声学监测发动机状态提供了一定依据，通过某型涡喷发动机转子结构分析和电-声模拟处理，找出了等效亥姆霍兹共振频率处产生空腔鸣音的原因。     

声电换能超材料设计与性能

设计了一种将Helmholtz共振效应与压电效应结合的声电换能超材料结构及电路系统,通过传递矩阵法对超材料的能带结构进行了分析.以压电片作为Helmholtz共振器基底通过阵列形成超材料结构.当入射噪声频率与共振频率一致时,声电转换效率最高.利用COMSOL分别对超材料单元及系统进行仿真,验证了超材料单元对于噪声的抑制...     

一种磁性并联低刚度隔振器

为了能够抑制低频微幅振动,提出了一种磁性并联低刚度隔振器,其由固支的承载梁和磁性弹簧并联构成.其中,磁性弹簧由4个永磁体对组成,每个永磁体对中的两块永磁体相吸配置,并在梁上对称均布;利用等效电流法对永磁体进行建模,根据安培定律给出了永磁体之间磁力的计算表达式,最后通过曲线拟合得到了其近似表达式;分析讨论了梁的等效刚度计算方法,进而得到了所提出的隔振系统的等效刚度计算方法;在不考虑系统非线性影响时,对该隔振系统进行了隔振特性分析及数值仿真.结果表明:与传统的线性隔振器相比,该隔振器能够有效地隔离低频振动,降低隔振系统的固有频率,从而拓宽了隔振器的隔振频带,并改善了系统的阻尼特性,有效地降低了共振区域的共振峰值.      

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.