碳纤维添加碳泡沫的电磁屏蔽效能及力学性能研究

为了制备高效轻质兼备优异的电磁屏蔽性能及力学性能的复合材料,本研究以酚醛树脂为基体,碳纤维为填料,经高温碳化制得了碳纤维添加酚醛树脂基碳泡沫。探究了碳纤维含量对复合材料的结构、电磁屏蔽效能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,碳纤维可以有效改善碳泡沫的泡孔结构,当碳纤维含量为3wt%时,泡沫基体的泡孔达到小且均匀的状态,平均泡孔直径为150μm,同时碳纤维可以有效提高碳泡沫的电磁屏蔽效能,当碳纤维含量为3wt%时,复合材料的压缩强度和弯曲强度分别达到了4.41和3.85 MPa,比纯碳泡沫分别提高了60.3%和71.8%。当碳纤维含量为5wt%时,碳泡沫对频率为8~12 GHz的电磁波的平均屏蔽效能达到35 d B。     

电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展

阐述了研究电磁屏蔽材料的重要性。综述了表层导电型、填充复合型、本征型导电高分子、导电织物、透明导电薄膜等电磁屏蔽材料的性能及特点,简要阐述了电磁屏蔽材料的发展趋势。     

民航VHF设备电磁屏蔽技术探讨

本文结合实际工作经验对民航VHF设备电磁屏蔽技术进行了探讨研究，总结VHF设备电磁屏蔽应注意的问题，以供同行参考。     

关于飞机电缆电磁屏蔽完整性的探讨

飞机电气线路互联系统中,电缆线束屏蔽端接处理的方式决定着电磁屏蔽的完整性,直接影响飞机电磁兼容和防护效能。针对部分现役飞机线束中存在的多根电缆屏蔽层引线串联端接的情况,从电磁屏蔽原理出发,对"pigtail"效应进行定性分析,并结合相关行业标准,给出电缆线束屏蔽端接处理方式的一些建议。     

填充型电磁屏蔽复合材料

介绍了电磁辐射的危害以及发展电磁屏蔽材料的意义,阐述了电磁屏蔽的原理。综述了导电填料的种类、形态、填充量、复配、分散与分布等因素对填充型电磁屏蔽复合材料屏蔽效能的影响及研究进展。     

某直升机的电磁屏蔽设计

详细讨论了国家重点工程直升机的电磁屏蔽原理,并对屏蔽效能进行了理论计算,使其设计的屏蔽效能完全达到电磁兼容性标准,不但使机内辐射干扰源对外界电磁环境的干扰有效抑制,又不使外界干扰影响机内设备的正常工作。     

电子设备机壳材料的电磁屏蔽设计和腐蚀防护

本文强调了在电子设备机壳材料的电磁屏蔽设计中，重视腐蚀防护对延长产品寿命及确保其电磁屏蔽效果长期有效性的重要性。遵循电化学腐蚀原理阐述了机壳防腐蚀设计的一般原理和方法。     

全机电子综合试验电磁屏蔽暗室

本文简要说明了全机电子综合试验电磁屏蔽暗室的必要性、优越性，电磁屏蔽暗室的用途以及电磁屏蔽暗室的技术要求和设计原理。     

电磁兼容设计中金属屏蔽镀（涂）层的选用

叙述了在电磁兼容设计中，在选用金属镀（涂）层作电磁屏蔽层时应考虑的因素。强调了屏蔽材料防气候环境条件腐蚀以确保电磁屏蔽性能长期可靠的重要性。分别介绍了针对各种材料制作的蜂窝屏蔽通风板、机壳、屏蔽网、垫片等电子仪器零部件选用的屏蔽镀（涂）层。     

飞机风挡玻璃在电磁脉冲环境下的屏蔽效能测试

飞机作为高电子集成度平台,在飞行过程中,必将面临着复杂的电磁环境,研究复杂电磁环境,尤其是电磁脉冲环境对飞机性能的影响。设计了一种基于试验件结构的电磁脉冲环境屏蔽效能测试方法,以飞机电磁防护中的主要薄弱环节风挡玻璃的屏蔽为例,分别从时域、频域和能域的角度出发,评估不同姿态下的风挡玻璃屏蔽效能。经屏蔽效能试验验证,测试方法可行、有效,风挡玻璃在水平和垂直方向的屏蔽效能相差5dB,说明结构件的形状对屏蔽效能有较大影响。     

Electromagnetic characteristics of carbon nanotube film materials

Carbon nanotube(CNT) possesses remarkable electrical conductivity, which shows great potential for the application as electromagnetic shielding material.This paper aims to characterize the electromagnetic parameters of a high CNT loading film by using waveguide method.The effects of layer number of CNT laminate, CNT alignment and resin impregnation on the electromagnetic characteristics were analyzed.It is shown that CNT film exhibits anisotropic electromagnetic characteristic.Pristine CNT film shows higher real part of complex permittivity, conductivity and shielding effectiveness when the polarized direction of incident wave is perpendicular to the winding direction of CNT film.For the CNT film laminates, complex permittivity increases with increasing layer number, and correspondingly, shielding effectiveness decreases.The five-layer CNT film shows extraordinary shielding performance with shielding effectiveness ranging from 67 d B to78 d B in X-band.Stretching process induces the alignment of CNTs.When aligned direction of CNTs is parallel to the electric field, CNT film shows negative permittivity and higher conductivity.Moreover, resin impregnation into CNT film leads to the decrease of conductivity and shielding effectiveness.This research will contribute to the structural design for the application of CNT film as electromagnetic shielding materials.     

Preparation of CF/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered rubber for aircraft sealing and electromagnetic interference shielding applications

To meet the needs of preventing information leakage in space engineering and military industry, an efficient method was introduced to obtain layered electromagnetic shielding sealing rubber. The carbon fiber, Ni-Fe coating, and Carbon NanoTube (CNT) were combined by chemical plating and in-situ polymerization to obtain a lightweight (0.14 g/cm²) and thin (1 mm thick) Carbon fiber Fabric (CF)/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered electromagnetic shielding composites. The layered material obtained by adjusting the electroless plating time exhibited a high Shielding Efficiency (SE) of 60.2–85.5 dB in the range of 0–4800 MHz, which can be used for aviation electromagnetic shielding. Carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes mainly attenuated electromagnetic waves through absorption loss, while the nickel-iron alloy coating through reflection loss interacted with the magnetic vector of incident ElectroMagnetic (EM) radiation and magnetic dipoles, therefore, the EM Interference (EMI) shielding composite attenuated EM waves with the “absorption-reflection-absorption” cooperative interaction. Moreover, the flexible fabric substrate adhered with silicone rubber possessed a breaking elongation of 52.3%, which can be utilized as a good sealing material. Simultaneously, the outstanding exothermicity (67.2 °C under the applied voltage of 5 V) makes it possible to be applied in electric heating area. The electromagnetic shielding composites prepared in this paper have good potential in the fields of precision electronic equipment and aviation systems.     

Ag/Ni/玻璃微珠填充硅橡胶性能

采用自制的导电填料Ag/Ni/玻璃微珠制备了导电硅橡胶,对其形貌进行了表征,对其导电性能、电磁屏蔽效能、力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,Ni的存在使Ag/Ni/玻璃微珠填充硅橡胶在低频的屏蔽效能有所增强,填充体积分数为56%时,导电硅橡胶导电性良好,10 kHz~6 GHz屏蔽效能达70.6~98.8 dB,力学性能良好。     

一种可控透波材料电磁性能分析

采用多次化学切换手段考察了一种可控透波材料在不同次数切换前后的透波性能、屏蔽性能、切换时间、表面形貌。结果表明:切换次数10次以内,6~18 GHz材料透波状态透波率随切换次数变化较小,透波态透波率均大于90%,但材料屏蔽状态屏蔽性能增强,屏蔽态反射率均大于44%,透波/屏蔽切换时间变长,屏蔽态到透波态切换时间均在10 s内,透波态到屏蔽态切换时间均在30 s内,表面有氯化铵生成。     

电磁屏蔽抗干扰技术研究

从干扰源性质出发,将屏蔽分为电场屏蔽、磁场屏蔽和电磁场屏蔽,并对它们进行了分析研究。针对其特性提出其适用范围及注意事项,从而增强了抗干扰的效果。     

Studies of Electromagnetic Properties of MWCNTs after Electroless Plating with Co-Fe Alloy

A method of electroless plating is utilized to deposit Co-Fe alloy on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and electromagnetic parameters of MWCNTs with and without electroless plating are discussed. The MWCNTs covered by Co-Fe is a desirable light absorbent in wide wave band by utilizing electroless plating process in experiments. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and field-emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM) images as well as energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) results are presented to show the morphology, components and electromagnetic parameters of MWCNTs. Electromagnetic properties of MWCNTs are enhanced after electroless plating observed from contrast of results between MWCNTs with and without plating. In conclusion, the covering Co-Fe on the surface of MWCNTs in 2-18 GHz frequency range has better electromagnetic properties. When the material is in the 6.5 GHz electromagnetic waves, the reflection loss is up to ?10 dB, and the bandwidth more than ?4 dB is 5 GHz. The excellent electromagnetic properties make it probable for MWCNTs to be utilized as absorbent in electromagnetic shielding materials.     

机载电子设备屏蔽效能测试与优化

随着航空工业的发展,高强辐射场（HIRF）对机载电子设备的影响越来越大。因此开展对飞机上已经投入使用的机载电子设备屏蔽效能的测试与优化的研究具有重要的意义。基于RTCA/DO-160G和GJB 5185—2003建立HIRF的测试环境,在该电磁环境下对机载电子设备进行屏蔽效能的测试,分析了不同测试位置、不同入射面以及不同极化方式对屏蔽效能的影响。获得了机载通信设备的主要耦合通道,并针对不同耦合通道提出了通用性的优化方法。研究结果可为机载电子设备HIRF的测试以及屏蔽体的优化提供参考意见。