机场近距平行跑道一起一降模式下的容量计算

通过对传统跑道容量模型的修正并结合相应的飞行程序，得出了近距平行跑道在一起一降运行模式下起飞和到达容量独立计算的数学模型，并且用中国上海浦东机场运行数据进行了验证，表明容量模型具有较好的实用性，从而在实际应用中方便了近距平行跑道容量的计算，同睁也提高了近距平行跑道的利用率。     

基于跑道容量的终端区流量控制模型

跑道容量是限制终端区容量的重要因素,终端区的航班流量分布直接影响区域饱和程度。为确保终端管制区平稳、高效运行,建立基于跑道容量的终端区流量控制模型,并考虑了非持续繁忙跑道对容量的影响。以武汉终端区为背景,计算跑道与相应终端区的容量,然后计算出非持续繁忙时段下20 min和1 h的流量控制间隔,最后根据评价结果制定相应的流量控制措施,验证了所提模型和方法的可行性与适用性。     

不同运行模式下跑道容量评估技术研究

跑道容量的大小是机场能否进行高效率运行的一个关键因素,准确评估出跑道的理论容量对机场的实际运行有着至关重要的作用.对单跑道的理论容量进行建模,在单跑道的基础上研究了近距跑道与远距跑道的不同运行模式下的跑道容量数学模型,根据相关机场具体的数据对模型进行验证,并用SIMMOD PLUS仿真软件对机场的场面实际运行情况进行仿真,通过计算出的跑道理论容量与仿真出的空侧容量对比,结果表明机场跑道理论容量计算模型具有较好的实用性.     

基于SPN的近距平行跑道容量建模与分析

跑道理论容量计算是机场容量评估的一项重要内容。传统方法是针对跑道实际运行情况建立特定的数学模型进行粗略计算,本研究则采用随机Petri网(stochastic Petri net,SPN)建立通用的近距平行跑道运行模型,通过同构马尔科夫链,建立系统稳态概率表达式,进而建立跑道容量数学模型。在此基础之上,将跑道容量的影响因素映射成相应变迁的激发率,通过对激发率的调整,实现了不同条件下交替起降近距平行跑道容量的计算与分析。与传统方法相比,该方法所建模型可复用性强,参数调整更为灵活,为跑道理论容量的计算与分析提供了新的解决方案。     

机场跑道容量评估模型研究

针对终端区区域中的跑道容量建立了数学模型并结合仿真方法得出了相应的容量值。模型中考虑的关键影响因素包括管制规则、公共进近航段长度、航空器跑道占用时间及随机误差等。此外。提出将某些影响航空器间隔的因素视为随机变量,并推导了在可接受的安全水平下,管制人员需要增加的缓冲裕度。最后针对跑道实际运行特点和所建立的数学模型,结合随机航空器流模拟的方法．编制了蒙特卡罗仿真程序对某机场的跑道容量进行了评估,评估结果表明模型是有效的。     

跑道容量的运行优化

从战略流量管理的观点出发,研究了预期交通需求超过机场跑道系统容量情况下,跑道容量的运行优化问题。在满足跑道容量曲线限制下,建立了恒定容量和变化容量下的整数规划数学模型,并以数值例子对两种模型进行了对比计算分析。     

基于多目标规划理论的单跑道机场容量分配

通过分析机场跑道实际运行过程,建立了估计单跑道机场的容量模型并且利用该模型对跑道进行了容量评估。在考虑起降比例、流量平衡、停机位数量、跑道起降容量等限制条件的基础上,构造了多目标规划模型。通过改变预期目标的优先级别对3种跑道利用情况进行了容量分配,分配结果均实现了预期控制目标,仿真证明多目标规划方法是空中交通辅助决策的有效工具。     

基于蒙特卡洛仿真的平行双跑道容量评估方法

跑道容量评估是科学评价跑道规划方案、合理安排航班时刻、精准实施流量管理的重要基础性工作.针对平行双跑道容量评估问题,分析了跑道容量影响因素,考虑到跑道分配、机型分配、起降类型分配、进离港点分配、航班流队列顺序等随机性,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟变量随机性,按照离散事件系统原理,递归计算每个航班的起降时刻,通过统计1h内的航班数量获得容量值.以西安机场双跑道为例,针对现行的相关进近、独立进近、隔离运行3种模式,分别计算了跑道容量值.仿真计算结果显示,相关进近模式容量60架次/h,独立进近模式跑道容量为78架次/h,隔离运行模式跑道容量为52架次/h,平均每次仿真时间仅为1 min,说明方法效率较高.与2015年高峰61架次/h相比仅相差1个架次,计算结果说明方法是有效的.     

机场跑道最大容量模型研究

目前,存在着三种比较知名的跑道最大容量评估随机解析模型,即FAA,LMI及MACAD,其建模逻辑各有不同.通过对管制规则进行分析,综合了这三种模型中的合理建模逻辑,构建了新的单跑道容量评估模型.该模型考虑了飞机进近速度、公共进近段长度、飞机位置不确定性、跑道占用时间、间隔标准、机型组合等参数,最终输出结果为跑道容量包络...     

配对进近运行模式下近距平行跑道容量研究

配对进近是提高近距平行跑道容量的运行模式.通过分析近距平行跑道配对进近运行模式的特点,借鉴单跑道容量模型的基本思想,针对三种不同运行方式(全部用于降落、两个到达单元之间插入一架起飞飞机、两个到达单元之间插入两架起飞飞机),分别构建了配对进近运行模式下的近距平行跑道容量模型.算例表明,所提出的模型具有可行性,同时也证明了配对进近能有效提高近距平行跑道的容量.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.